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Citrus Summary 2002-03 cover photo

Cover photograph courtesy of The Florida Citrus Growers.


Citrus Production by County
2002-03

01csifcc.gif

Thousand Boxes
Polk
Highlands
Hendry
DeSoto
St. Lucie
Hardee
Indian River
Martin
Collier
Hillsborough
Manatee
Lake
Charlotte
Osceola
Pasco
Okeechobee
Glades
Lee
Orange
Palm Beach
Brevard
Sarasota
Seminole
Marion
Hernando
Volusia
1/ Others

Total
36,620
29,331
29,290
23,378
22,307
17,485
14,807
11,342
10,159
7,952
7,646
6,156
6,066
5,691
3,770
3,556
3,398
3,238
2,337
2,281
1,752
692
411
365
353
350
117

250,850

1/ Alachua, Broward, Citrus, Pinellas, and Putnam counties.

NOTE: There were 155 thousand boxes of lemons produced mostly in Hendry County.


FLORIDA AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS

CITRUS SUMMARY 2002-03

FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
AND CONSUMER SERVICES
Tallahassee, Florida
Charles H. Bronson, Commissioner


FLORIDA AGRICULTURAL
STATISTICS SERVICE
Orlando, Florida
John D. Witzig, State Statistician
DIVISION OF MARKETING
AND DEVELOPMENT
Tallahassee, Florida
Nelson L. Pugh, Director

FLORIDA AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS SERVICE
Mailing address: P.O. Box 530105, Orlando, Florida 32853-0105
Physical address: 1222 Woodward Street, Orlando, Florida 32803
Web address: http://www.nass.usda.gov/fl

Telephone: (407) 648-6013      Facsimile: (407) 648-6029
email: nass-fl@nass.usda.gov

Cooperating with
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service
National Agricultural Statistics Service



ACKNOWLEDGMENT

  The acreage, production, utilization, monthly and season average price, and crop value statistics for Florida as shown in this summary and corresponding data for other citrus states are official estimates of the USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service. Chilled and frozen pack statistics were compiled by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. Where data are from other sources, appropriate references appear.

  Records of the Division of Fruit and Vegetables, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, were used in preparing production and utilization estimates. The Citrus Administrative Committee assisted in assembling these data.

  Many producers, shippers, processors, sales agencies, transportation firms, and others associated with the citrus industry voluntarily supplied basic data used to develop these statistics. Their contributions are sincerely appreciated.

  This report was assembled under the direction of Jeffrey K. Geuder, Robert R. Terry, Candice T. Erick, William C. Curtis, and Rhonda L. Johnson of the Florida Agricultural Statistics Service.

Published February 2004


Contents
Page
Citrus production by county 2002-03 Inside Front Cover
Florida citrus harvesting season, tree census, and county production iv
2002-03 season highlights
    Production value, foreign exports, and
     frozen concentrate
1
Pricing Florida citrus 2
2002-03 weather highlights 3
Florida citrus production since 1922-23 and history of Florida's citrus industry 4
Citrus bearing acreage and production, by states
     Citrus 5
     Oranges 6
     Grapefruit 7
Florida citrus trees, acreage, yield, production,
     utilization, season average on-tree price, and value
           All oranges 8
           Early, midseason, and Navel oranges 8
           Late (Valencia) oranges 9
           Navel oranges 9
           All grapefruit 10
           Seedy grapefruit 10
           White seedless grapefruit 11
           Colored seedless grapefruit 11
Florida grapefruit, by marketing districts
     Production 12
     Season average on-tree prices 12
Indian River grapefruit bearing acreage and production, by varieties 13
Florida citrus trees, acreage, yield, production,
     utilization, season average on-tree price, and value
           Tangelos 13
Florida tangerine bearing acreage, by varieties 14
Florida citrus trees, acreage, yield, production,
     utilization, season average on-tree price, and value
           All tangerines 14
           Early tangerines 15
           Honey tangerines 15
           Limes 16
           Temples 16
Florida citrus products, annual pack, and FCOJ yield 17
Citrus utilization, season average on-tree prices, and value
     Oranges, by states 18
     Temples 18
     Oranges, by states and fruit types 19
     Grapefruit, by states 20
     Tangerines, by states 21
     Other citrus, limes, and lemons, by states 22

