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1997 KANSAS GRAIN
TRANSPORTATION

KANSAS AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS
Kansas Department of Agriculture
632 SW Van Buren, Rm. 200, PO Box 3534
Topeka, KS 66601-3534
Phone: 785-233-2230

DATA FOR 1997 CROP
AND
HISTORICAL DATA 1984-1992

KANSAS GRAIN TRANSPORTATION
DATA FOR 1997 CROP
AND
HISTORICAL DATA 1984-1992

COMPILED BY
KANSAS AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS

In Cooperation With
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Kansas Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service
Division of Statistics 632 SW Van Buren, Room 200
P.O. Box 3534
Topeka, Kansas 66601-3534
(785) 233-2230

Dan Kolterman, Agri. Statistician

Eldon J. Thiessen, State Statistician

Dona Schmitz, Research Analyst

Eddie Wells, Deputy State Statistician

Glennis Stock, Statistical Assistant
Candace Thomas and Judy Allison, Editorial Assistants
Dan Blick and David Judd, Reproduction and Distribution

Issued March 1999

FORWARD

This report contains the summary of data reported by Kansas elevator operators in response to the Grain Transportation Survey. It provides basic information on the transportation of the four major grain crops harvested in Kansas during 1997-_wheat, corn, sorghum grain, and soybeans. Historical data for crop years 1984-92 are also included for comparison purposes. A survey of this type was not conducted for the years 1985, 1986, and 1993-96. We welcome comments about these data, the presentation of the reports, and other areas that need exploration.

Special thanks are due to the more than 230 elevator operators who took time to report the data in this publication. Our appreciation also goes to David Frey, Administrator, Kansas Wheat Commission; Gary Gilbert, Assistant Administrator, Kansas Wheat Commission; Gary Bothwell, Kansas Grain Inspection Service, Inc.; and Tom Tunnel, Kansas Grain & Feed Association for their advice and assistance in defining survey content and designing the questionnaire.

KANSAS AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS DISTRICTS

Kansas is divided into nine agricultural statistics districts for convenience in compiling and presenting statistical information on crops and livestock. These nine districts are outlined on the above map. The districts are designated as follows: Northwest (NW), West Central (WC), Southwest (SW), North Central (NC), Central (C), South Central (SC), Northeast (NE), East Central (EC), and Southeast (SE).

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Introduction - Grain Production

Grain Handling and Transportation
	Receipts and Shipments
		All Grain Received and Shipped by Transportation Mode
		Grain Receipts by Transportation Modes
		Grain Shipments by Transportation Mode
		Grain Rail Shipments by Number of Cars
		Major Destinations by Rail
		Major Destinations by Truck
		Major Destinations - Historic
	Grading and Sampling
Grain Quality Adjustments
	Dockage Resulting in Price Discount
	Grain Processing
	Storage Capacity Utilization
	Marketing Decisions
	Rail Service

Kansas Railroad Map
Kansas Grain Stocks, Quarterly

Kansas Grain Prices, Monthly

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INTRODUCTION

Agriculture is one of Kansas' most important industries, of which grain production is a major component. Kansas ranked first in the nation in 1997 wheat production with a State record crop of just over 500 million bushels. Production of grain sorghum in Kansas also ranked number one in the U.S. with over 265 million bushels produced. Kansas had significant production of corn and soybeans in 1997 and ranked eighth in U.S. corn production and tenth in U. S. soybean production.

Final 1997 acreage, yield, and production of wheat, corn, sorghum for grain, and soybeans are presented by Agricultural Statistics Districts in the table below to aide in interpreting the data presented in this report. Also, note that items that should sum to 100 percent may not always equal 100 percent due to rounding.

KANSAS GRAIN PRODUCTION SUMMARY, 1997 CROP

District Acres Harvested, (000) Yield Per Acre, Bu. Production, Bu. (000) Acres Harvested, (000) Yield
Per Acre,
Bu. Production, Bu. (000)

Wheat Corn

NW 1,160 37 42,920 446 126 56,170

WC 1,251 43 52,542 171 134 22,829

SW 1,839 37 68,043 820 181 148,395

NC 1,387 51 70,737 188 114 21,510

C 1,649 53 87,397 78 149 11,598

SC 2,460 49 120,891 285 160 45,655

NE 279 50 13,950 340 105 35,620

EC 290 50 14,500 190 110 20,983

SE 585 52 30,420 82 110 9,040

STATE 10,900 46 501,400 2,600 143 371,800

Sorghum Grain Soybeans

NW 170 70 11,959 19 50 966

WC 237 78 18,527 10 43 417

SW 500 93 31,556 29 48 1,378

NC 580 78 45,171 195 34 6,610

C 540 81 43,906 96 43 4,105

SC 550 77 42,179 190 47 8,954

NE 281 90 25,325 570 36 20,688

EC 220 87 19,071 631 36 20,840

SE 322 85 27,506 610 34 22,995

STATE 3,400 78 265,200 2,350 37 86,950

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GRAIN HANDLING AND TRANSPORTATION

