OVERVIEW

    Information in this report is provided from a survey funded by the USDA Pesticide Data Program. The purpose of the Pesticide Data Program is to provide reliable pesticide use statistics and enhance the quality of information on pesticide residues in food. Multiple agencies within the USDA administer this program. This data series addresses the increased public interest in agricultural chemical use and provides the means for government agencies to respond effectively to food safety and water quality issues.

VEGETABLE CHEMICAL USE SURVEY METHODOLOGY

    Primary data used in making chemical use estimates were obtained from a probability survey conducted in the fall of 1998. Florida vegetable producers were stratified by size of operation and by type of crop produced. Larger operations had an increased chance of being selected for the survey. A total of 9 vegetable crops plus watermelons and strawberries were included as target crops in the survey. The target crops were: Fresh Snap Beans, Fresh Cabbage, Carrots, Fresh Sweet Corn, Fresh Cucumbers, Processing Cucumbers, Eggplant, Watermelons, Bell Peppers, Strawberries, and Fresh Tomatoes.

    Enumeration was by personal interview. A sample of 483 producers was contacted during the enumeration period. A full year of chemical application data was collected dealing with the 1997-98 crop year.

    A thorough review compared reported data with manufacturer's label recommendations and with data from other producers. Following this review, product information was converted to an active ingredient level. The chemical usage estimates in this publication consist of survey estimates of those active ingredients.

    On a national scale, 16 States conducted Chemical Use surveys. Each of the 16 States focused on the major vegetable crops grown in that State.

    Tables on the following pages list, by crop, a comparison of 1992, 1994, 1996, and 1998 chemical usage. Because of space limitations, pesticides used on the highest percentage of acres are listed for a pesticide class for a particular crop. The totals may not multiply across due to independent rounding of published values. Estimates of the total amount of active ingredient applied are based on the acreage estimates published in the annual NASS report "Vegetables - 1998 Summary" [Vg 1-2 (99)c] released on January 28, 1999. The estimates for total amount applied will not be revised even if there are subsequent revisions to acreage for a given crop.
    The following is a list of common names of active ingredients presented in this report. Florida Field Office does not mean to imply use of any specific trade name. The classes are herbicides (H), insecticides (I), fungicides (F), other chemicals (O).

SWEET CORN, FRESH: Major Chemical Usage, 1992 and 1994, Florida
Chemical	1992 (51,300 acres)					1994 (42,900 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	81	3.0	41	122	5,071	90	2.3	42	95	3,634
Phosphorous	92	1.8	56	103	4,866	97	1.5	51	78	3,257
Potash	77	2.0	105	211	8,383	100	1.9	115	216	9,273
Herbicides
Atrazine	64	1.4	1.19	1.70	55.3	81	1.2	1.31	1.57	54.7
Butylate	13	1.3	3.76	4.70	31.2	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Metolachlor	10	1.0	1.92	1.92	9.8	6	1.0	2.22	2.22	5.8
Insecticides
Chlorpyrifos	50	4.7	0.78	3.68	94.0	48	2.2	0.76	1.66	33.8
Diazinon	25	1.4	2.31	3.28	41.7	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Methomyl	97	11.5	0.31	3.51	174.6	85	13.6	0.33	4.56	165.3
Phorate	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	36	1.3	1.09	1.37	21.0
Terbufos	16	2.0	0.90	1.82	15.1	22	1.0	0.75	0.75	7.0
Thiodicarb	70	6.4	0.52	3.30	119.4	71	6.6	0.50	3.31	100.2
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil	3	3.0	1.12	3.33	4.9	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Mancozeb	53	6.5	0.93	6.05	162.9	72	6.0	0.90	5.35	164.3
Maneb	14	3.2	0.83	2.68	19.4	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Propiconazole	34	2.2	0.14	0.30	5.3	61	1.9	0.16	0.30	7.9

SWEET CORN, FRESH: Major Chemical Usage, 1996 and 1998, Florida
Chemical	1996 (43,400 acres)					1998 (41,600 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	2.0	48	97	4,037
Phosphorous	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	98	1.2	63	81	3,284
Potash	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	98	1.8	88	163	6,614
Herbicides
Atrazine	78	1.0	1.14	1.18	39.8	78	1.0	1.19	1.26	40.9
Metolachlor	24	1.0	1.44	1.44	15.2	20	1.0	1.19	1.19	9.7
Insecticides
Chlorpyrifos	55	2.4	0.72	1.75	42.0	59	1.5	0.71	1.10	27.0
Esfenvalerate	14	1.5	0.05	0.08	0.5	16	1.0	0.05	0.05	0.3
Lambda-cyhalethrin	41	3.4	0.02	0.08	1.4	74	2.9	0.02	0.07	2.1
Methomyl	83	8.6	0.29	2.52	90.7	79	8.6	0.29	2.54	83.4
Permethrin	12	1.2	0.15	0.18	0.9	8	1.0	0.16	0.16	0.5
Phorate	20	1.6	1.06	1.65	14.6	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Thiodicarb	73	6.8	0.48	3.24	103.0	55	2.6	0.48	1.24	28.3
Fungicides
Mancozeb	57	3.8	0.97	3.74	93.4	61	3.2	0.94	3.04	76.8
Propiconazole	58	2.6	0.13	0.32	8.2	43	1.8	0.13	0.24	4.4
* Footnotes are explained on the last table.