Florida lemons, acreage, production, season average
     on-tree price, and value, by types

22
Florida citrus monthly and season average on-tree prices
     Early, midseason, and Navel oranges 23
     Late (Valencia) oranges 23
     White seedless grapefruit 24
     Colored seedless grapefruit 24
     Limes 25
     Tangelos 26
     K-Early Citrus Fruit 26
     Temples 26
     Early tangerines 27
     Honey tangerines 27
Florida citrus production, by counties, areas, and fruit types 28
Florida citrus acreage, by counties and fruit types 29
Florida citrus trees, by counties and fruit types 30
U.S. citrus bearing acreage, by fruit types and states 31
Florida estimated boxes of fruit per tree,
     by types, age groups, and production areas
          Early, midseason, and Navel oranges 32
          Late (Valencia) oranges 33
          White seedless grapefruit 34
          Colored seedless grapefruit 35
Exports of fresh U.S. citrus, by seasons and fruit types 36
Exports of fresh U.S. citrus,
     by destinations, months, and fruit types
37
Exports of fresh Florida citrus, by weeks and fruit types 38
Exports of fresh Florida citrus, by seasons and fruit types 39
Exports of fresh Florida citrus, by destinations and types 39
Florida processed fruit utilization, by weeks
     Oranges, grapefruit, and Temples 40
     Tangelos, early tangerines, Honey tangerines,
          and K-Early Citrus
41
Florida citrus, distribution of recorded utilization,
     by fruit types and months
42
National per capita consumption of citrus, fresh fruit,      and selected fresh juices 43
Production of citrus fruit,
     by selected countries, crop years, and fruit types
44
Production of citrus fruit, by countries and fruit types 45
State Statistical Offices 46
Data sources 47
U.S. citrus production areas 48
Commercial citrus acreage 2002 Inside Back Cover


harvestw.gif

Tree Census

  The Florida Agricultural Statistics Service first indexed the State's commercial citrus groves on aerial photography as of January 1966. Ground crews identify all the State's groves by fruit type, row spacing, and year in which set. Photo interpreters in the Orlando office then delineate the groves by variety blocks on photo transparencies at a scale of 1 inch to 660 feet. Variety blocks are measured with planimeters to obtain acreage and then indexed by land section.
  The design of the inventory survey allows for quick and economical updating. Since 1966, the citrus belt has been resurveyed each second winter to determine changes. Photographing begins in November when weather conditions are most favorable and is generally completed in 80 to 90 days. The same three-mile-wide flight lines established in 1966 are photographed on each succeeding flight. Approximately 14,000 square miles of photography are obtained at a 1 to 30,000 scale.
  The last statewide survey was conducted as of January 2002. New plantings decreased and gross loss was higher, resulting in a net loss of 34,972 acres since January 2000. Decreases in acreage and tree numbers were noted for grapefruit and specialty citrus. Acreage and tree numbers continue to climb for Valencia and other midseason oranges. Citrus acreage decreased in all production areas. Photographing began in November 2003 for the survey underway. Field work will update acreage records as of January 2004.

County Production

  Estimates of citrus production by counties were prepared using objective survey data obtained from the citrus crop estimates program. Production for Florida has been distributed to counties based on the biennial citrus tree census, limb count survey data adjusted for droppage to end of season, and size data at maturity.
  Tree numbers by county which are used in the estimates were obtained from the latest tree census. Productivity per tree is obtained from several objective fruit surveys including limb count, size, and droppage. Because of the statistical sampling design, counties with higher production in general have a greater number of samples and, therefore, estimates for these counties can be considered more reliable. Thus, for the same reason, estimates for the production areas are more reliable than for the individual counties.