Continual changes in the grain industry and related service industries present numerous challenges for commodity producers and grain companies in determining how to manage the handling and transport of grain. Many of the changes that occur impact not only how business will be conducted but may also affect the very viability of the companies involved.

To gain a better understanding of the present methods used to handle and transport Kansas grain, a survey of all Kansas elevators was conducted in 1998. The survey collected information about the receipts and shipments of the four major grains produced in Kansas and targeted the collection of information that describes practices such grading, sampling, processing, and utilization of rail services. Since the marketing years for wheat, corn, sorghum grain, and soybeans do not coincide, information was obtained for the twelve-month period beginning June 1, 1997 and ending May 31, 1998.

The tables in this section of the report present data at the Agricultural Statistics district and State levels. For this survey, Kansas grain handlers were broken into three sizes groups: small country houses, large country houses, and terminals. Small country houses are non-terminal elevators with less than 1.5 million bushels of storage capacity. Large country houses are non-terminal elevators with capacities of 1.5 million bushels or more. Terminals receive most of their grain from other elevators. For the 1997 Grain Transportation Survey, there were not enough complete reports from terminals received to publish accurate data; however, terminal data is included in State estimates. All country elevators, terminals, and oil seed crushers were contacted by mail. Those not responding were then contacted by telephone.

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RECEIPTS AND SHIPMENTS

Elevators continue to receive most of their grain by truck. For the 1997 crop, truck receipts accounted for 96 percent of the grain received by elevators in Kansas. Truck receipts were particularly dominant at small country elevators, representing 99 percent of total receipts. Large country elevators received 94 percent of all grain by truck.

Most of the grain received at elevators came directly from farmers. For the 1997 grain crops, 77 percent of all grain receipts came directly from farmers. Smaller elevators normally receive a larger percentage of grain directly from farmers. For small country elevators, 94 percent of all grain receipts came directly from farmers. Large country elevators had 69 percent direct shipments from farmers.

The leading mode of transportation for shipment has shifted from rail to truck service with truck shipments representing 58 percent of the grain shipments. Eighty-seven percent of all corn was shipped by truck, followed by soybeans at 77 percent, sorghum grain at 57 percent, and 47 percent for wheat.

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ALL GRAIN RECEIVED AT AND SHIPPED FROM KANSAS ELEVATORS BY DISTRICT, BY TRANSPORT MODE JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
District/ Type of Elevator	Rail	Truck	From Farmers 1/	Origin Outside Kansas	Rail	Truck	Unit Train 2/
	Percent of Total Receipts				Percent of Shipments
NW	-	100	100	10	33	67	15
WC	-	100	93	6	48	52	29
SW	1	99	84	2	34	66	25

NC	-	100	100	-	19	81	2
C	8	92	50	1	64	36	59
SC	-	100	87	1	36	64	18

NE	24	76	91	16	17	83	4
EC	8	92	41	20	62	38	17
SE	1	99	97	8	19	31	4

State	4	96	77	5	42	58	28


Sm Ctry Houses	1	99	94	3	19	81	4
Lrg Ctry Houses	6	94	69	6	53	47	39

See footnotes at bottom of page.

ALL GRAIN RECEIVED AT AND SHIPPED FROM KANSAS ELEVATORS 3/ 4/
BY YEAR, BY TRANSPORT MODE

Crop Year Rail Truck From
Farmers 1/ Origin Outside Kansas Rail Truck Barge Unit Train 2/

Percent of Total Receipts Percent of Total Shipments

1984 17 83 76 NA 53 47 * 19

1987 20 80 68 14 60 40 - 23

1988 28 72 78 11 68 32 * 29

1989 19 81 79 10 60 39 1 21

1990 20 80 80 11 59 41 - 23

1991 13 87 80 8 57 43 * 27

1992 17 83 74 9 57 43 5/ 18

1997 4 96 77 5 42 58 - 28

1/ Percent of truck receipts which were received from farmers. 2/ Also included in Rail. 3/ No data
collected in 1985-86 and 1993-1996. 4/ For years prior to 1997, the data applied to July-June periods.
5/ Data not collected in 1992. * Less than .5 percent.

