2006 Agricultural Chemical Use Estimates for Winter and Spring
Wheat
 |
For immediate release: May 16, 2007
For more information please contact: Jodie Sprague at 1-800-835-2612.
|
| |
| The agricultural chemical use estimates in this report refer to on-farm
use of commercial fertilizers and pesticides on targeted field crops for
the 2006 crop year. Farm operators were enumerated late in the growing
season after the farm operator had indicated that planned applications
were completed. The chemical use data were not summarized for geographical
areas other than by those States published in this report. |
| |
|
Winter Wheat Fertilizer and Pesticide Use by State, 2006, Percent
of Total Acres Treated and Total Applied, Program States |
| State |
Planted
Acreage |
Percent
of Acres Treated with Fertilizer
and Total Applied
|
Percent
of Acres Treated with Pesticides
and Total Applied
|
| Nitrogen
|
Phosphate
|
Potash
|
Sulfur
|
Herbicide
|
Insecticide
|
Fungicide
|
| Thou
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
1,000 Lbs
|
Pct
|
1,000 Lbs
|
Pct
|
1,000 Lbs
|
CO
ID
IL
KS
MI
MO
MT
NE
OH
OK
OR
SD
TX
WA |
2,150
750
930
9,800
660
1,000
1,950
1,800
990
5,700
760
1,450
5,550
1,850
|
54
93
93
88
98
97
87
75
98
89
95
82
44
99
|
36.8
80.9
82.1
493.0
57.6
90.7
96.8
73.3
86.2
283.4
46.2
78.7
152.1
140.8
|
36
66
76
66
74
73
84
57
84
65
12
57
29
36
|
13.5
13.7
49.8
197.5
22.2
35.5
46.2
34.0
53.0
130.9
2.8
28.1
47.3
12.0
|
1/
16
76
8
85
74
31
4
82
8
10
15
8
10
|
2.2
68.4
29.0
33.9
44.8
9.9
1.4
57.5
9.8
1.4
4.7
20.8
3.5
|
4
63
3
5
37
12
12
13
23
1/
48
12
11
71
|
0.7
9.6
0.5
5.3
3.0
1.8
2.0
1.9
7.2
4.9
1.1
5.3
18.0
|
54
84
46
53
71
28
92
56
44
20
87
74
22
94
|
1,018
349
62
2,600
148
49
2,315
399
93
495
366
749
1,299
1,077
|
1/
1/
1/
1/
3
12
1/
1/
7
1/
1/
4
1/
|
2/
12
138
92
|
5
6
23
6
1/
4
1/
3
21
2
|
3
7
17
10
8
3
27
5
|
| Total |
35,340
|
80
|
1,798.6
|
57
|
686.5
|
17
|
288.5
|
14
|
66.4
|
49
|
11,019
|
3
|
315
|
2
|
86
|
| 1/ Insufficient
reports to publish data. 2/ Total applied is less than 50 lbs. |
|
| |
| Durum Wheat Fertilizer and Pesticide
Use by State, 2006, Percent of Total Acres Treated and Total Applied,
Program States |
| State
|
Planted
Acreage
|
Percent of Acres
Treated with Fertilizer
and Total Applied
|
Percent of Acres
Treated with Pesticides
and Total Applied
|
| Nitrogen
|
Phosphate
|
Potash
|
Sulfur
|
Herbicide
|
Insecticide
|
Fungicide
|
| Thou
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
1,000 Lbs
|
Pct
|
1,000 Lbs
|
Pct
|
1,000 Lbs
|
MT
ND |
400
1,300
|
93
92
|
20.6
77.4
|
82
71
|
7.3
21.3
|
8
7
|
0.3
0.8
|
4
4
|
0.1
0.1
|
89
97
|
250
862
|
1/
|
|
1/
1/
|
|
| Total |
1,700
|
92
|
98.0
|
74
|
28.6
|
7
|
1.1
|
4
|
0.3
|
95
|
1,112
|
1/
|
|
5
|
6
|
| 1/ Insufficient reports
to publish data. |
|
| |
| Other Spring Wheat Fertilizer and
Pesticide Use by State, 2006, Percent of Total Acres Treated and
Total Applied, Program States |
| State
|
Planted
Acreage
|
Percent of Acres
Treated with Fertilizer
and Total Applied
|
Percent of Acres
Treated with Pesticides
and Total Applied
|
| Nitrogen
|
Phosphate
|
Potash
|
Sulfur
|
Herbicide
|
Insecticide
|
Fungicide
|
| Thou
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
Mil Lbs
|
Pct
|
1,000 Lbs
|
Pct
|
1,000 Lbs
|
Pct
|
1,000 Lbs
|
ID
MN
MT
ND
SD
WA |
490
1,700
2,950
7,300
1,850
430
|
96
99
86
99
90
100
|
60.7
148.5
129.5
504.6
119.4
43.6
|
56
97
81
88
80
60
|
9.5
64.0
57.7
202.2
55.6
4.7
|
25
72
21
21
22
9
|
3.5
31.6
9.0
13.0
11.9
1.6
|
59
2
10
11
10
89
|
8.5
0.4
2.5
4.3
3.5
6.4
|
95
96
91
95
84
96
|
272
952
2,172
4,723
943
261
|
8
5
1/
11
|
9
12
19
|
12
40
1/
14
24
12
|
6
45
88
31
5
|
| Total |
14,720
|
95
|
1,006.2
|
85
|
393.7
|
27
|
70.4
|
13
|
25.7
|
93
|
9,323
|
1
|
40
|
15
|
175
|
| 1/ Insufficient reports
to publish data. |
|
| |
Survey and Estimation Procedures
Survey Procedures: Data for rice, soybeans, organic soybeans, durum wheat,
other spring wheat, and winter wheat were collected on two 2006 surveys,
the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) and the Conservation
Effects Assessment Project (CEAP).