Florida Citrus: Acres in commercial groves, as of January 1968-2002
Census
Year
Acres Percent change from
Previous
survey
1966 survey
1968 931,249 +8 .5 +8 .5
1970 941,471 +1 .1 +9 .7
1972 878,019 -6 .7 +2 .3
1974 864,098 -1 .6 +0 .7
1976 852,369 -1 .4 -0 .7
1978 831,235 -2 .5 -3 .1
1980 845,283 +1 .7 -1 .5
1982 847,856 +0 .3 -1 .2
1984 761,365 -10 .2 -11 .3
1986 624,492 -18 .0 -27 .2
1988 697,929 +11 .8 -18 .7
1990 732,767 +5 .0 -14 .6
1992 791,290 +8 .0 -7 .8
1994 853,742 +7 .9 -0 .5
1996 857,687 +0 .5 -0 .0
1998 845,260 -1 .4 -1 .5
2000 832,275 -1 .5 -3 .0
2002 797,303 -4 .2 -7 .1


Citrus Box Weights: Approximate net weight by fruit type and states
State Orange Grape-
fruit
Tanger-
ine
Lemon Lime
  Pounds
FL 1/ 90 85 95 90 88
CA 75 67 75 76 --
TX 85 80 -- -- --
AZ 75 67 75 76 --
1/ Includes Temples and tangelos at 90 pounds.


2002-03 Season Highlights

Production

  U.S. citrus production for the 2002-03 season decreased six percent from 2001-02, but was11percent above the harvest of 1998-99 which was the lowest since the 1991-92 rebound season. Florida accounted for 74 percent of the total U.S. citrus production, California produced 23 percent, and Texas and Arizona contributed the remaining three percent.

   Florida's total production of 251.0 million boxes was down almost 13 percent. Both Valencia orange production and early-mid-Navel orange production were down, making the all orange crop down 12 percent and the smallest since 1998-99. All grapefruit production was down by 17 percent with colored being down more at 19 percent. All varieties of specialty fruit were down with the exception of tangelos, up 9 percent, and Honey tangerines, up 11 percent. Estimates of K-Early Citrus and limes were discontinued this season.

  Bearing acreage is only down one percent to 718,100 acres with declines for every fruit type except Valencia oranges. All orange bearing acreage edged up slightly while grapefruit is down by six percent. All tangerine acreage is down 10 percent, with the largest declines occurring in the early varieties. Later maturing Valencias account for over one-half of the bearing orange acreage. Bearing grapefruit acreage is composed of 40 percent white and 60 percent colored. Sunburst and Honey tangerines each constitute over 40 percent of the bearing tangerine acreage.

   California increased utilized citrus production by 21 percent from the previous season. California's all orange production, at 62 million boxes, is 20 percent higher than the previous season. Grapefruit production, at 5.6 million boxes, is down five percent from the 2001-02 season.

  Utilized production of citrus in Texas is down six percent from the 2001-02 season. Orange production decreased 10 percent from the previous season, and grapefruit production fell four percent.

   Arizona's total citrus production is down one percent from last season. Utilized production of oranges is down 10 percent and grapefruit down 19 percent, while lemons are up seven percent.

Value

  The value of the 2002-03 U.S. citrus crop is down 12 percent from last season. Total value of production for 2002-03 is lower for all types of citrus in the U.S., except tangelos.

  The Florida preliminary 2002-03 on-tree value of all citrus of $815.9 million, down 16 percent from the revised value of $966.8 million for the previous season, is the lowest since 1985-86. Both price per box and value are lower for oranges and grapefruit. Price per box is up for Temples and early tangerines but value is down for both. Although Honey tangerines' price per box is down, overall value is higher. Lemons returned the highest price per box since 1985.
        
  Florida's value of production for oranges is down 16 percent, with the Valencia decrease slightly higher than for other varieties . Grapefruit value is down 24 percent with the white category decreasing more than the colored. The average value of production is below the revised 2001-02 price per box for all varieties except tangelos, Honey tangerines, and lemons.

  Preliminary value is based on that part of the crop priced at harvest, which accounts for all of the fresh fruit and about 40 percent of the processed. Nearly one-half of the processed oranges were priced but the figure for processed grapefruit and tangerines is about one-quarter of the total.

