FRUIT AND NUT CHEMICAL USAGE SURVEY METHODOLOGY

    Primary data used in making chemical use estimates were obtained from a probability survey conducted in the fall of 1997. Florida fruit producers were stratified by size of operation and also by type of fruit produced. Larger operations had an increased chance of being selected for the survey.

    Enumeration was by personal interview. A sample of 945 fruit producers was contacted during the enumeration period. A full year of chemical application data was collected dealing with the 1996-97 crop year. Data were collected for bearing acres only.

    A thorough review compared reported data with manufac turer's label recommendations and with data from other fruit producers. Following this review, product information was con verted to an active ingredient level. The chemical usage reported in this publication consists of survey estimates of those active ingredients.
    On a nation-wide scale, 11 States conducted Chemical Use surveys. Each of the 11 States focused on the major fruit crops grown in that State. In Florida, the crops surveyed were oranges, grapefruit, tangerines, tangelos, temples, avocados, and limes.

FLORIDA SUMMARY

    As depicted in the graph below, herbicides were used on more acres in 1997 than any other class of pesticide. Herbicides were used on 94.5 percent of the 820,400 bearing acres of citrus and avocados in Florida. Insecticides were used on 92.8 percent of the bearing acres. Fungicides were used on 70.5 percent of the bearing acreage.

    The following tables list, by crop, the area treated, number of applications, rate per acre per application, and rate per crop year per acre for 1993, 1995, and 1997.

ORANGES: Major Chemical Usage, 1993, 1995, and 1997 Florida
	1993 (489,200 acres)				1995 (562,800 acres)				1997 (624,900 acres)
Chemical	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	99	4 .7	44	204	100	5 .0	35	179	Fertilizer data were not included in the 1997 survey.
Phosphate	68	3 .0	13	38	62	5 .2	8	42
Potash	99	4 .5	45	200	98	4 .9	37	182
Herbicides
Bromacil	50	1 .9	1 .27	2 .44	33	1 .7	1 .18	2 .03	45	1 .5	0 .77	1 .13
Diuron	56	2 .1	1 .15	2 .40	65	1 .7	1 .11	1 .86	61	1 .8	0 .83	1 .47
Glyphosate	90	2 .6	1 .07	2 .81	85	2 .5	0 .73	1 .84	73	2 .3	0 .74	1 .73
Norflurazon	20	1 .9	1 .99	3 .78	22	1 .6	1 .30	2 .10	25	1 .8	1 .03	1 .84
Oryzalin	1/	1/	1/	1/	5	1 .7	1 .34	2 .27	2	1 .6	1 .12	1 .83
Paraquat	15	1 .4	0 .45	0 .61	7	1 .3	0 .31	0 .41	6	2 .2	0 .28	0 .62
Simazine	20	1 .8	2 .27	4 .11	22	1 .3	1 .90	2 .53	24	1 .5	1 .43	2 .11
Insecticides
Abamectin	34	1 .1	0 .09	0 .01	49	1 .4	0 .01	0 .01	35	1 .4	0 .008	0 .01
Aldicarb	6	1 .2	3 .16	3 .90	10	1 .0	2 .54	2 .54	7	1 .0	3 .23	3 .23
Carbaryl	2	1 .0	3 .08	3 .22	1/	1/	1/	1/	2	1 .3	1 .65	2 .16
Chlorpyrifos	10	1 .3	1 .42	1 .82	7	1 .6	1 .07	1 .73	5	2 .2	0 .57	1 .28
Dicofol	9	1 .2	1 .36	1 .70	2	1 .0	1 .93	1 .97	1	1 .0	1 .92	1 .92
Ethion	53	1 .3	2 .50	3 .20	17	1 .2	2 .42	2 .96	15	1 .2	2 .44	3 .00
Fenbutatin-oxide	30	1 .1	0 .96	1 .02	7	1 .1	1 .14	1 .29	7	1 .1	0 .91	1 .04
Oxythioquinox	13	1 .1	0 .63	0 .67	4	1 .3	0 .61	0 .79	1/	1/	1/	1/
Petroleum distillate	90	1 .7	35.55	58.83	92	1 .9	36.25	68.99	88	2 .6	28.86	74.67
Sulfur	15	1 .1	9 .96	10.94	10	1 .3	16.54	21.56	11	1 .3	13.17	17.26
Fungicides
Basic copper sulfate	30	1 .7	2 .80	4 .63	13	1 .6	3 .26	5 .07	16	1 .9	2 .27	4 .34
Benomyl	4	1 .1	0 .99	1 .11	6	1 .4	0 .83	1 .15	3	1 .1	0 .75	0 .79
Copper hydroxide	39	1 .8	2 .08	3 .76	47	1 .7	2 .18	3 .60	41	1 .9	1 .90	3 .68
Copper Sulfate	1/	1/	1/	1/	6	1 .4	2 .18	3 .16	5	1 .1	1 .19	1 .31
Fosetyl-al	8	1 .1	2 .92	3 .34	3	1 .3	3 .14	4 .22	2	1 .6	2 .67	4 .18
Metalaxyl	9	1 .6	0 .54	0 .89	4	1 .8	0 .38	0 .69	1	1 .4	0 .57	0 .82
1/ Insufficient reports to publish.