Data collection for the ARMS and CEAP surveys occurred during the months
of September through December 2006 and only those CEAP samples that matched
the ARMS crops and states were included. Data collection and sampling
procedures were similar for both the ARMS and CEAP surveys. ARMS screening
samples were drawn from the NASS List Sampling Frame. This extensive sampling
frame covers all types of farms and accounts for approximately 90 percent
of all land in farms in the united States. All farms on the list had a
possibility of being selected for the screening sample. Farms thought
to have the crops of interest were more likely to be in the screening
sample. Sampled farms were screened to determine if they grew the target
crops in 2006. From this subpopulation of operations identified as producing
a crop of interest, a subsample of farms was selected in such a way as
to insure that each identified producer had an opportunity to be selected.
In general, larger farms were more likely to be selected than smaller
farms. Once a farm producing rice, soybeans, organic soybeans, durum wheat,
other spring wheat, or winter wheat was selected, one field was randomly
chosen from all the fields on the farm. The operator of the sampled field
was personally interviewed to obtain information on chemical applications
made to the selected field. The CEAP was a nationwide, area-based sample
survey based on the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)National
Resources Inventory (NRI) points. CEAP samples which reported a commodity
of interest which matched the ARMS commodities were combined with the
ARMS data for use in this publication.
Terms and Definitions
Active ingredient: The specific chemical which kills or controls the target
pest(s). Usage data are reported by pesticide product and are converted
to an amount of active ingredient. A single method of conversion has been
chosen for active ingredients having more than one way of being converted.
For example in this report, copper compounds are expressed in their metallic
copper equivalent, and others such as 2,4-D and glyphosate are expressed
in their salt and acid equivalent.
Application Rates: Refer to the average number of pounds of a fertilizer
primary nutrient or pesticide active ingredient applied to an acre of
land. Rate per application is the average number of pounds applied per
acre in one application. Rate per crop year is the average number of pounds
applied per acre counting multiple applications. Number of applications
is the average number of times a treated acre received a specific primary
nutrient or active ingredient.
Area applied: Represents the percentage of crop acres receiving one or
more applications of a specific primary nutrient or active ingredient.
Avoidance: May be practiced when pest populations exist in a field or
site but the impact of the pest on the crop can be avoided through some
cultural practice. Examples of avoidance tactics include crop rotation
such that the crop of choice is not a host for the pest, choosing cultivars
with genetic resistance to pests, using trap crops, choosing cultivars
with maturity dates that may allow harvest before pest populations develop,
fertilization programs to promote rapid crop development, and simply not
planting certain areas of fields where pest populations are likely to
cause crop failure. Some tactics for prevention and avoidance strategies
may overlap.
Beneficial Insects: Insects collected and introduced into locations because
of their value in biologic control as prey on harmful insects and parasites.
Chemigation: Application of an agricultural chemical by injecting it into
irrigation water. Common name: An officially recognized name for an active
ingredient. This report shows active ingredient by common name.
Crop year: Refers to the period immediately following harvest of the previous
crop through harvest of the current crop.
Cultivar: A horticulturally or agriculturally derived variety of a plant,
as distinguished from a natural variety.
