in-crop-weather State Indiana Crop Weather Week Ending Date November 6, 2005 Issue IN-CW4505 Agricultural Summary Several farmers have now finished harvesting both corn and soybeans, according to the Indiana Field Office of USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service. With harvest winding down, other field activities that continue are fall tillage, spreading of fertilizer and lime and applications of fall herbicides. Some farmers continue to visit FSA offices to lock in Loan Deficiency Payments. Field Crops Report There were 5.6 days suitable for field work. Eighty-nine percent of the corn has been harvested compared with 85 percent for last year and 82 percent for the average. By area, 89 percent of the corn acreage is harvested in the north, 88 percent in the central region, and 93 percent in the south. Moisture content of harvested corn is averaging about 16 percent. Ninety-six percent of the soybean acreage has been harvested compared with 93 percent last year and 94 percent for the average. By area, 98 percent of the soybean acreage is harvested in the north, 97 percent in the central region, and 92 percent in the south. Moisture content of harvested soybeans is averaging about 12 percent. Ninety-eight percent of the winter wheat acreage has been planted compared with 87 percent last year and 94 percent for the average. Eighty-seven percent of the winter wheat acreage has emerged compared with 77 percent last year and 80 percent for the average. Livestock, Pasture and Range Report Fall Pastures continue to improve, helped by the recent rain showers. Livestock remain in mostly good condition. Feeding of hay has started on a few livestock farms. Crop Progress Table ----------------------------------------------------- : This : Last : Last : 5-Year Crop : Week : Week : Year : Avg ----------------------------------------------------- Percent Corn Harvested 89 80 85 82 Soybeans Harvested 96 93 93 94 Winter Wheat Planted 98 94 87 94 Winter Wheat Emerged 87 74 77 80 Crop Condition Table ---------------------------------------------------------- : Very : : : : Excel- Crop : Poor : Poor : Fair : Good : lent ---------------------------------------------------------- Percent Wheat 0 2 19 65 14 Soil Moisture & Days Suitable for Fieldwork Table -------------------------------------- : This : Last : Last : : Week : Week : Year : -------------------------------------- Percent Topsoil Very Short 4 4 0 Short 21 17 2 Adequate 72 77 71 Surplus 3 2 27 Subsoil Very Short 11 10 1 Short 29 27 10 Adequate 59 62 79 Surplus 1 1 10 Days Suitable 5.6 5.6 2.9 Contact information --Greg Preston, Director --Andy Higgins, Agricultural Statistician E-Mail Address: nass-in@nass.usda.gov http://www.nass.usda.gov/in/index.htm --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Agricultural Comments And News LODGING IN CORN: STALK VS. ROOT LODGING This year we are hearing more about lodging problems in corn than we have in several years. Lodging seems more widespread in southwest Ohio because many corn fields in this part of the state experienced greater drought stress. When using the term 'lodging' it's important to know what's being referred to, especially with regard to hybrid selection decisions. University and seed company agronomists characterize plants with stalks broken below the ear as 'stalk lodged' plants. In the Ohio Corn Performance Test (and in other state corn tests and seed company trials), the number of broken stalks in each test plot is determined just prior to harvest and only those plants with a stalk broken below the ear are considered stalk lodged. Stalk lodging is recorded at harvest because it's usually not evident prior to maturity. Stalk lodging is reported as a percentage of final plant stand. Stalk lodging at two of