TOMATOES, FRESH: Major Chemical Usage, 1992 and 1994, Florida
Chemical	1992 (49,400 acres)					1994(47,900 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	100	2 .1	89	187	9,203	100	8.5	37	311	14,902
Phosphorous	76	1.6	68	110	4,142	95	5.7	35	201	9,114
Potash	100	2.1	145	306	15,072	100	8.4	64	534	25,572
Herbicides
Metribuzin	59	1.0	0.48	0.48	13.9	29	1.3	0.25	0.34	4.7
Paraquat	95	1.5	0.46	0.70	33.0	64	1.9	0.36	0.67	20.6
Insecticides
Abamectin	47	2.3	0.01	0.02	0.4	31	3.1	0.01	0.03	0.4
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	41	2.6	1/	1/	1/	46	7.3	1/	1/	1/
Chlorpyrifos	32	2.3	0.60	1.38	22.0	46	4.5	0.75	3.36	74.4
Cyromazine	60	1.5	0.11	0.15	4.6	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Endosulfan	67	3.7	0.72	2.67	89.1	77	5.3	0.76	4.05	149.7
Esfenvalerate	81	4.8	0.03	0.14	5.7	82	6.9	0.04	0.27	10.7
Methamidophos	64	3.4	0.71	2.37	74.5	84	4.8	0.79	3.80	152.6
Methomyl	65	3.6	0.41	1.46	47.1	41	4.2	0.47	1.98	39.2
Permethrin	49	4.6	0.10	0.45	10.9	62	6.7	0.17	1.12	32.9
Fungicides
Benomyl	18	1.7	0.39	0.68	6.0	31	4.5	0.48	2.19	33.0
Chlorothalonil	66	5.5	1.13	6.21	203.0	85	7.7	1.43	11.01	446.6
Copper Hydroxide	67	10.5	0.94	9.93	327.3	98	14.9	1.01	15.04	706.8
Mancozeb	62	11.6	1.12	13.00	395.6	90	13.4	1.35	18.12	784.4
Metalaxy	10	1.2	0.40	0.48	2.3	47	2.1	0.33	0.67	15.0
Other
Chloropicrin	26	1.0	63.27	63.27	823.6	64	1.0	61.00	61.00	1,881.9
Methyl Bromide	93	1.0	171.83	171.83	8,229.8	94	1.0	182.73	182.73	8,227.6

TOMATOES, FRESH: Major Chemical Usage, 1996 and 1998, Florida
Chemical	1996 (40,000 acres)					1998 (40,600 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	12.3	22	273	11,065
Phosphorous	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	65	12.6	14	175	4,577
Potash	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	12.4	40	499	20,268
Herbicides
Metribuzin	62	1.2	0.48	0.57	14.1	38	1.0	0.46	0.49	7.5
Paraquat	66	1.3	0.69	0.87	22.9	42	1.1	0.65	0.74	12.6
Insecticides
Abamectin	74	2.4	0.008	0.02	0.6	38	1.1	0.008	0.01	0.1
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	88	5.6	1/	1/	1/	77	5.2	1/	1/	1/
Cyfluthrin	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	13	3.7	0.03	0.10	0.5
Endosulfan	44	2.6	0.74	1.93	34.2	23	2.9	0.56	1.64	15.5
Esfenvalerate	22	4.3	0.03	0.14	1.2	53	3.3	0.03	0.09	2.0
Imidacloprid	70	1.5	0.27	0.39	11.1	35	1.6	0.22	0.35	5.1
Methamidophos	47	4.4	0.67	2.96	55.8	26	7.1	0.64	4.58	49.1
Methomyl	55	2.0	0.65	1.27	28.2	7	5.7	0.48	2.75	8.0
Permethrin	57	4.2	0.11	0.45	10.2	75	5.3	0.07	0.36	10.8
Spinosad	2/	2/	2/	2/	2/	18	2.5	0.09	0.23	1.7
Fungicides
Benomyl	48	3.0	0.26	0.79	15.1	20	2.0	0.25	0.52	4.1
Chlorothalonil	95	7.8	1.06	8.34	317.6	59	5.4	0.89	4.82	116.3
Copper Hydroxide	96	9.2	0.81	7.44	285.1	85	10.8	0.89	9.66	333.2
Mancozeb	93	9.8	1.04	10.22	379.3	60	13.8	1.53	21.20	513.4
Maneb	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	32	4.0	1.50	6.00	78.6
Metalaxyl	35	1.7	0.10	0.17	2.3	14	3.4	0.11	0.38	2.1
Other
Chloropicrin	79	1.0	58.55	58.55	1,842.1	40	1.0	41.21	41.21	664.8
Methyl Bromide	94	1.0	142.52	142.52	5,345.7	95	1.0	159.37	160.35	6,179.5
* Footnotes are explained on the last table.