GRAPEFRUIT: Major Chemical Usage, 1993, 1995, and 1997 Florida
Chemical	1993 (111,900 acres)				1995 (127,300 acres)				1997 (139,200 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	99	4 .3	39	168	98	2 .7	48	132	Fertilizer data were not included in 1997 survey.
Phosphate	77	3 .7	14	52	80	2 .2	25	54
Potash	96	4 .2	42	176	98	2 .6	57	147
Herbicides
Bromacil	41	2 .0	1 .03	2 .09	18	1 .4	0 .99	1 .38	30	1 .3	0 .83	1 .10
Diuron	46	2 .1	0 .90	1 .90	30	1 .4	0 .90	1 .30	52	1 .3	0 .95	1 .26
Glyphosate	93	2 .9	0 .97	2 .76	91	2 .7	0 .86	2 .31	91	2 .2	0 .79	1 .74
Norflurazon	11	1 .8	1 .69	3 .04	32	1 .4	1 .76	2 .41	17	1 .4	1 .12	1 .54
Oryzalin	4	1 .6	1 .56	2 .49	20	1 .1	1 .81	1 .95	4	1 .4	1 .48	2 .02
Paraquat	14	1 .3	0 .40	0 .51	2	2 .2	0 .35	0 .75	3	1 .4	0 .38	0 .52
Simazine	21	1 .8	1 .33	2 .35	28	1 .1	2 .15	2 .38	34	1 .5	1 .16	1 .71
Insecticides
Abamectin	78	1 .1	0 .01	0 .01	83	1 .7	0 .01	0 .01	65	1 .3	0 .009	0 .01
Aldicarb	5	1 .3	3 .60	4 .66	12	1 .0	2 .58	2 .58	8	1 .0	3 .70	3 .70
Chlorpyrifos	29	1 .1	2 .72	2 .94	18	1 .2	1 .61	1 .89	5	1 .5	1 .88	2 .88
Dicofol	22	1 .1	1 .29	1 .39	3	1 .0	2 .02	2 .06	2	1 .0	2 .76	2 .76
Ethion	48	1 .3	3 .07	4 .11	40	1 .3	2 .69	3 .45	33	1 .1	2 .66	2 .92
Fenbutatin-oxide	43	1 .2	0 .90	1 .04	21	1 .0	0 .86	0 .86	13	1 .3	0 .88	1 .11
Oxythioquinox	11	1 .1	0 .66	0 .72	3	1 .1	0 .60	0 .64	1/	1/	1/	1/
Petroleum distillate	92	1 .7	34.30	59.10	93	2 .7	25.55	68.10	89	2.3	31.56	72.24
Sulfur	27	1 .6	18.11	28.62	19	1.8	17.31	30.55	35	1 .4	15.40	21.86
Fungicides
Basic copper sulfate	59	2 .6	3 .90	10.10	9	1 .4	6 .16	8 .90	7	1 .7	2 .54	4 .27
Benomyl	7	1 .1	1 .00	1 .14	5	1 .1	0 .87	0 .93	12	1 .0	1 .08	1 .08
Copper hydroxide	57	2 .7	2 .30	6 .32	71	3 .3	3 .08	10.27	59	3 .1	2 .98	9 .35
1/ Insufficient reports to publish.