Farm: Any establishment from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products
were sold or would normally be sold during the year. Government payments
are included in sales. Places with all acreage enrolled in set aside or
other government programs are considered to be a farm. Fertilizer: Refers
to applications of the primary nutrients; nitrogen, phosphate, and potash.
Fungi: A lower form of parasitic plant life which often reduces crop production
and/or lowers the grade quality of its host.
Land in Farms: All land operated as part of a farming operation during
the year. It includes crop and livestock acreage, wasteland, woodland,
pasture, land in summer fallow, idle cropland, and land enrolled in the
Conservation Reserve Program and other set-aside, conservation, or commodity
acreage programs. It excludes public, industrial, and grazing association
land, and nonagricultural land. It also excludes all land operated by
establishments not qualifying as farms.
Mechanism of Action (MOA): The method/biological pathway the pesticide
uses to kill the pest. Monitoring: Includes proper identification of pests
through systematic sampling or counting or other forms of scouting. Also,
weather monitoring to predict levels of pest populations or to determine
the most effective time to make pesticide applications, and soil testing
where appropriate.
Nematodes: Microscopic, worm-shaped parasitic animals. Damage to many
crops can be severe.
Pesticides: As defined by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide
Act (FIFRA), pesticides include any substance or mixture of substances
intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest,
and any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant
regulator, defoliant, or desiccant. The four classes of pesticides presented
in this report and the pests targeted are: herbicides - weeds, insecticides
- insects, fungicides - fungi, and other chemicals - other forms of life.
Miticides and nematicides are included as insecticides while soil fumigants,
growth regulators, defoliants, and desiccants are included as other chemicals.
Pheromone: A chemical substance produced by an insect which serves as
a stimulus to other individuals of the same species for one or more behavioral
responses.
Prevention: The practice of keeping a pest population from infesting a
crop or field. It includes such tactics as using pest-free seeds or transplants,
alternative tillage approaches such as no-till or strip-till systems,
choosing cultivars with genetic resistance to insects or disease, irrigation
scheduling to avoid situations conducive to disease development, cleaning
tillage and harvesting equipment between fields or operations, using field
sanitation procedures, and eliminating alternate hosts or sites for insect
pests and disease organisms.
Suppression: Tactics include cultural practices such as narrow row spacings
or optimized in-row plant populations, using cover crops or mulches, or
using crops with allelopathic potential in the rotation. Physical suppression
tactics may include cultivation or mowing for weed control, baited or
pheromone traps for certain insects, and temperature management or exclusion
devices for insect and disease management. Biological pesticides and controls,
including mating disruption for insects, can be considered as alternatives
to conventional pesticides. Determining pest thresholds and alternating
pesticide active ingredients to avoid resistance buildup are suppression
methods which minimize pesticide use.
Trade name: A trademark name given to a specific formulation of a pesticide
product. A formulation contains a specific concentration of the active
ingredient, carrier materials, and other ingredients such as emulsifiers
and wetting agents. |
| |
| Winter Wheat: Agricultural Chemical