our test sites in southwest Ohio this year may average as high as 30%. In contrast to stalk lodging, agronomists describe corn stalks leaning 30 degrees or more form the center, as 'root lodged' plants; broken stalks are not involved. Root lodging can occur as early as the late vegetative stages and as late as harvest maturity. Both stalk and root lodging can be affected by hybrid susceptibility, environmental stress (drought), insect and disease injury. Root lodging is frequently attributed to western rootworm injury. However, much root lodging in Ohio occurs as the result of other factors, i.e. when a hybrid susceptible to root lodging is hit by a severe windstorm. A hybrid may be particularly sensitive to root lodging yet very resistant to stalk lodging. A corn field may exhibit extensive root lodging in July but show little or no evidence of root lodging at harvest maturity in September (except for a slight "goose necking" at the base of the plant). As a result, while stalk lodging data is regularly included in corn hybrid test results, root lodging is reported less often. Peter Thomison, The Ohio State University Crop Observation and Recommendation Network by The Agronomic Crops Team Newsletter. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- SEED DECISIONS FOR 2006 - THE PATHOLOGISTS PERSPECTIVE It is time to begin to peruse the company catalogues, websites and flyers to start deciding which varieties or hybrids to plant in your fields next year. When making these decisions, how a variety or hybrid yields should be one of the last points to consider in the process. We did not say that it should not be considered at all, but rather, it should be fairly far down on the list. The first questions that we feel you should ask are, "What problems have occurred in this field? Does this field to be planted to soybeans have a history of Phytophthora, soybean cyst nematode, brown stem rot, Sclerotinia, and/or seedling replant problems? Or does this corn field have a history of seedling replant problems, gray leaf spot or northern corn leaf blight?" All of these disease problems can occur in any given year - what limits them is the environment. So the best and most cost effective means to manage these diseases is to have a resistant variety already in the field when that disease's favorable environment develops. For example for fields with replant and late season Phytophthora stem rot - choosing a variety that has an Rps gene (Rps1c, Rps1k, Rps3 or combination) PLUS high levels of field resistance (tolerance, partial resistance) is required to provide the best season long protection. For corn, northern corn leaf blight has moved into the state, although it was a late comer during 2005. Choosing corn hybrids with resistance to this pathogen is now essential. As you peruse the literature - keep in mind what has been limiting your yields - then chose the resistance package to manage it - in a high yielding variety or hybrid. Anne Dorrance and Pierce Paul, The Ohio State University Crop Observation and Recommendation Network by The Agronomic Crops Team Newsletter. The INDIANA CROP & WEATHER REPORT (USPS 675-770), (ISSN 0442-817X) is issued weekly April through November by the USDA, NASS, Indiana Field Office, 1435 Win Hentschel Blvd, Suite B105, West Lafayette IN 47906-4145. Second Class postage paid at Lafayette IN. For information on subscribing, send request to above address. POSTMASTER: Send address change to the USDA, NASS, Indiana Field Office, 1435 Win Hentschel Blvd, Suite B105, West Lafayette IN 47906-4145. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Weather Information Table Week ending Sunday November 6, 2005 ----------------------------------------------------- | Past Week Weather Summary Data |--------------------------------- Station | Air | | Avg | Temperature | Precip. |4 in. |---------------|------------|Soil |Hi |Lo |Avg|DFN| Total|Days |Temp ----------------------------------------------------- Northwest (1) | Chalmers_5W |72 31 54 +6 1.07 4 Valparaiso_AP_I |71 37 57 +11 0.80 2 Wanatah |72 34 54 +10 1.12 2 54 Wheatfield |71 36 54 +10 1.05 3 Winamac |72 36 55 +11 1.13 3 49 North Central(2)| Plymouth |71 37 55 +9 1.16 3 South_Bend |70 38 57 +12 0.76 2 Young_America |70 36 55 +10 0.57 2 Northeast (3) | Columbia_City |71 32 54 +10 0.71 3 51 Fort_Wayne |72 35 57 +11 0.60 2 West Central(4) | Greencastle |72 28 54 +7 0.70 2 Perrysville |74 34 56 +10 1.25 3 51 Spencer_Ag |72 29 55 +9 0.68 3 Terre_Haute_AFB |71 33 57 +9 0.80 3 W_Lafayette_6NW |72 32 55 +9 1.00 3 55 Central (5) | Eagle_Creek_AP |71 34 58 +11 0.66 2 Greenfield |71 33 55 +9 0.97 4 Indianapolis_AP |71 35 58 +10 0.88 2 Indianapolis_SE |71 35 55 +8 0.68 2 Tipton_Ag |70 32 54 +9 0.64 3 48 East Central(6) | Farmland |71 36 55 +10 0.60 3 47 New_Castle |70 34 55 +10 1.05 3 Southwest (7) | Evansville |77 36 61 +11 1.11 3 Freelandville |75 33 57 +9 0.43 3 Shoals |77 28 57 +9 0.32 3 Stendal |76 38 58 +9 0.49 2 Vincennes_5NE |76 34 58 +10 0.40 3 57 South Central(8)| Leavenworth |76 33 57 +9 0.85 3 Oolitic |74 28 56 +9 0.35 4 55 Tell_City |78 38 61 +10 0.62 2 Southeast (9) | Brookville |74 29 55 +9 0.36 2 Milan_5NE |73 33 56 +10 0.48 3 Scottsburg |76 31 58 +9 0.76 2 ---------------------------------------------------- Weather Information Table (Continued) Week ending Sunday November 6, 2005 ------------------------------------------------ Accumulation -------------------------------- April 1, 2005 thru Station November 6, 2005 -------------------------------- Precipitation |GDD Base 50oF -------------------------------- | | | | Total | DFN |Days|Total| DFN ------------------------------------------------- Northwest (1) | Chalmers_5W |22.79 -2.42 67 3588 +367 Valparaiso_AP_I |17.25 -10.63 63 3427 +480 Wanatah |19.96 -6.66 73 3245 +453 Wheatfield |25.71 +0.20 118 3428 +581 Winamac |22.61 -3.08 74 3454 +516 North Central(2)| Plymouth |19.91 -6.62 70 3339 +242 South_Bend |14.56 -11.40 66 3500 +598 Young_America |24.92 -0.15 64 3474 +440 Northeast (3) | Columbia_City |19.66 -5.35 73 3258 +492 Fort_Wayne |18.28 -4.64 69 3471 +421 West Central(4) | Greencastle |31.65 +2.85 62 3459 -7 Perrysville |23.28 -3.47 68 3765 +556 Spencer_Ag |32.68 +3.91 73 3586 +356 Terre_Haute_AFB |23.65 -3.48 67 3825 +386 W_Lafayette_6NW |19.23 -6.12 72 3552 +517 Central (5) | Eagle_Creek_AP |24.12 -1.28 70 3860 +458 Greenfield |36.20 +8.33 85 3562 +296 Indianapolis_AP |25.16 -0.24 66 3929 +527 Indianapolis_SE |28.50 +2.38 70 3582 +187 Tipton_Ag |26.27 +0.02 72 3311 +377 East Central(6) | Farmland |26.52 +1.54 70 3331 +471 New_Castle |29.63 +2.83 65 3233 +300 Southwest (7) | Evansville |24.18 -1.74 61 4334 +364 Freelandville |26.58 -0.30 67 3985 +429 Shoals |27.35 -1.81 79 3977 +529 Stendal |26.27 -2.49 61 4276 +553 Vincennes_5NE |30.11 +3.23 69 4169 +613 South Central(8)| Leavenworth |26.50 -2.85 70 4060 +637 Oolitic |25.86 -2.24 71 3694 +418 Tell_City |25.50 -3.85 52 4511 +659 Southeast (9) | Brookville |24.67 -2.27 66 3794 +695 Milan_5NE |28.60 +1.66 101 3691 +592 Scottsburg |27.09 -0.60 76 3911 +372 ------------------------------------------------------------------ DFN = Departure From Normal (Using 1961-90 Normals Period). GDD = Growing Degree Days. Precipitation (Rainfall or melted snow/ice) in inches. Precipitation Days = Days with precip of .01 inch or more. Air Temperatures in Degrees Fahrenheit. Copyright 2005: Agricultural Weather Information Service, Inc. All rights reserved. The above weather information is provided by AWIS, Inc. For detailed ag weather forecasts and data visit the AWIS home page at: www.awis.com