Foreign Exports

  Fresh fruit exports totaled only 19.9 million 4/5 bushel cartons, dropping below 22.0 million for the first time since the freeze-affected 1989-90 season. Canada accounts for the most receipts of Florida oranges and specialty fruit while Japan receives the most grapefruit. More details are listed on page 39.

  A total of 9.9 million gallons of FCOJ was exported, mostly to Canada, and Florida exported 7.2 million gallons of FCGJ. FCOJ exports total only one-third of last season's record but FCGJ exports rebounded from last season's decrease.

Frozen Concentrate

  The final FCOJ yields, reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association, were lower this season for all oranges (1.53659), early-midseason fruit (1.49199), and late oranges (1.60587). The final tangerine yield (FCTJ) was up slightly (1.50047) while the grapefruit yield (FCGJ) declined to 1.21407.

  For fruit going into concentrate, the price per box was higher for all orange varieties and colored grapefruit. The price per pound of solids was also higher for these varieties. Decreases in the price per box and price per pound of solids for white grapefruit outweighed the colored gains resulting in all grapefruit price declines. Tangerine prices are not available.


Florida Citrus: Value of sales on-tree,
crop years 1992-93 through 2001-02
Crop year Value Crop year Value
  1,000 dollars   1,000 dollars
1993-94 939,854 1998-99 1,097,253
1994-95 948,173 1999-00 1,108,523
1995-96 1,075,817 2000-01 862,031
1996-97 960,496 2001-02 1/ 966,803
1997-98 1,023,383 2002-03 2/ 815,917
1/ Revised.
2/ Preliminary.


Priced Fruit: Season average delivered-in price for fruit used in concentrate by variety
Variety Price per box
Price per pound of solids
 
Dollars
All oranges 5.34 0.89
  Early-midseason 4.85 0.83
  Valencia 6.41 1.03
All grapefruit 2.24 0.49
  White 2.39 0.53
  Colored 1.88 0.40
Tangerine NA NA
SOURCE: Florida Citrus Processors Association


Pricing Florida Citrus

Prices

  All prices reported in this publication, except the concentrate prices in the table on page one, are on-tree prices representing the average price received by growers for their fruit. The term "on-tree" relates to fruit returns to the grower after the costs of picking, hauling, and packing have been removed. Prices are based on records of commercial fresh fruit sales and processed fruit returns.

  Each season, beginning with the first month that at least three percent of a fruit type is harvested, monthly estimates are computed. Reports from fresh fruit sales organizations and from packers provide data for an average freight-on board (f.o.b.) price. Processors report an average spot and cash price for fruit delivered to their plants. From these values, an estimated charge for picking, hauling, and packing is deducted to arrive at an on- tree price. The anticipated box utilization for the month is used to combine the fresh and processing price to obtain an average price for all methods of sales.

  At the season's end, monthly price averages are computed and weighted by boxes utilized, to provide the preliminary season average price. A year later, after most processed products are sold, cooperatives and firms with participation plans report prices of fruit they handled. These prices, combined with the spot and cash prices collected earlier, are weighted together by varieties to determine the final processing price received bygrowers. From this price, charges for picking, hauling, and packing, as estimated by University of Florida economists, are deducted to arrive at the final on-tree price received by growers. These preliminary figures for the season just ended, the revised figures for the previous season, and county production by type are released annually in late September.

Packout Rates

  Fresh prices shown in this publication are for “pure fresh” or 100% packout. Grading diverts a portion of the crop from fresh use. Returns at processing plants for this diverted fruit will generally be less than for field run fruit because of extra costs. In order to compare fresh prices shown in this publication to the individual grower's return it is necessary to calculate a derived price for that crop. Below is an example and a blank table for calculating fresh returns based on packout rates.