Applications, Montana, 2006 1/ |
| Agricultural Chemical |
Area Applied |
Applications |
Rate per Application |
ate per Crop Year |
Total Applied |
| Fertilizer |
Percent |
Number |
Pounds per Acre |
Mil Lbs |
Nitrogen
Phosphate
Potash
Sulfur |
87
84
31
12
|
1.6
1.0
1.0
1.0
|
36
28
16
8
|
57
28
16
8
|
96.8
46.2
9.9
2.0
|
| Herbicide |
Percent |
Number |
Pounds per Acre |
1,000 Lbs |
2,4-D, 2-EHE
2,4-D, dimeth. salt
2,4-D, isoprop. salt
Bromoxynil octanoate
Chlorsulfuron
Clodinafop-propargil
Dicamba
Dicamba, digly salt
Dicamba, dimet. salt
Dicamba, sodium salt
Glyphosate iso. salt
MCPA, 2-ethylhexyl
Metsulfuron-methyl
Sulfosulfuron
Thifensulfuron
Triasulfuron
Tribenuron-methyl |
54
10
17
11
5
6
5
8
8
4
63
8
24
9
19
8
22
|
1.5
1.1
2.4
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.3
1.1
2.7
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.0
|
0.321
0.254
0.050
0.214
0.006
0.035
0.060
0.097
0.084
0.081
0.417
0.274
0.002
0.032
0.006
0.010
0.004
|
0.467
0.285
0.121
0.214
0.006
0.035
0.060
0.097
0.112
0.093
1.131
0.274
0.002
0.032
0.006
0.012
0.004
|
491
53
39
47
1
4
6
16
18
7
1,379
42
1
6
2
2
2
|
| 1/ Planted acreage
for Montana in 2006 was
1.95 million acres. |
|
| |
| Durum Wheat: Agricultural Chemical
Applications, Montana, 2006 1/ |
| Agricultural Chemical |
Area Applied |
Applications |
Rate per Application |
Rate per Crop Year |
Total Applied |
| Fertilizer |
Percent |
Number |
Pounds per Acre |
Mil Lbs |
Nitrogen
Phosphate
Potash
Sulfur |
93
82
8
4
|
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
|
38
22
10
8
|
56
22
10
8
|
20.6
7.3
0.3
0.1
|
| Herbicide |
Percent |
Number |
Pounds per Acre |
1,000 Lbs |
2,4-D, 2-EHE
2,4-D, dimeth. salt
2,4-D, isoprop. salt
Bromoxynil octanoate
Clodinafop-propargil
Dicamba
Dicamba, digly salt
Dicamba, dimet. salt
Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl
Fluroxypyr
Fluroxypyr 1-MHE
Glyphosate iso. salt
MCPA, 2-ethylhexyl
Thifensulfuron
Tribenuron-methyl
Trifluralin |
30
20
10
9
29
11
9
28
18
5
3
40
23
8
13
11
|
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.0
|
0.292
0.235
0.042
0.221
0.038
0.094
0.071
0.061
0.046
0.105
0.084
0.374
0.243
0.009
0.005
0.333
|
0.314
0.253
0.049
0.264
0.038
0.098
0.079
0.064
0.046
0.105
0.084
0.402
0.271
0.011
0.005
0.333
|
37
20
2
10
4
4
3
7
3
2
1
64
25
2/
2/
15
|
| 1/ Planted acreage
for Montana in 2006 was
400 thousand acres. 2/ Total applied is less than 500 lbs. |
|
| |
| Other Spring Wheat: Agricultural Chemical
Applications, Montana, 2006 1/ |
| Agricultural Chemical |
Area Applied |
Applications |
Rate per Application |
Rate per Crop Year |
Total Applied |
| Fertilizer |
Percent |
Number |
Pounds per Acre |
Mil Lbs |
Nitrogen
Phosphate
Potash
Sulfur |
86
81
21
10
|
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
|
35
24
15
9
|
51
24
15
9
|
129.5
57.7
9.0
2.5
|
| Herbicide |
Percent |
Number |
Pounds per Acre |
1,000 Lbs |
2,4-D, 2-EHE
2,4-D, dimeth. salt
2,4-D, isoprop. salt
Bromoxynil octanoate
Clodinafop-propargil
Dicamba
Dicamba, digly salt
Dicamba, dimet. salt
Dicamba, sodium salt
Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl
Fluroxypyr
Glyphosate iso. salt
MCPA, 2-ethylhexyl
MCPA, isooctyl ester
Metsulfuron-methyl
Pinoxaden
Thifensulfuron
Triasulfuron
Tribenuron-methyl |
47
13
8
16
23
10
17
7
6
7
7
43
13
3
11
1
12
8
14
|
1.1
1.1
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.0
1.2
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.7
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
|
0.310
0.280
0.061
0.225
0.038
0.035
0.083
0.070
0.066
0.035
0.053
0.430
0.247
0.234
0.003
0.062
0.011
0.017
0.005
|
0.351
0.309
0.122
0.225
0.038
0.051
0.083
0.083
0.066
0.035
0.053
0.738
0.247
0.234
0.003
0.062
0.011
0.017
0.005
|
488
123
28
109
26
15
42
17
12
7
11
945
94
21
1
2
4
4
2
|
| 1/ Planted acreage
for Montana in 2006 was