WATERMELONS: Major Chemical Usage, 1992 and 1994, Florida
Chemical	1992 (53,000 acres)					1994 (40,000 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	PercentMiddle	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	99	3.9	38	148	7,772	99	2.8	53	145	5,731
Phosphate	89	2.0	58	113	5,359	88	1.8	67	123	4,330
Potash	99	3.7	49	180	9,480	99	2.5	72	182	7,209
Herbicides
Gylphosate	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	1	1.0	0.53	0.53	0.3
Paraquat	18	1.2	0.69	0.81	7.6	11	1.1	0.43	0.46	2.0
Sethoxydim	2	1.2	0.24	0.29	0.4	4	1.0	0.29	0.29	0.4
Insecticides
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	31	6.5	1/	1/	1/	12	7.9	1/	1/	1/
Endosulfan	10	3.0	0.44	1.33	7.0	19	3.2	0.89	2.89	21.6
Esfenvalerate	17	3.7	0.04	0.15	1.3	4	3.4	0.04	0.13	0.2
Methomyl	19	3.6	0.59	2.13	21.3	21	2.7	0.64	1.74	14.4
Oxamyl	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	5	1.3	0.32	0.43	0.9
Permethrin	12	3.9	0.12	0.47	3.1	11	4.5	0.19	0.87	3.7
Fungicides
Benomyl	36	3.7	0.32	1.18	22.6	31	2.4	0.25	0.61	7.5
Chlorothalonil	52	3.5	1.31	4.59	125.5	58	2.9	1.72	4.93	114.7
Copper hydroxide	10	3.1	0.93	2.91	15.8	11	3.3	0.52	1.74	7.4
Mancozeb	62	6.5	1.15	7.43	244.9	72	3.8	1.56	5.88	169.2
Metalaxyl	28	3.0	0.22	0.64	9.6	31	2.5	0.22	0.53	6.7

WATERMELONS: Major Chemical Usage, 1996 and 1998, Florida
Chemical	1996 (40,000 acres)					1998 (35,000 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	99	5.5	26	144	5,022
Phosphate	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	89	2.3	52	123	3,839
Potash	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	99	5.5	35	194	6,754
Herbicides
Paraquat	7	1 .3	0.65	0.84	2.5	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Sethoxydim	6	1 .0	0.09	0.09	0.2	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Insecticides
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	25	6 .2	1/	1/	1/	16	3.4	1/	1/	1/
Dimethoate	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	3	1.5	0.56	0.88	1.0
Endosulfan	16	1 .6	0.64	1.04	6.8	7	5.2	0.39	2.06	4.9
Esfenvalerate	12	4 .7	0.04	0.17	0.8	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Methomyl	17	2 .7	0.61	1.64	11.1	23	2.6	0.46	1.20	9.7
Oxamyl	7	1 .3	0.75	0.98	2.9	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Permethrin	12	3 .1	0.10	0.32	1.5	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Fungicides
Benomyl	51	2 .8	0.24	0.68	13.9	33	2.5	0.28	0.71	8.2
Chlorothalonil	45	3 .4	1.27	4.25	77.2	70	2.9	1.26	3.65	89.8
Copper hydroxide	19	2 .7	0.93	2.50	18.8	21	2.5	0.50	1.28	9.5
Mancozeb	73	4 .5	1.37	6.17	178.8	65	3.8	1.27	4.86	111.2
Metalaxyl	21	2 .2	0.21	0.47	3.9	21	1.7	0.13	0.23	1.7