  The example describes a delivery of 1,000 boxes with a packout rate of 60% (0.60 in decimal format). At this rate, 600 boxes (1,000 X 0.60) are shipped fresh at a price of $9.50 per 1 3/5 bushel box equivalent. The remaining 400 boxes (1,000 X 0.40) are eliminations hauled to a processing facility and receive a price of $1.20. The grower receives $5,700.00 for the fresh portion and $480.00 for the processed portion. Dividing the total amount of $6,180.00 by the total of 1,000 boxes results in a derived price of $6.18 per box.


Sample Calculation of Grower's Return
  Packout Rate Prorated Boxes     On-tree Price   Amount Received Derived
Price
Percent Decimal
Shipped Fresh 60 0 .60 600 X Fresh $9 .50 = $5,700 .00  
Eliminations 40 0 .40 400 X Processed $1 .20 = $480 .00  
Delivered to Packinghouse 100 1 .00 1000         $6,180 .00 $6.18
Calculate Your Return
  Packout Rate Prorated Boxes     On-tree Price   Amount Received Derived
Price
Percent Decimal
Shipped Fresh       X Fresh   =    
Eliminations       X Processed   =    
Delivered to Packinghouse                  


2


2002-03 Florida Weather Highlights, Selected Areas, And Months

  Year 2002 started with cold and dry conditions at the beginning of January, with temperatures dipping twice below 30 degrees. Overall, the cold weather was beneficial to the trees for the bloom period. Early February brought some, but not adequate needed rain. The East Coast was the most fortunate to receive 3 - 4 inches. In mid- February, trees in all areas began to produce feathery new growth, with pin head bloom buds. In late February, cool weather and an abundance of much needed rain arrived, bringing 2 - 5 inches of precipitation in most areas.

  Cool weather continued in early March but temperatures in the low 30s and high 20s were not cold for long enough to damage unharvested fruit. More rain in early March brought on healthy blooms in many areas, with virtually all trees showing new growth and development. The remainder of the month was generally dry and some growers irrigated to keep trees in good condition. Most groves had petal drop with tiny new fruit showing all over the trees. Dry weather at the end of March brought the year's bloom to a conclusion. April showers allowed some growers to discontinue their irrigation. Late April was dryer with warmer weather, reaching the low 90s in some areas.

  Early May was mostly hot and dry. With only average precipitation in most areas, afternoon leaf curl and wilt occurred in many areas not well irrigated. Late May, rainfall picked up with many areas receiving significantly more than historical averages for the month. June continued in the same pattern with numerous rain showers and thunderstorms. Progress on fruit growth looked good as most trees had dropped fruit they could not carry to harvest. Rains carried on into mid -July and August, stimulating growth and producing healthy looking trees with fruit looking healthy and sizing well. By the end of August, most groves had sufficient surplus moisture. Trees of all ages looked good and fruit was in very good condition.

   In September, Tropical Storms Edouard and Hanna brought significant amounts of rain to an already drenched state. The total summer rainfall was far above average going into the new season. October began with the first mild and dry week the state had seen in four months. Moisture was adequate in most groves and temperatures were near perfect for harvesting early fruit. Lakes, ponds, and reservoirs were mostly full going into a much dryer time of year. Temperatures and moisture varied greatly in November, however most areas received adequate rainfall. Foliage on the majority of older trees began turning dark green, while many of the younger trees showed little growth. Overall, groves, trees, and fruit were in good condition.

   The first week of December was mild and dry with still adequate moisture levels in reserve for most areas. The middle weeks of December brought well above average rainfall. Some hard pounding rains and cold weather accompanied the new year. The upper part of the citrus belt received 4 - 6 inches of new moisture. Temperatures the second week of January dropped to the low 30s and upper 20s in some citrus producing areas. Again, Florida avoided any major damage to its citrus crop. The cold temperatures were somewhat beneficial in the fact that they bought hardiness to the trees, preparing them for the winter. The coldest spell of the winter came in late January. There was little icing of the fruit, most of the early and mid oranges had been harvested, and the remainder of the other trees were cold hardy enough to withstand the temperatures.