TANGELOS: Major Chemical Usage, 1993, 1995, and 1997 Florida
	1993 (10,500 acres)				1995 (12,400 acres)				1997 (13,300 acres)
Chemical	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	100	5 .3	40	211	99	3 .3	52	170	Fertilizer data were not included in 1997 survey.
Phosphate	61	4 .5	9	41	69	2 .5	26	65
Potash	99	5 .2	39	205	99	3 .1	55	172
Herbicides
Bromacil	56	2 .1	1 .00	2 .13	18	1 .5	1 .03	1 .57	22	1 .8	1 .36	2 .47
Diuron	58	2 .3	0 .98	2 .26	41	1 .8	0 .96	1 .71	61	1 .5	1 .25	1 .90
Glyphosate	86	2 .6	0 .97	2 .50	97	2 .6	0 .81	2 .09	95	2 .7	0 .84	2 .22
Norflurazon	5	1 .9	2 .26	4 .34	18	1 .7	1 .16	2 .00	19	1 .5	1 .66	2 .54
Oryzalin	4	1 .0	2 .53	2 .55	14	1 .6	1 .59	2 .51	1/	1/	1/	1/
Paraquat	24	1 .3	0 .45	0 .58	1/	1/	1/	1/	5	1 .9	0 .35	0 .66
Simazine	18	1 .6	1 .73	2 .77	23	1 .4	1 .84	2 .64	48	1 .2	1 .13	1 .34
Insecticides
Abamectin	68	1 .2	0 .01	0 .01	64	1 .4	0 .01	0 .01	79	2 .4	0 .009	0 .02
Chlorpyrifos	12	1 .2	2 .49	3 .01	1/	1/	1/	1/	6	1 .5	0 .76	1 .18
Dicofol	7	1 .2	1 .38	1 .59	8	1 .0	2 .11	2 .13	1/	1/	1/	1/
Diplubanzuron	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	9	1 .2	0 .32	0 .37
Ethion	56	1 .2	2 .78	3 .43	32	1 .4	2 .50	3 .42	16	1 .2	2 .70	3 .12
Fenbutatin-oxide	46	1 .1	0 .93	1 .01	23	1 .0	0 .86	0 .86	6	1 .1	1 .20	1 .30
Oxythioquinox	22	1 .1	0 .64	0 .73	10	1 .0	0 .64	0 .65	1/	1/	1/	1/
Petroleum distillate	81	2 .1	35.03	72.33	93	2 .1	31.06	65.29	94	2 .4	36.47	88.72
Sulfur	18	1 .2	9 .35	11.60	12	1 .5	15.63	23.89	9	1 .3	16.33	20.60
Fungicides
Basic copper sulfate	39	1 .9	3 .93	7 .50	13	1 .3	4 .39	5 .69	4	1 .1	4 .13	4 .51
Benomyl	17	1 .2	1 .02	1 .18	1/	1/	1/	1/	9	1 .3	0 .90	1 .19
Copper hydroxide	58	2 .2	2 .40	5 .26	65	2 .6	2 .71	6 .92	87	3 .6	2 .73	9 .84
Iprodione	7	2 .2	1 .39	2 .99	6	1 .6	1 .47	2 .32	27	2 .2	1 .03	2 .29
Other Chemical
Gibberellic Acid	6	1 .1	0 .04	0 .04	8	1 .0	0 .04	0 .04	26	1 .0	0 .10	0 .11
1/ Insufficient reports to publish.