SNAP BEANS, FRESH: Major Chemical Usage, 1992, and 1994
Chemical	1992 (29,700 acres)					1994 (26,900 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	95	2.4	31	77	2,157	98	2 .6	34	86	2,288
Phosphorous	85	2.1	49	102	2,577	91	1 .6	63	99	2,439
Potash	92	2.5	45	111	3,043	98	2 .4	51	120	3,173
Herbicides
EPTC	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	22	1 .0	1.42	1.42	8.3
Metolachlor	23	1.1	1.37	1.54	10.6	14	1 .0	1.25	1.29	4.7
Trifluralin	32	1.6	0.49	0.80	7.7	42	1 .0	0.56	0.56	6.3
Insecticides
Acephate	39	3.5	0.62	2.16	25.2	24	3 .2	0.56	1.83	11.8
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	42	4.0	1/	1/	1/	49	2 .2	1/	1/	1/
Dimethoate	24	2.1	0.71	1.51	10.6	23	3 .4	0.50	1.69	10.4
Endosulfan	13	3.1	0.53	1.63	6.3	42	3 .9	0.72	2.80	32.0
Methomyl	39	3.4	0.34	1.15	13.2	50	2 .6	0.43	1.14	15.3
Permethrin	20	2.9	0.07	0.21	1.3	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Fungicides
Benomyl	26	2.7	0.64	1.73	13.4	19	2 .7	0.56	1.52	7.9
Chlorothalonil	44	4.0	1.23	4.92	64.3	75	3 .6	1.18	4.23	85.8
Copper Hydroxide	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	24	1 .7	0.55	0.91	5.9
Metalaxyl	24	1.1	0.09	0.10	0.7	25	2 .3	0.18	0.40	2.7
Sulfur	50	4.1	3.51	14.27	211.4	63	5 .1	3.15	15.99	271.7

SNAP BEANS, FRESH: Major Chemical Usage, 1996, and 1998
Chemical	1996 (29,000 acres)					1998 (36,000 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	99	6.7	18	119	4,270
Phosphorous	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	98	5.3	27	147	5,178
Potash	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	98	5.7	28	165	5,806
Herbicides
Atrazine	78	1.0	1.14	1.18	39.8	2/	2/	2/	2/	2/
Metolachlor	31	1.1	1.39	1.57	13.9	7	1.0	1.27	1.34	3.2
Trifluralin	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	5	1.0	0.79	0.79	1.4
Insecticides
Acephate	38	2.3	0.62	1.44	15.7	13	2.7	0.54	1.49	6.8
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	29	3.5	1/	1/	1/	21	2.5	1/	1/	1/
Carbaryl	4	2.7	0.87	2.35	2.8	6	2.5	0.81	2.02	1.5
Dimethoate	18	5.3	0.47	2.52	12.9	12	2.0	0.48	0.97	4.1
Endosulfan	5	1.7	0.72	1.21	1.7	38	3.4	0.68	2.33	31.7
Methomyl	39	1.6	0.35	0.57	6.5	62	6.7	0.48	3.23	72.5
Fungicides
Benomyl	34	3.6	0.37	1.31	12.8	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Chlorothalonil	74	2.6	0.95	2.48	53.3	82	5.9	1.46	8.73	258.7
Copper Hydroxide	28	2.8	0.29	0.80	6.4	43	7.7	0.50	3.88	59.9
Metalaxyl	52	1.3	0.25	0.34	5.1	11	1.1	0.14	0.16	0.6
PCNB	23	1.0	1.01	1.03	6.9	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Sulfur	33	4.6	2.40	11.01	104.8	81	6.4	1.65	10.59	307.6
*Footnotes are explained on the last table.

BELL PEPPERS: Major Chemical Usage, 1992 and 1994, Florida
Chemical	1992 (19,900 acres)					1994 (22,100 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	96	4.7	47	219	4,211	100	2.2	127	284	6.274
Phosphorous	84	1.6	68	106	1,769	88	1.6	85	139	2,707
Potash	96	4.7	64	299	5,735	100	2.2	177	393	8,675
Herbicides
Monocarbumide dihy.	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	1	2.3	19.31	43.62	11.8
Naprodamide	17	1.0	1.27	1.27	4.4	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Paraquat	55	1.9	0.45	0.84	9.2	35	1.2	0.34	0.41	3.2
Trifluralin	1	1.0	1.09	1.09	0.3	1	1.0	0.98	0.98	0.3
Insecticides
Acephate	29	4.2	0.56	2.36	13.4	24	4.5	0.62	2.77	14.6
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	81	6.9	1/	1/	1/	77	12.1	1/	1/	1/
Dicofol	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	39	1.4	0.29	0.42	3.6
Endosulfan	18	3.1	0.51	1.58	5.6	39	2.7	0.72	1.93	16.5
Methomyl	87	7.7	0.43	3.36	58.1	77	7.9	0.33	2.65	45.0
Oxamyl	34	2.6	0.55	1.42	9.5	41	2.8	0.64	1.78	16.1
Permethrin	65	7.0	0.13	0.88	11.5	32	3.3	0.14	0.45	3.2
Fungicides
Copper Ammonium	8	11.8	0.25	2.96	4.9	16	9.7	0.27	2.58	8.9
Copper Hydroxide	82	9.9	0.88	8.69	141.1	85	10.4	0.84	8.77	164.8
Mancozeb	11	10.2	0.55	5.58	12.6	20	6.6	1.44	9.54	42.9
Maneb	76	12.7	1.23	15.70	236.1	73	12.1	1.01	12.17	196.7
Metalaxyl	23	3.2	0.46	1.49	6.7	32	2.2	0.25	0.54	3.8
Other
Chloropicrin	23	1.0	58.99	58.99	267.4	27	1.0	91.23	91.23	535.1
Methy Bromide	83	1.1	162.67	171.50	2,832.9	83	1.0	188.58	188.58	3,477.4