   February was primarily mild and warm for the entire month. Rainfall was slightly below average throughout the citrus producing counties. Groves and trees were in good condition for the bloom period. In early March, some young Valencia and Navel orange trees showed a lot of open bloom. Warm temperatures throughout the month assisted in a large uniform bloom. Only one relatively mild cold snap would occur in the remainder of the season.

   April was hot and dry. Growers with well cared for groves started irrigating to maintain trees to hold the next season's abundant crop. Irrigation continued until the rains picked up in May. Most trees remained in good condition, while some young trees produced a lot of new growth. June started off with soaking rains in amounts well above the historical average. Rain continued, producing a lot of new growth on already healthy looking trees. In July, growers and caretakers began focusing on the new season with hopes for another good year.

  In the chart below, the 2002-03 monthly rainfall is compared to the historical average which includes data from two stations in each of the five citrus producing areas. The ten stations are: Avon Park (2 W), Arcadia, Clermont (7 S), Clewiston (US Engineers), Immokalee (3 NNW), Lake Alfred (Experiment Station), Orlando (WSO McCoy), Plant City, Stuart (1 N), and Vero Beach (4 W).


00cs03c.gif


Source
: See Page 47 Data Sources, Item 10.


3


Florida Citrus: Production of all citrus since 1923-1924
Crop
year
Type of fruit
Oranges Grape-
fruit
Other Total
  1,000 boxes
1923-24 13,150 8,500 590 22,240
1924-25 10,400 8,900 936 20,236
1925-26 9,500 7,600 730 17,830
1926-27 10,100 8,600 912 19,612
1927-28 8,650 7,500 850 17,000
1928-29 15,000 11,300 1,506 27,806
1929-30 8,950 8,300 858 18,108
1930-31 16,800 15,800 2,408 35,008
1931-32 12,200 10,700 2,009 24,909
1932-33 14,500 11,600 1,910 28,010
1933-34 15,900 10,900 2,012 28,812
1934-35 15,600 15,200 2,015 32,815
1935-36 15,900 11,500 2,112 29,512
1936-37 19,100 18,100 3,045 40,245
1937-38 23,900 14,600 2,370 40,870
1938-39 29,900 23,300 3,495 56,695
1939-40 25,350 15,900 2,745 43,995
1940-41 28,200 24,600 3,180 55,980
1941-42 26,800 19,200 2,650 48,650
1942-43 36,650 27,300 4,925 68,875
1943-44 45,500 31,000 4,490 80,990
1944-45 42,230 22,300 4,670 69,200
1945-46 49,000 32,000 5,200 86,200
1946-47 52,080 26,400 4,790 83,270
1947-48 57,530 29,300 4,440 91,270
1948-49 57,380 30,200 5,520 93,100
1949-50 57,790 24,200 5,970 87,960
1950-51 66,200 33,200 5,980 105,380
1951-52 76,900 33,000 6,060 115,960
1952-53 70,500 32,500 6,920 109,920
1953-54 89,100 40,700 7,070 136,870
1954-55 85,900 34,800 7,998 128,698
1955-56 88,200 38,300 7,935 134,435
1956-57 90,300 37,400 8,020 135,720
1957-58 81,000 31,100 4,300 116,400
1958-59 83,000 35,200 7,800 126,000
1959-60 87,600 30,500 7,470 125,570
1960-61 82,700 31,600 9,940 124,240
1961-62 108,800 34,800 10,210 153,810
1962-63 72,500 30,000 5,250 107,750
Crop
year
Type of fruit
Oranges Grape-
fruit
Other Total
  1,000 boxes
1963-64 54,900 26,300 8,620 89,820
1964-65 82,400 31,900 9,350 123,650
1965-66 95,900 34,900 10,190 140,990
1966-67 139,500 43,600 11,895 194,995
1967-68 100,500 32,900 10,880 144,280
1968-69 129,700 39,900 12,470 182,070
1969-70 137,700 37,400 13,915 189,015
1970-71 142,300 42,900 14,450 199,650
1971-72 137,000 47,000 16,480 200,480
1972-73 169,700 45,400 15,450 230,550
1973-74 165,800 48,100 16,350 230,250
1974-75 173,300 44,600 17,830 235,730
1975-76 181,200 49,100 19,180 249,480
1976-77 186,800 51,500 16,200 254,500
1977-78 167,800 51,400 16,270 235,470
1978-79 164,000 50,000 16,190 230,190
1979-80 206,700 54,800 22,050 283,550
1980-81 172,400 50,300 15,880 238,580
1981-82 125,800 48,100 15,310 189,210
1982-83 139,600 39,400 14,600 193,600
1983-84 116,700 40,900 11,945 169,545
1984-85 103,900 44,000 11,005 158,905
1985-86 119,200 46,750 10,065 176,015
1986-87 119,700 49,800 12,030 181,530
1987-88 138,000 53,850 12,250 204,100
1988-89 146,600 54,750 12,500 213,850
1989-90 110,200 35,700 8,285 154,185
1990-91 151,600 45,100 8,960 205,660
1991-92 139,800 42,400 9,615 191,815
1992-93 186,600 55,150 9,790 251,540
1993-94 174,400 51,050 10,310 235,760
1994-95 205,500 55,700 9,820 271,020
1995-96 203,300 52,350 9,725 265,375
1996-97 226,200 55,800 13,315 295,315
1997-98 244,000 49,550 10,900 304,450
1998-99 186,000 47,050 10,115 243,165
1999-00 233,000 53,400 12,030 298,430
2000-01 223,300 46,000 9,505 278,805
2001-02 230,000 46,700 10,565 287,265
2002-03 203,000 38,700 9,305 251,005