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GRAINS RECEIVED AT KANSAS ELEVATORS BY DISTRICT, BY TRANSPORT MODE JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
District/ Type of Elevator	Rail	Truck	From Farmers 1/	Origin Outside Kansas	Rail	Truck	From Farmers 1/	Origin Outside Kansas
	Percent of Total Receipts
	Wheat				Corn
NW	-	100	100	11	-	100	100	12
WC	-	100	90	8	-	100	100	2
SW	-	100	75	3	1	99	92	1

NC	-	100	100	-	-	100	100	-
C	8	92	47	1	-	100	98	-
SC	-	100	85	1	-	100	99	-

NE	67	33	97	29	2	98	87	6
EC	7	93	50	-	-	100	60	8
SE	3	97	94	9	-	100	97	4

State	6	94	74	4	1	99	93	3


Sm Ctry Houses	1	99	91	3	2	98	92	5
Lrg Ctry Houses	8	92	66	4	-	100	93	2

	Sorghum Grain				Soybeans
NW	-	100	100	2	-	100	100	-
WC	-	100	100	1	-	100	100	-
SW	-	100	74	5	-	100	60	-

NC	-	100	100	-	-	100	100	-
C	9	91	48	-	-	100	100	-
SC	-	100	85	-	-	100	89	-

NE	3	97	87	14	1	99	100	3
EC	-	100	68	4	11	89	28	35
SE	-	100	100	8	-	100	100	7

State	3	97	76	3	7	93	54	23


Sm Ctry Houses	-	100	98	1	-	100	100	2
Lrg Ctry Houses	5	95	65	3	9	91	39	30

1/ Percent of truck receipts which were received from farmers.

GRAINS RECEIVED AT KANSAS ELEVATORS 1/ 2/ BY YEAR, BY TRANSPORT MODE
Crop/Year	Rail	Truck	From Farmers 3/	Origin Outside Kansas
	Percent of Total Receipts
Wheat

1984	22	78	69	NA
1987	28	72	56	4
1988	35	65	71	10
1989	19	81	79	5
1990	20	80	77	8
1991	16	84	74	5
1992	23	77	71	8
1997	6	94	74	4


Corn

1984	16	84	62	NA
1987	30	70	56	33
1988	16	84	90	15
1989	13	87	90	15
1990	20	80	93	19
1991	5	95	90	10
1992	7	93	77	12
1997	1	99	93	3


Sorghum Grain

1984	8	92	89	NA
1987	7	93	90	5
1988	22	78	84	12
1989	19	81	81	11
1990	16	84	82	11
1991	12	88	86	9
1992	13	87	78	7
1997	3	97	76	3


Soybeans

1984	2	98	86	NA
1987	10	90	72	*
1988	13	87	82	13
1989	22	78	59	27
1990	27	73	74	20
1991	10	90	81	15
1992	11	89	75	19
1997	7	93	54	23

1/ No data collected in 1985-1986 and 1993-1996. 2/ For years prior to
1997, the data applied to July-June periods. 3/ Percent of truck receipts
which were received from farmers. NA-Not available. * Less than .5 percent

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GRAINS SHIPPED FROM KANSAS ELEVATORS BY DISTRICT, BY TRANSPORT MODE JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
District/ Type of Elevator	Rail	Truck	Unit Train 1/	Rail	Truck	Unit Train 1/
	Percent of Total Shipments
	Wheat				Corn
NW	59	41	28	7	93	1
WC	67	33	41	-	100	-
SW	66	34	55	12	88	5

NC	25	75	2	4	96	-
C	64	36	59	4	96	-
SC	38	62	14	8	92	-

NE	15	85	6	11	89	4
EC	77	23	31	71	29	11
SE	22	78	6	4	96	-

State	53	47	36	13	87	4


Sm Ctry Houses	25	75	6	5	95	1
Lrg Ctry Houses	66	34	49	17	83	5

	Sorghum Grain			Soybeans
NW	-	100	-	-	100	-
WC	5	95	2	-	100	-
SW	39	61	25	-	100	-

NC	16	84	1	7	93	-
C	68	32	63	3	97	-
SC	42	58	33	34	66	26

NE	17	83	4	22	78	3
EC	56	44	11	42	58	10
SE	26	74	3	10	90	2

State	43	57	33	23	77	7


Sm Ctry Houses	17	83	3	12	88	1
Lrg Ctry Houses	56	44	47	32	68	13

1/ Included in rail.