BELL PEPPERS: Major Chemical Usage, 1996 and 1998, Florida
Chemical	1996 (21,300 acres)					1998 (19,400 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	5.8	46	272	5,277
Phosphorous	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	70	7.0	19	134	1,802
Potash	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	5.8	59	348	6,749
Herbicides
Monocarbumide dihy.	5	1.5	79.80	123.63	131.7	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Paraquat	35	1.7	0.68	1.15	8.5	87	1.0	0.58	0.62	10.5
Trifluralin	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	2	1.0	0.95	1.03	0.4
Insecticides
Acephate	15	3.4	0.69	2.38	7.5	28	3.0	0.76	2.32	12.6
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	97	9.6	1/	1/	1/	95	9.5	1/	1/	1/
Dicofol	25	2.0	0.43	0.84	4.4	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Endosulfan	11	1.5	0.69	1.06	2.5	9	6.1	0.71	4.36	7.6
Imidacloprid	17	1.1	0.44	0.49	1.8	41	1.2	0.19	0.25	2.0
Methomyl	73	5.7	0.56	3.19	49.8	67	2.5	0.48	1.22	15.8
Oxamyl	19	2.4	0.64	1.53	6.1	28	4.0	0.52	2.12	11.5
Permethrin	22	5.5	0.12	0.66	3.1	8	2.2	0.14	0.32	0.5
Fungicides
Copper Hydroxide	90	10.4	0.90	9.38	180.3	95	8.7	0.62	5.41	100.1
Mancozeb	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	4	9.0	0.80	7.22	4.9
Maneb	94	10.5	1.18	12.35	247.3	92	9.6	1.10	10.63	189.7
Metalaxyl	23	1.2	0.80	0.96	4.7	61	1.0	0.23	0.23	2.7
Other
Chloropicrin	29	1.0	65.77	65.77	399.4	35	1.0	74.66	74.66	512.3
Methy Bromide	91	1.0	174.95	174.95	3,395.5	94	1.0	178.92	178.92	3,270.0
* Footnotes are explained on the last table.

CUCUMBER, FRESH: Major Chemical Usage, 1992 and 1994, Florida
Chemical	1992 (17,600 acres)					1994 (13,300 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	88	3.3	28	92	1,427	100	4.0	29	115	1,529
Phosphorous	53	2.2	41	92	855	57	1.6	84	137	1,035
Potash	88	3.3	31	104	1,601	97	4.0	30	119	1,533
Herbicides
Paraquat	46	1.1	0.66	0.76	6.2	31	1.2	0.36	0.45	1.8
Insecticides
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	44	6.1	1/	1/	1/	74	5.3	1/	1/	1/
Carbaryl	3	23	0.57	1.29	0.8	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Endosulfan	5	1.7	0.59	1.04	1.0	17	2.8	0.84	2.35	5.3
Esfenvalerate	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	12	2.7	0.04	0.12	0.2
Methomyl	46	4.3	0.52	2.26	18.4	79	5.0	0.51	2.56	26.8
Oxamyl	43	2.6	0.48	1.24	9.5	27	3.7	0.47	1.74	6.2
Permethrin	7	2.6	0.12	0.31	0.4	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Fungicides
Benomyl	12	3.6	0.49	1.76	3.7	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Chlorothalonil	57	4.6	1.37	6.36	64.1	67	6.1	1.45	8.88	78.7
Copper hydroxide	14	1.7	0.85	1.42	3.5	21	1.5	0.69	1.01	2.8
Mancozeb	26	5.4	0.91	4.88	22.0	56	4.6	1.78	8.16	61.1
Maneb	29	3.9	1.02	3.95	20.3	27	6.2	0.95	5.83	20.8
Metalaxyl	32	6.1	0.24	1.48	8.3	40	6.1	0.14	0.84	4.5
Other
Methyl Bromide	13	1.0	179.73	179.73	418.2	10	1.0	187.92	187.92	258.7