2.95 million acres. |
|
| |
Trade Names, Common Names, and Classes
The following is a list of common names of active ingredients with the
associated class and trade name. The classes are herbicides (H), insecticides
(I), fungicides (F). This list is provided as an aid in reviewing pesticide
data. Pre-mixes are not listed. The list is not complete and NASS does
not mean to imply use of any specific trade name. |
| |
| Class |
Common Name |
Trade Name |
| H |
24-D 2-EHE |
2,4-D L.V. 4 Ester (3.84
lbs/ g), 2,4-D LV4 (3.80 lbs/ g), 2,4-D LV6, 2,4-D Lo-V Este Agsco
400 (EC), Agsco B-4, Barrage, Barrage HF, Double Up B+D, LV 400
2,4-D Weed Killer, Low Vol 4 Ester Weed Killer, Maestro D, Outlaw
(aka Bushwhacker), Salvo, Starane+Salvo, Turret, WECO MAX, Weed
Pro 6lb., Weedone LV4 Solventless |
| H |
24-D dimeth. salt |
2,4-D Amine, 2,4-D Amine
4, 2,4-D Amine 6, Banvel + 2,4-D, Brash, Formula 40, Hi-Dep, Range
Star, Rifle-D, Saber, Savage, Weedar 64, Weedaxe, Weedmaster |
| H |
24-D isoprop. salt |
RT Master |
| H |
Bromoxynil octanoate |
Agsco B-4, Bison, Bison Advanced,
Bromox/ MCPA 2-2, Bronate (4EC), Bronate (Bronate Pro #2), Bronate
Advanced, Brox 2EC, Brox-M, Buctril 4EC, Connect 20 WSP, Double
Up B+D, HBN Plus, Maestro D Maestro MA, Rhino, WECO MAX |
| H |
Chlorsulfuron |
Finesse, Glean FC (75DF) |
| H |
Clodinafop-propargil |
Discover, Discover NG |
| H |
Dicamba |
Banvel SGF (2EC), Oracle
Dicamba Agricultural Herbicide, Outlaw (aka Bushwhacker) |
| H |
Dicamba digly salt |
Clarity |
| H |
Dicamba dimet. salt |
Banvel (4L), Banvel + 2,4-D,
Brash, Diablo, Range Star, Rifle, Rifle-D, Sterling,
Weedmaster |
| H |
Dicamba sodium salt |
Dicamba SG, Rave |
| H |
Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl |
Cheyenne FM (container #2),
Puma 1EC (Bronate Pro #1), Tiller EC, Whip 360 |
| H |
Fluroxypyr |
Starane EC |
| H |
Fluroxypyr 1-MHE |
CleanWave, Starane + Sword,
Starane+Salvo, WideMatch, WideMatch M |
| H |
Glyphosate iso. salt |
Alecto 41S, Backdraft, Buccaneer,
Buccaneer Plus, ClearOut 41 Plus, Cornerstone, Credit, Credit Duo,
Credit Duo Extra, Durango, Extreme, Fallow Master, Genesis, Genesis
Extra Broad Spectrum, Gly Star Plus, Gly-4 Plus, Glyfos X-TRA, Glyphomax,
Glyphomax Plus, Glyphomax XRT, Glyphosate 4 (Turf & Ornamental),
Glyphosate Original, Grandslam 4XS, Helosate Plus, Hi-Yield Killzall,
Honcho, Honcho Plus, Imitator Plus, Mad Dog Glyphosate, Mirage (4EC),
Mirage Plus, RT 3 Herbicide, RT Master, Rascal, Rascal Plus, Roundup
Custom, Roundup D-Pak, Roundup Export, Roundup Original, Roundup
Original II, Roundup Original Max, Roundup Pro (T & O), Roundup
Ultra, Roundup Ultra Max, Roundup Weather Max, Silhouette Herbicide,
StrikeOut Extra, Supersate, Wise Up Plus Glyphosate Herbicide |
| H |
MCPA 2-ethylhexyl |
Agsco MXL, Bison Advanced,
Bromox/ MCPA 2-2, Bronate (4EC), Bronate (Bronate Pro #2), Bronate
Advanced, Brox-M, Cheyenne FM (container #2), Curtail M (EC), Dagger
HBN Plus, MCP 4 Ester, MCPE Phenoxy, Maestro MA, Rhino, See MCPA
Ester, Solve MCPA Ester, Starane + Sword, Sword, WideMatch M, WildCard |
| H |
MCPA isooctyl ester |
Bison |
| H |
Metsulfuron-methyl |
Ally Extra, Ally XP (60DF), Finesse,
Metsulfuron 60ED AG, Purestand DF, Valuron 60DF |
| H |
Pinoxaden |
Axial (For Wheat & Barley) |
| H |
Sulfosulfuron |
Maverick |
| H |
Thifensulfuron |
Affinity BroadSpec Herbicide,
Affinity Tankmix, Ally Extra, Harmony Extra XP, Harmony GT XP, Synchrony
STS, Synchrony XP |
| H |
Triasulfuron |
Amber, Rave |
| H |
Tribenuron-methyl |
Affinity BroadSpec Herbicide,
Affinity Tankmix, Ally Extra, Canopy EX, Express XP (DF), Harmony
Extra XP |
| H |
Trifluralin |
Buckle (G), Treflan 4L, Treflan
5 (EC), Treflan E.C., Treflan HFP, Treflan TR-10, Tri-4, Trifluralin
4EC, Trilin, Trilin 10G, Trust 4EC |
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