GRAINS SHIPPED FROM KANSAS ELEVATORS 1/ 2/ BY YEAR, BY TRANSPORT MODE
Crop/Year	Rail	Truck	Barge 3/	Unit Train 4/
	Percent of Total Receipts
Wheat

1984	79	21	*	29
1987	77	23	-	29
1988	80	20	*	37
1989	69	30	1	22
1990	63	37	-	28
1991	65	34	*	28
1992	68	32		32
1997	53	47	-	36


Corn

1984	46	54	-	22
1987	58	42	-	40
1988	38	62	-	6
1989	32	68	*	11
1990	38	62	-	8
1991	20	80	*	8
1992	33	67		11
1997	13	87	-	4


Sorghum Grain

1984	25	75	-	9
1987	43	57	-	8
1988	61	39	*	26
1989	64	36	*	27
1990	65	35	-	23
1991	58	42	-	32
1992	48	52		19
1997	43	57	-	33


Soybeans

1984	20	80	-	3
1987	39	61	-	28
1988	48	52	*	2
1989	33	67	*	9
1990	48	52	-	14
1991	49	51	-	29
1992	49	51		27
1997	23	77	-	7

1/ No data collected in 1985-1986 or 1993-1996. 2/ For years
prior to 1997, the data applied to July-June periods. 3/ Data not
collected for 1992. 4/ Included in rail. * Less than .5 percent.

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WHEAT RAIL SHIPMENTS FROM ELEVATORS, BY NUMBER OF CARS JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
District	Less Than 24 Cars	24-49 Cars	50 or More Cars
	Percent of Shipments

NW	84	-	16
WC	32	26	42
SW	12	18	70

NC	70	30	-
C	8	29	63
SC	25	42	33

NE	60	-	40
EC	-	-	100
SE	56	-	44

State	22	25	53


Sm Ctry Houses	63	24	13
Lg Ctry Houses	15	26	59

CORN RAIL SHIPMENTS FROM ELEVATORS, BY NUMBER OF CARS
JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998

District Less Than 24 Cars 24-49 Cars 50 or More Cars

Percent of Shipments

NW 100 - -

WC - - -

SW - 81 19

NC 100 - -

C 100 - -

SC 100 - -

NE 100 - -

EC - 86 14

SE - - 100

State 18 68 14

Sm Ctry Houses 69 27 4

Lg Ctry Houses 12 72 16

SORGHUM RAIL SHIPMENTS FROM ELEVATORS, BY NUMBER OF CARS
JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998

District Less Than 24 Cars 24-49 Cars 50 or More Cars

Percent of Shipments

NW - - -

WC 35 65 -

SW 33 52 15

NC 52 48 -

C 3 38 59

SC 3 23 74

NE 63 - 37

EC - 84 16

SE 26 - 74

State 10 38 52

Sm Ctry Houses 50 28 22

Lg Ctry Houses 4 39 57

SOYBEAN RAIL SHIPMENTS FROM ELEVATORS, BY NUMBER OF CARS
JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998

District Less Than 24 Cars 24-49 Cars 50 or More Cars

Percent of Shipments

NW - - -

WC - - -

SW - - -

NC 44 56 -

C 100 - -

SC 5 95 -

NE 84 - 16

EC - 20 80

SE 78 - 22

State 28 30 42

Sm Ctry Houses 74 6 20

Lg Ctry Houses 10 39 51

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MAJOR DESTINATIONS BY RAIL JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
By Districts											By Type of Elevator
Crop/Destination	NW	WC	SW	NC	C	SC	NE	EC	SE	State	Small Ctry Houses	Large Ctry Houses
	Percent of Total Shipments 2/
Wheat 1/
Atchison, Kansas			0 .5	3 .5			2 .9			0 .3	1 .2	0 .1
Hutchinson, Kansas		20 .4	3 .6		0 .9	7 .5				5 .7	4 .6	5 .9
Kansas City,KS & MO	28 .8	22 .6	9 .9	59 .5	11.9	1 .3	59 .8		53 .9	15 .5	36 .3	11 .8
Salina, Kansas	42 .5	2 .8		21 .7	1 .3					4 .2	14 .2	2 .3
Topeka, Kansas			0 .5	12 .2		0 .8	9 .6			0 .8	4 .0	0 .3
Wichita, Kansas		2 .6	0 .7	2 .7	1 .0	28.6				5 .9	11 .8	4 .9
Other Kansas	17 .0		1 .4		23 .3	28 .7				15 .0	4 .0	17 .0
California			4 .8			3 .2				1 .3	7 .6	0 .1
St. Louis, Missouri		9 .1	5 .4	0 .4	0 .5	0 .3				2 .7	1 .9	2 .8
Other Missouri					8 .7					3 .4		4 .0
Nebraska	2 .2									0 .1	0 .7
Port of Catoosa, OK									46 .1	0 .7	2 .3	0 .4
Texas Gulf Ports	6 .9	22 .8	65 .6		44 .9	29 .5				36 .8	6 .5	42 .3
Pacific Northwest		16 .1								2 .8		3 .3
Mexico			3 .0		7 .5					3 .4	2 .9	3 .4
All Other Destinations	2 .6	3 .6	4 .6				27.6			1 .5	1 .8	1 .4