CUCUMBER, FRESH: Major Chemical Usage, 1996 and 1998, Florida
Chemical	1996 (10,000 acres)					1998 (9,400 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	1.7	51	87	816
Phosphorous	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	12	4.7	23	108	120
Potash	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	1.7	61	104	979
Herbicides
Paraquat	38	1.7	0.63	1.10	4.1	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Insecticides
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	82	9.1	1/	1/	1/	15	5.3	1/	1/	1/
Endosulfan	26	2.3	0.74	1.68	4.4	15	1.9	0.74	1.47	2.1
Methomyl	64	6.3	0.65	4.11	26.5	9	3.2	0.72	2.37	2.0
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil	58	12.7	1.13	14.35	82.7	83	3.5	1.16	4.09	31.9
Copper hydroxide	36	1.7	0.81	1.40	5.0	8	3.0	0.98	3.00	2.2
Mancozeb	43	2.8	1.37	3.89	16.6	13	3.7	1.52	5.72	6.8
Maneb	23	5.4	1.01	5.47	12.7	9	3.4	0.84	2.87	2.5
Metalaxyl	16	2.9	0.26	0.74	1.2	14	1.9	0.17	0.33	0.4
*Footnotes are explained on the last table.

CABBAGE, FRESH: Major Chemical Usage, 1992, and 1994, Florida
Chemical	1992 (11,400 acres)					1994 (9,300 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	100	3 .1	64	202	2,303	100	2.7	97	258	2,395
Phosphorous	98	2 .6	35	93	1,039	100	1.9	51	94	874
Potash	100	2 .7	74	199	2,268	100	2.2	126	272	2,527
Herbicides
DCPA	30	1 .0	2.57	2.57	8.8	10	1.0	5.11	5.11	4.9
Metolachlor	31	1 .0	1.89	1.89	6.6	51	1.0	1.36	1.36	6.4
Insecticides
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	82	7 .4	1/	1/	1/	96	7.2	1/	1/	1/
Chlorpyrifos	29	1 .9	0.96	1.81	6.0	42	2.8	1.03	2.93	11.5
Diazinon	33	1 .4	0.89	1.23	4.6	16	1.2	0.90	1.07	1.6
Endosulfan	38	1 .2	0.54	0.62	2.7	53	3.2	0.91	2.88	14.3
Methamidophos	57	2 .3	0.60	1.39	9.0	40	2.4	0.71	1.70	6.4
Methomyl	88	6 .7	0.46	3.08	30.9	76	4.0	0.58	2.34	16.5
Mevinphos	2	2 .8	0.75	2.07	0.5	27	1.6	0.44	0.70	1.7
Permethrin	24	2 .2	0.10	0.23	0.6	50	3.4	0.07	0.24	1.1
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil	49	5 .1	0.85	4.32	24.0	61	4.8	1.21	5.75	32.5
Copper Hydroxide	5	2 .6	0.89	2.26	1.4	20	1.9	0.32	0.59	1.1
Mancozeb	32	3 .1	1.03	3.20	11.6	27	4.9	2.21	10.81	27.5
Maneb	41	5 .5	1.00	5.54	25.9	21	7.7	1.28	9.94	19.8
Metalaxyl	31	1 .0	0.07	0.07	0.2	9	2.0	0.14	0.27	0.2

CABBAGE, FRESH: Major Chemical Usage, 1996 and 1998, Florida
Chemical	1996 (9,300 acres)					1998 (7,600 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	3.7	52	195	1,481
Phosphorous	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	2.5	30	78	592
Potash	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	2.8	73	205	1,561
Herbicides
Glyphosate	10	2.0	1.49	2.98	2.7	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Metolachlor	20	1.2	1.58	1.84	3.3	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Trifluralin	23	1.0	0.53	0.53	1.1	37	1.0	0.53	0.53	1.5
Insecticides
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	76	6.2	1/	1/	1/	92	4.9	1/	1/	1/
Endosulfan	26	2.3	0.74	1.69	4.1	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Fenamiphos	19	1.0	1.56	1.56	2.7	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Lambda-Cyhalothrin	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	36	2.7	0.03	0.08	0.2
Methamidophos	30	2.7	0.55	1.51	4.3	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Methomyl	45	4.6	0.50	2.29	9.6	59	4.5	0.40	1.83	8.2
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil	39	4.6	1.42	6.49	23.5	94	4.9	0.80	3.99	28.4
Copper Hydroxide	11	2.0	0.55	1.10	1.2	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Maneb	13	6.3	1.09	6.88	8.5	17	3.3	0.68	2.26	2.9
*Footnotes are explained on the last table.