History of Florida's Citrus Industry

  The citrus tree is a native of the Orient. From there it was carried ever westward by man, to India, to the Mediterranean, and on across the Atlantic. Citrus was brought to the Americas by Columbus. When he landed on November  22, 1493, he brought citrus seeds that were planted on the island of Hispaniola. The first seeds planted on the mainland of the Americas were brought by the expedition of Juan de Grijalva when he landed in Central America between July 12 and July 20, 1518. The exact date of the introduction of citrus trees into Florida is not known, but from a statement made by Pedro Medendez, dated April 2, 1579, it appears that citrus fruits were grown in abundance around St. Augustine at that time.  Early settlers in Florida some two centuries later found wild citrus trees scattered over the State. One of the oldest cultivated groves planted in Florida (Hume, 1926, p. 95) is thought to have been the Don Phillipe grove in Pinellas County, planted sometime between the years of 1809 and 1820. Nearly 1.5 million boxes were shipped in 1887-88, the first season on record. Citrus production in Florida had reached an all time high of more than 5 million boxes when the Great Freeze of 1894-95 almost totally wiped out the citrus industry. It was not until 1909-10 that this level was reached again. In the 2002-03 season, Florida produced 251.0 million boxes representing 74 percent of the Nation's citrus production.


4


Citrus: Bearing acreage and production, by states,
crop years 1983-84 through 2002-03
   Crop   
year
Florida California Texas Arizona United States
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion 1/
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
  1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1983-84 639.8 7,485 259.3 2,783 67.6 235 41.2 329 1,007.9 10,832
1984-85 575.9 7,014 254.5 3,069 30.5 0 38.4 442 899.3 10,525
1985-86 507.8 7,785 252.8 2,930 21.8 23 36.5 320 818.9 11,058
1986-87 514.5 8,009 250.7 3,377 25.5 115 35.5 493 826.2 11,994
1987-88 519.5 9,020 250.7 3,235 27.1 213 35.6 293 832.9 12,761
1988-89 528.7 9,456 253.9 3,163 28.9 271 36.0 296 847.5 13,186
1989-90 534.6 6,823 249.4 3,649 31.7 131 36.1 257 851.8 10,860
1990-91 555.7 9,127 251.0 1,837 8.0 0 35.2 321 849.9 11,285
1991-92 583.6 8,510 254.5 3,522 11.0 4 37.0 416 886.1 12,452
1992-93 639.3 11,175 255.9 3,662 14.5 97 37.7 340 947.4 15,274
1993-94 665.8 10,484 256.5 3,569 18.2 144 37.6 364 978.1 14,561
1994-95 731.7 12,054 263.7 3,267 21.9 230 37.8 248 1,055.1 15,799
1995-96 773.5 11,815 270.0 3,342 25.5 222 34.2 333 1,103.2 15,712
1996-97 815.1 13,156 274.1 3,632 29.1 273 34.2 210 1,152.5 17,271