Corn 3/
Atchison, Kansas							33 .3			0 .1	2 .1
Kansas City, KS & MO							16 .7			0 .1	1 .0
Kansas Feedlots				11 .5	43 .7					0 .4	6 .2
Topeka, Kansas							33 .3			0 .1	2 .1
Other Kansas						80 .3		100.0		41 .8		45 .0
Arizona			5 .3							2 .6		2 .8
Arkansas			48 .0	88 .5					100.0	24 .9	22 .0	25 .2
Texas Gulf Ports	78 .4									4 .2		4 .5
Texas Inland Cities	21 .6		45 .6		56 .3	11 .0				24 .5	64 .5	21 .5
All Other Destinations			1 .1			8 .8	16 .7			1 .2	2 .0	1 .2

1/ Not published in East Central District due to insufficient data. 2/ May not add to 100 percent due to rounding. 3/ No rail shipments reported in West Central District.

MAJOR DESTINATIONS BY RAIL
JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998

By Districts By Type of Elevator

Crop/Destination NW WC SW NC C SC NE EC SE State Small Ctry Houses Large Ctry Houses

Percent of Total Shipments 2/

Sorghum Grain 1/

Atchison, Kansas 4 .1 0 .1 0 .8

Hutchinson, Kansas 0 .5 1 .5 0 .7 2 .1 0 .4

Kansas City,KS & MO 20 .4 44 .7 2 .2 16 .2

Salina, Kansas 17 .4 0 .9 6 .6

Topeka, Kansas 13 .6 33 .0 1 .6 11 .4

Wichita, Kansas 0 .4 13.1 15 .1 3 .5 4 .4 3 .4

Other Kansas 2 .9 9 .5 0 .4 100.0 6 .1 3 .5 6 .5

Arkansas 32 .4 4 .5 18 .4 3 .1 100.0 9 .8 15 .5 8 .8

California 43 .9 3 .5 4 .2 5 .5 4 .0

Colorado

Illinois 2 .3 1 .3 1 .5

Texas Feedlots 1 .4 0 .3 2 .2

Texas Gulf Ports 35 .2 13 .7 33 .7 45.5 59 .7 42 .9 12 .8 47 .7

Texas Inland Cities 20 .2 1 .5 2 .5 6 .6 1 .8

Mexico 32 .4 11 .0 35 .4 2 .1 22 .3 3 .3 25 .3

All Other Destinations 8 .2 14 .8 0 .4 1 .7 9 .0 0 .5

Soybeans 3/

Atchison, Kansas 4 .4 0 .9 3 .5

Emporia, Kansas 95 .8 0 .8 3 .2

Fredonia, Kansas 22 .1 1 .9 7 .0

Kansas City,KS & MO 16 .9 40 .0 22 .1 13 .5 25 .3

Topeka, Kansas 4 .4 0 .9 3 .5

Wichita, Kansas 43 .9 0 .8 13 .6 4 .0 4 .5 3 .8

Other Kansas 5 .1 1 .0 1 .4

St. Joseph, Missouri 56 .7 12 .0 45 .1

Other Missouri 17 .5 3 .7 13 .9

Port of Catoosa, OK 46 .7 3 .9 5 .3

Texas Gulf Ports 3 .4 40 .7 31 .2 11 .0 14 .9

Mexico 56 .1 40 .7 60 .0 37 .7 5 .8 49 .3

1/ No rail shipments reported in Northwest District. 2/ May not add to 100 percent due to rounding. 3/ No rail shipments reported in Northwest, West Central, and Southwest Districts.