CARROTS: Major Chemical Usage, 1992 and 1994, Florida
Chemical	1992 (9,400 acres)					1994 (7,600 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	83	1.0	41	41	318	96	1.0	24	24	178
Phosphorous	100	1.0	71	71	662	96	1.0	31	31	229
Potash	100	1.0	133	133	1,250	96	1.0	77	77	562
Herbicides
Fluazifop-P-butyl	60	1.1	0.11	0.12	0.7	47	1.0	0.12	0.12	0.4
Linuron	87	5.0	0.30	1.51	12.3	91	4.1	0.64	2.60	17.9
Insecticides
Diazinon	41	1.0	4.29	4.29	16.4	52	1.1	1.69	1.87	7.4
Methomyl	27	2.0	0.31	0.63	1.6	40	1.1	0.22	0.24	0.8
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil	80	3.6	1.22	4.37	32.7	99	7.6	1.17	8.86	66.4
Iprodione	61	1.0	0.83	0.83	4.7	83	1.7	0.85	1.49	9.4

CARROTS: Major Chemical Usage, 1996 and 1998, Florida
Chemical	1996 (7,100 acres)					1998 (6,800 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	1.3	1	2	11
Phosphorous	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	1.1	3	4	24
Potash	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	1.3	12	16	110
Herbicides
Fluazifop-P-butyl	81	1.8	0.09	0.17	0.9	There were insufficient reports to publish detailed usage data for active ingredients in 1998
Linuron	92	3.6	0.40	1.44	9.4
Insecticides
Esfenvalelate	55	1.1	0.04	0.04	0.2
Methomyl	34	1.1	0.46	0.50	1.2
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil	93	7.2	1.29	9.32	61.3
Iprodione	83	1.8	0.91	1.60	9.4
*Footnotes are explained on the last table.

STRAWBERRIES: Major Chemical Usage, 1992 and 1994, Florida
Chemical	1992 (4,700 acres)					1994 (5,800 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	100	85.9	2	135	634	100	73.0	2	117	676
Phosphorous	83	71.9	1	72	279	84	58.3	1	58	286
Potash	100	85.9	2	181	850	98	73.7	2	156	890
Herbicides
Glyphosate	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	3	1.0	0.31	0.31	0.1
Napropamide	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	26	2.4	0.75	1.80	2.7
Paraquat	89	1.9	0.66	1.23	5.1	87	1.9	0.23	0.44	2.2
Insecticides
Abamectin	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	48	3.6	0.01	0.04	0.1
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	18	2.1	1/	1/	1/	41	9.7	1/	1/	1/
Carbaryl	17	2.4	2.08	4.95	4.0	22	2.2	0.84	1.85	2.4
Diazinon	23	5.2	0.60	3.10	3.3	24	3.8	0.51	1.97	2.8
Fenbutatin-oxide	74	3.5	0.68	2.40	8.3	54	3.7	0.81	3.02	9.4
Methomyl	85	8.8	0.50	4.43	17.7	82	11.5	0.57	6.58	31.4
Mevinphos	36	6.5	0.50	3.26	5.5	16	4.7	0.44	2.09	1.9
Naled	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	7	3.6	0.88	3.21	1.2
Fungicides
Benomyl	42	8.8	0.50	4.38	8.6	24	4.3	0.42	1.81	2.5
Captan	98	20.1	1.97	39.55	183.1	99	20.6	1.88	38.80	222.1
Iprodione	42	2.3	0.69	1.57	3.1	38	2.1	0.54	1.12	2.5
Sulfur	54	2.3	3.19	39.21	98.7	84	7.7	2.73	20.91	101.8
Thiophanate-methyl	17	5.8	0.78	4.56	3.7	47	3.2	0.71	2.27	6.2
Thiram	32	5.6	0.77	4.32	6.5	40	7.9	1.11	8.78	20.3
Vinclozolin	44	2.1	0.59	1.26	2.6	2/	2/	2/	2/	2/
Other
Methyl Bromide	91	1.0	196.49	196.49	845.0	97	1.0	196.15	196.15	1,107.4

STRAWBERRIES: Major Chemical Usage, 1996 and 1998, Florida
Chemical	1996 (6,000 acres)					1998 (6,200 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	53.5	2	95	590
Phosphorous	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	94	49.3	1	61	356
Potash	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	53.5	2	107	661
Herbicides
Glyphosate	39	1.7	1.17	1.96	4.6	37	1.4	1.30	1.87	4.3
Napropamide	12	1.6	1.13	1.79	1.3	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Paraquat	82	1.9	0.65	1.21	6.0	80	1.9	0.72	1.37	6.8
Insecticides
Abamectin	68	3.1	0.01	0.04	0.2	53	1.6	0.01	0.02	0.1
Bifenthrin	2/	2/	2/	2/	2/	42	1.2	0.12	0.14	0.4
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	57	5.2	1/	1/	1/	46	10.0	1/	1/	1/
Diazinon	24	3.4	0.64	2.15	3.1	14	2.3	0.67	1.58	1.4
Fenbutatin-oxide	36	4.8	0.69	3.29	7.1	41	1.8	0.69	1.25	3.2
Methomyl	65	5.2	0.61	3.14	12.3	89	5.1	0.53	2.72	15.1
Naled	15	3.1	0.90	2.83	2.5	17	4.1	0.81	3.32	3.5
Fungicides
Benomyl	41	4.7	0.58	2.68	6.6	42	7.4	0.43	3.22	8.4
Captan	99	17.0	1.79	30.34	180.8	96	14.4	1.81	26.15	154.9
Iprodione	33	3.0	0.65	1.93	3.8	64	2.9	0.65	1.93	7.7
Myclobutanil	2/	2/	2/	2/	2/	28	2.0	0.07	0.14	0.2
Sulfur	58	8.4	3.53	29.64	103.8	58	2.8	3.92	10.99	39.8
Thiophanate-methyl	32	6.4	0.64	4.07	7.7	46	2.4	0.68	1.66	4.7
Thiram	51	6.8	0.92	6.23	19.2	60	4.0	1.28	5.24	19.4
Other
Methyl Bromide	99	1.0	207.38	207.38	1,231.3	99	1.0	196.12	196.12	1,198.5
* Footnotes are explained on the last table.