LIMES: Major Chemical Usage, 1995, and 1997 Florida 1/
Chemical	1995 (1,900 acres)				1997 (2,100 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	92	2 .9	51	149	Fertilizer data were not included in the 1997 survey.
Phosphate	61	3 .4	18	61
Potash	92	2 .9	55	160
Herbicides
Glyphosate	2/	2/	2/	2/	98	6 .2	0 .65	4 .06
Insecticides
Abamectin	26	4 .5	0 .01	0 .03	95	1 .2	0 .003	0 .004
Ethion	42	1 .9	1 .67	3 .24	98	1 .5	2 .12	3 .11
Petroleum distillate	73	3 .7	19.99	73.61	100	1 .5	20.14	30.92
Fungicides
Copper hydroxide	96	5 .5	4 .16	22.88	98	1 .5	5 .50	8 .26
1/ Limes were not included in the 1993 survey. 2/ Insufficient reports to publish.

TANGERINES: Major Chemical Usage, 1993, 1995, and 1997 Florida
	1993 (13,700 acres)				1995 (20,100 acres)				1997 (28,500 acres)
Chemical	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	100	4 .2	53	220	98	3 .0	64	191	Fertilizer data were not included in the 1997 survey.
Phosphate	69	3 .9	12	45	76	2 .5	13	33
Potash	100	4 .1	55	228	98	2 .9	68	197
Herbicides
Bromacil	58	2 .0	1 .12	2 .22	21	1 .4	0 .91	1 .29	21	1 .9	0 .82	1 .55
Diuron	60	2 .2	0 .97	2 .18	44	1 .5	1 .13	1 .67	60	1 .5	1 .05	1 .58
Glyphosate	90	2 .5	0 .98	2 .47	82	2 .3	0 .73	1 .63	92	2 .0	0 .79	1 .61
Norflurazon	1/	1/	1/	1/	21	1 .9	1 .59	2 .97	37	1 .3	1 .21	1 .55
Oryzalin	3	1 .8	1 .95	3 .46	11	1 .5	1 .47	2 .22	1/	1/	1/	1/
Paraquat	14	1 .4	0 .50	0 .70	1/	1/	1/	1/	5	1 .8	0 .34	0 .61
Simazine	27	1 .4	2 .04	2 .79	22	1 .3	1 .80	2 .26	40	1 .2	1 .21	1 .47
Insecticides
Abamectin	82	1 .1	0 .01	0 .01	83	1 .6	0 .01	0 .01	71	1 .9	0 .009	0 .02
Chlorpyrifos	15	1 .2	2 .16	2 .65	3	1 .8	1 .77	3 .17	1/	1/	1/	1/
Ethion	60	1 .1	2 .54	2 .86	17	1 .3	2 .74	3 .61	11	1 .1	2 .14	2 .35
Fenbutatin-oxide	63	1 .2	0 .99	1 .15	38	1 .3	1 .00	1 .26	15	1 .6	0 .96	1 .50
Oxythioquinox	29	1 .1	0 .60	0 .65	15	1 .1	0 .70	0 .74	1/	1/	1/	1/
Petroleum distillate	91	1 .6	34.19	53.21	81	2.5	32.61	82.37	96	2 .3	32.39	74.78
Sulfur	25	1.1	13.53	14.56	4	1 .3	7.05	9.03	6	1.6	19.02	30.34
Fungicides
Basic copper sulfate	20	1 .5	3 .62	5 .59	11	1 .6	4 .00	6 .40	2	1 .7	1 .85	3 .14
Benomyl	18	1 .0	0 .86	0 .90	10	1 .6	0 .88	1 .43	37	1 .0	0 .89	0 .89
Copper hydroxide	72	2 .4	2 .48	6 .05	62	2 .2	2 .96	6 .40	68	3 .3	2 .71	8 .98
Fosetyl-al	13	1 .0	4 .04	4 .20	8	1 .8	3 .57	6 .42	1/	1/	1/	1/
Metalaxyl	1/	1/	1/	1/	8	1 .8	1 .57	2 .89	1/	1/	1/	1/
Copper Sulfate	1/	1/	1/	1/	11	1 .7	1 .98	3 .30	1/	1/	1/	1/
Copper Osychlo.Sul	1/	1/	1/	1/	5	2.4	4.33	10.37	1/	1/	1/	1/
Ferbam	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	13	1 .0	10.66	10.66
Iplodione	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	12	1 .1	0 .95	1 .06
Other Chemical
Gibberellic Acid	5	1 .4	0 .05	0 .07	18	1 .1	0 .04	0 .05	2	1 .8	0 .06	0 .11
1/ Insufficient reports to publish.