1997-98 785.9 13,583 274.5 3,744 32.6 256 32.3 187 1,125.3 17,770
1998-99 777.1 10,827 275.2 2,266 29.1 305 30.2 235 1,111.6 13,633
1999-00 762.4 13,305 269.2 3,457 29.1 308 29.2 206 1,089.9 17,276
2000-01 756.0 12,433 268.2 3,197 29.1 383 28.7 203 1,082.0 16,216
2001-02 727.6 12,824 265.5 2,907 29.1 310 28.5 153 1,050.7 16,194
2002-03 718.1 11,206 262.7 3,520 27.1 292 27.3 152 1,035.2 15,170
1/ Does not include lemons. K-Early Citrus Fruit included from 1992-93 through 2001-02. Sunburst tangerines included beginning in 1989-90. Fallglo tangerines included beginning in 1993-94. Lime estimates discontinued after 2001-02.


01cs05c.gif


5


Oranges: Bearing acreage and production, by states,
crop years 1983-84 through 2002-03
   Crop   
year
Florida California Texas Arizona United States
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
  1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1983-84 474.2 5,252 177.1 1,819 24.3 107 12.6 65 688.2 7,243
1984-85 420.1 4,676 175.3 1,966 11.4 0 10.9 77 617.7 6,719
1985-86 367.6 5,364 174.6 2,022 8.3 14 11.0 76 561.5 7,476
1986-87 375.4 5,387 172.9 2,172 10.3 37 10.9 101 569.5 7,697
1987-88 380.2 6,210 172.6 2,212 11.1 61 10.6 68 574.5 8,551
1988-89 388.7 6,597 177.6 2,209 12.0 79 10.4 64 588.7 8,949
1989-90 399.5 4,959 175.1 2,676 13.0 51 10.2 59 597.8 7,745
1990-91 420.9 6,822 178.4 960 3.5 0 9.9 66 612.7 7,848
1991-92 444.4 6,291 181.8 2,528 3.5 1 10.4 89 640.1 8,909
1992-93 489.2 8,397 184.0 2,505 4.4 21 10.6 69 688.2 10,992
1993-94 510.8 7,849 185.0 2,385 5.5 24 10.6 71 711.9 10,329
1994-95 562.8 9,248 191.0 2,101 7.0 44 10.4 39 771.2 11,432
1995-96 594.8 9,149 196.0 2,175 7.9 40 9.4 62 808.1 11,426
1996-97 624.9 10,179 200.0 2,400 8.7 60 10.0 53 843.6 12,692
1997-98 609.2 10,980 200.2 2,587 9.5 65 9.1 38 828.0 13,670
1998-99 612.6 8,370 201.5 1,350 9.1 61 6.9 43 830.1 9,824
1999-00 602.1 10,485 195.5 2,400 9.1 71 6.2 41 812.9 12,997
2000-01 605.0 10,049 194.5 2,043 9.1 95 6.4 34 815.0 12,221
2001-02 586.9 10,350 193.0 1,931 9.1 74 6.4 19 795.4 12,374
2002-03 587.6 9,135 191.5 2,325 8.6 67 5.8 18 793.5 11,545

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6


Grapefruit: Bearing acreage and production, by states,
crop years 1983-84 through 2002-03
   Crop   
year
Florida Texas California Arizona United States
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion 1/
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion 2/
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion 2/
Bearing
acreage
Produc-
tion
  1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1,000
acres
1,000
tons
1983-84 119.6 1,738 43.3 128 21.9 238 6.8 80 191.6 2,184
1984-85 115.5 1,870 19.1 0 21.1 289 7.1 107 162.8 2,266
1985-86