EGGPLANT: Major Chemical Usage, 1992 and 1994, Florida
Chemical	1992 (2,500 acres)					1994 (2,500 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- ations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	100	2.3	84	189	472	100	9.6	13	121	301
Phosphorous	79	2.1	58	121	236	71	2.3	53	124	219
Potash	100	2.2	121	266	663	100	9.5	13	120	301
Herbicides
Napropamide	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	2	1.0	0.56	0.56	5/
Paraquat	59	2.0	0.63	1.25	1.8	11	1.7	0.24	0.41	0.1
Insecticides
Bt(Bacillus thur.)	14	5.1	1/	1/	1/	57	4.1	1/	1/	1/
Carbaryl	6	2.0	0.61	1.21	0.2	8	3.1	0.83	2.58	0.5
Endosulfan	51	5.8	0.65	3.73	4.8	33	2.8	0.56	1.55	1.3
Esfenvalerate	62	4.4	0.04	0.16	0.3	30	5.1	0.03	0.16	0.1
Methamidophos	45	64	0.83	5.34	6.1	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Methomyl	54	6.2	0.38	2.33	3.2	39	4.2	0.40	1.68	1.6
Oxamyl	12	4.0	0.50	1.98	0.6	5	2.7	0.31	0.83	0.1
Permethrin	40	3.9	0.10	0.37	0.4	22	2.4	0.08	0.20	0.1
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	7	5.4	1.20	6.46	1.1
Copper Hydroxide	29	4.4	0.99	4.36	3.2	15	9.6	0.40	3.79	1.4
Mancozeb	6	5.0	1.02	5.05	0.8	12	12.2	1.76	21.39	6.4
Maneb	68	7.0	1.13	7.90	13.4	33	9.5	1.05	9.90	8.2
Other
Chloropicrin	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/	36	1.0	65.10	65.10	59.3
Methyl Bromide	29	1.0	166.42	166.42	120.1	42	1.0	157.86	157.86	166.9

EGGPLANT: Major Chemical Usage, 1996 and 1998, Florida
Chemical	1996 (1,700 acres)					1998 (2,200 acres)
	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied	Area applied	Appli- cations	Rate per appli- cation	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre		1,000 lbs.
Fertilizer
Nitrogen	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	1.8	130	244	535
Phosphorous	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	28	1.2	54	70	43
Potash	4/	4/	4/	4/	4/	100	1.8	234	440	965
Herbicides
Napropamide	3	1.2	1.61	2.00	0.1	2/	2/	2/	2/	2/
Paraquat	17	1.2	0.63	0.77	0.2	2/	2/	2/	2/	2/
Insecticides
Endosulfan	21	5.9	0.52	3.06	1.1	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Methomyl	73	4.3	0.72	3.11	3.8	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil	15	4.2	1.04	4.36	1.1	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Copper Hydroxide	8	4.4	0.76	3.31	0.4	73	3.2	0.75	2.45	3.9
Mancozeb	9	6.3	1.20	7.55	1.2	3/	3/	3/	3/	3/
Maneb	62	6.3	1.18	7.45	7.8	77	3.3	1.29	4.33	7.4
Other
Methyl Bromide	76	1.0	186.59	186.59	241.8	64	1.0	169.89	169.89	241.0
FOOTNOTES: 1/ Rates and total applied are not available, amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. 2/ No reported use. 3/ Insufficient report to publish data. 4/ Fertilizer statistics were dropped in 1996 due to funding limitations. 5/ Total applied is less than 50 pounds.

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    The data collection process for this report required vegetable producers to complete a lengthy questionnaire. This report would not have been possible without their cooperation. To each producer who completed a questionnaire,