TEMPLES: Major Chemical Usage, 1993, 1995, and 1997 Florida
Chemical	1993 (7,300 acres)				1995 (6,800 acres)				1997 (6,700 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	100	3 .6	53	192	100	2 .5	62	157	Fertilizer data were not included in the 1997 survey.
Phosphate	80	2 .4	18	44	48	3 .2	13	40
Potash	99	3 .3	56	187	95	2 .4	71	172
Herbicides
Bromacil	29	1 .6	1 .04	1 .61	11	1 .6	1 .02	1 .62	11	2 .0	1 .28	2 .52
Diuron	31	1 .7	0 .93	1 .55	36	1 .3	1 .44	1 .93	50	1 .3	1 .09	1 .42
Glyphosate	92	3 .1	1 .00	3 .07	97	2 .4	0 .78	1 .91	88	2 .1	0 .85	1 .83
Norflurazon	8	1 .9	2 .27	4 .34	10	1 .9	1 .64	3 .18	12	1 .4	1 .18	1 .61
Paraquat	9	1 .2	0 .38	0 .47	2	2 .5	0 .37	0 .93	1/	1/	1/	1/
Simazine	36	2 .5	1 .34	3 .28	30	1 .3	2 .16	2 .75	46	1 .2	1 .19	1 .45
Insecticides
Abamectin	60	1 .1	0 .01	0 .01	70	1 .5	0 .01	0 .01	58	2 .7	0 .009	0 .02
Chlorpyrifos	12	1 .3	2 .18	2 .84	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/
Dicofol	22	1 .1	1 .27	1 .36	10	1 .0	1 .84	1 .86	1/	1/	1/	1/
Ethion	64	1 .1	2 .92	3 .33	19	1 .3	2 .38	3 .17	10	1 .1	2 .65	3 .00
Fenbutatin-oxide	27	1 .1	0 .99	1 .09	9	1 .2	0 .93	1 .09	8	1 .0	0 .98	0 .98
Oxythioquinox	13	1 .4	0 .63	0 .91	15	1 .0	0 .71	0 .71	1/	1/	1/	1/
Petroleum distillate	94	1 .6	34.39	56.55	96	2 .0	33.21	65.22	98	2 .2	33.58	73.26
Sulfur	16	1 .4	9 .18	13.18	11	1 .5	15.03	23.28	17	1 .3	12.38	15.86
Fungicides
Basic copper sulfate	52	2 .0	3 .58	7 .14	20	1 .1	3 .74	4 .26	1/	1/	1/	1/
Benomyl	10	1 .6	0 .94	1 .53	13	1 .1	1 .07	1 .13	38	1 .1	1 .06	1 .20
Copper hydroxide	43	2 .3	2 .31	5 .21	68	1 .9	2 .01	3 .90	58	3 .3	2 .73	9 .10
Felbam	1/	1/	1/	1/	15	1 .0	4 .92	4 .92	34	1 .0	11 .23	11 .23
1/ Insufficient reports to publish.

AVACADOS: Major Chemical Usage, 1995, and 1997 Florida 1/
Chemical	1995 (5,800 acres)				1997 (5,700 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli-cation	Rate per crop year
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		Percent	Number	Pounds per acre
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	96	3 .0	56	171	Fertilizer data were not included in the 1997 survey.
Phosphate	80	3 .1	22	68
Potash	96	3 .0	61	185
Herbicides
Glyphosate	77	3 .9	0 .70	2 .70	92	3 .6	0 .40	1 .46
Insecticides
Permethrin	79	2 .1	0 .21	0 .44	85	1 .6	0 .15	0 .24
Petroleum distillate	42	2.0	7.00	14.00	63	1.0	12.96	13.07
Fungicides
Copper hydroxide	97	5 .6	5 .24	29.18	90	3 .6	3.89	14.14
1/ Avacados were not included in the 1993 survey.

The following is a list of common names of active ingredients presented in this report along with the associated trade name. Florida Field Office does not mean to imply use of any specific trade name.
COMMON NAME	TRADE NAME
2, 4-D	Several on the market
Abamectin	Agri-Mek
Aldicarb	Temik
Basic copper sulfate	Top cop, tri-basic
Benomyl	Benlate
Bromacil	Hyvar
Carbaryl	Sevin, Savit
Chlorpyrifos	Lorsban
Copper hydroxide Copper Sulfate	Several on the market Copper Sulfate
Dicofol	Kelthane
Difubenzuron	Dimilin
Diuron	Karmex, Direx
Ethion	Ethion
Ferbam Fenbutatin-oxide	Carbamate Vendex
Fosetyl-al	Aliette
Gibberellic Acid	Several on the market
Glyphosate	Roundup
Iprodione	Rovral
Metalaxyl	Ridomil
Methidathion	Supracide
Norflurazon	Solicam
Oryzalin	Surflan
Oxythioquinox	Morestan
Paraquat	Gramoxone
Petroleum Distillate	Several on the market
Simazine	Princep
Sulfur	Several on the market

ORANGES: California growers treated a lower percentage of acreage with herbicides, insecticides and fungicides than Florida growers did. California treated 84, 79, and 57 percent of its bearing acreage while Florida treated 94, 92, 68 percent respectively. Glyphosphate and Diuron were the most commonly used herbicides. Petroleum distillate and abamectin were the most frequently used insecticides while copper hydroxide was the most widely used fungicide.

GRAPEFRUIT: Pesticides were used less frequently in California than in Florida. Herbicides were used on 58 percent of California's total acreage compared with 96 percent of Florida's bearing acreage. Insecticides were used on 62 percent of the acreage in California and 95 percent of the acreage in Florida. California growers also applied fungicides to a lower percentage of the grapefruit acreage with only 32 percent treated compared to Florida's 76 percent of the bearing acreage. Glyphosate, petroleum distillate, and copper hydroxide were the most commonly used herbicide, insecticide, and fungicide, respectively.

LIMES: Pesticides were applied to almost all lime acres. Herbicides were applied to 98 percent of the acreage. Insecticides and fungicides were each used on all the bearing acreage. Glyphosate, petroleum distillate, ethion, and copper hydroxide were the most widely applied pesticides.

TANGELOS: Pesticides were also applied to almost all of the tangelo acres. Insecticides were most commonly used as 97 percent of Florida's bearing acreage was sprayed. Herbicides were also used frequently with 96 percent of the acreage being treated. Fungicides were applied to 91 percent of the crop acreage.

TANGERINES: Herbicides and insecticides were applied to nearly all of Florida's bearing acreage, and fungicides were applied to three-fourths of the bearing acreage. California growers applied herbicides to 31 percent of their total tangerine acreage and 23 percent had insecticides applied to it. Only 3 percent of California's acreage was treated with a fungicide.

TEMPLES: Pesticides were applied to nearly all of the bearing acreage in Florida. Insecticides and herbicides were put on 98 and 96 percent of the bearing acres, respectively. Fungicides were applied on 94 percent of the crop. Glyphosate, petroleum distillate and copper hydroxide were the most widely used pesticides.

AVOCADOS: Herbicides were applied to 97 percent of Florida's bearing acres and only 39 percent of California's acreage, with glyphosate being the most commonly used. Insecticide usage occurred on 33 percent of the acreage overall but varied from 87 percent of the acreage in Florida to 28 percent in California. Fungicide use showed a similar pattern with 99 percent of Florida's acreage treated versus 3 percent in California. Copper hydroxide was the fungicide used extensively in Florida.

CONCLUSION:

The data collection process for this report required fruit producers to complete a lengthy 22 page questionnaire. This report would not have been possible without their cooperation. To each producer who completed a questionnaire,

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