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MAJOR DESTINATIONS BY TRUCK JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
By Districts											By Type of Elevator
Crop/Destination	NW	WC	SW	NC	C	SC	NE	EC	SE	State	Small Ctry Houses	Large Ctry Houses
	Percent of Total Shipments 1/
Wheat
Atchison, Kansas				0 .1	1 .5		13 .1			0 .8	0 .9	0 .7
Hutchinson, Kansas		12 .3	21 .7		11.5	30.5			2 .8	15 .0	17 .4	12 .7
Kansas City,MO & KS	9 .7	5 .2	8 .6	1 .6	0 .3		5 .7	25.4	9 .5	3 .0	4 .0	2 .1
Salina, Kansas	1 .8	11 .7	2 .0	52 .6	20 .3	0 .8				14 .0	13 .6	14 .6
Topeka, Kansas			5 .6	12 .2	0 .6	1 .0	61 .0	64 .3	1 .8	5 .9	7 .9	3 .6
Wichita, Kansas	0 .3	11 .3	13 .4	0 .1	46 .2	28 .3	20 .1		52.6	25 .0	17 .1	32 .8
Other Kansas	63 .2	53 .9	37 .0	21 .9	19 .5	24 .2	0 .1	10 .0	2 .7	25 .9	28 .4	23 .4
Nebraska	25 .1	2 .0		10 .8						2 .7	4 .5	1 .1
Enid, Oklahoma						14 .1				4 .2	3 .7	4 .7
Port of Catoosa, OK						1 .0			30 .5	2 .0	2 .0	2 .0
Texas Gulf Port			7 .9					0 .2		0 .7		1 .3
All Other Destinations		3 .6	3 .8	0 .7					0 .2	0 .7	0 .5	0 .8
Corn
Atchison, Kansas				0 .9			19 .3			1 .1	3 .7
Emporia, Kansas							8 .0	7 .0	0 .2	0 .6	0 .5	0 .7
Kansas City,MO & KS					4 .5		3 .8	8 .3		0 .5	1 .3	0 .2
Topeka, Kansas				7 .0		2 .2	51 .3	32 .8	1 .4	4 .2	9 .1	2 .1
Kansas Feedlots	53 .8	42 .1	61 .2	50 .0	18 .6	59 .8	0 .9	2 .4	10 .8	51 .4	43 .8	54 .8
Other Kansas	30 .2	55 .9	9 .1	20 .1		11 .7		12 .0		15 .6	18 .8	14 .1
Arkansas								31 .2	59 .4	1 .5	1 .5	1 .6
CO Feedlots	8 .6	0 .3	1 .3							1 .7	3 .0	1 .1
Oklahoma Feedlots			5 .6	9 .6	5 .5	3 .3			3 .6	3 .9	1 .9	4 .8
Other Oklahoma			1 .6		70 .5	22 .4		1 .9	13 .7	5 .5	3 .1	6 .5
Texas Feedlots	7 .3		14 .3	9 .0						8 .7	2 .6	11 .4
Texas Inland Cities		1 .6	7 .0			0 .4	4 .0			4 .1	8 .3	2 .2
All Other Destinations				3 .4	0 .9	0 .2	12 .8	4 .5	11 .0	1 .1	2 .4	0 .6

1/ May not add to 100 percent due to rounding.

MAJOR DESTINATIONS BY TRUCK JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
By Districts											By Type of Elevator
Crop/Destination	NW	WC	SW	NC	C	SC	NE	EC	SE	State	Small Ctry Houses	Large Ctry Houses
	Percent of Total Shipments 1/
Sorghum Grain
Atchison, Kansas				1 .0			27 .2			2 .6	5 .6
Hutchinson, Kansas					43.1	26.0			3 .1	14 .4	14 .0	14 .9
Kansas City,MO & KS				0 .2	0 .3			1 .1		0 .2	0 .2	0 .1
Salina, Kansas				54 .1	22 .9					15 .2	15 .0	15 .5
Topeka, Kansas				6 .2			55 .9	41.0	0 .6	7 .9	15 .2	1 .5
Wichita, Kansas					1 .0	6 .7	7 .1		10.2	2 .9	4 .1	1 .8
Kansas Feedlots	30 .3	41 .6	37 .3	6 .4	1 .0	15 .9	2 .8	11 .8	0 .3	13 .3	10 .1	15 .5
Other Kansas	61 .3	53 .0	29 .9	21 .5	20 .4	38 .5	3 .0	3 .1	8 .0	26 .1	19 .7	32 .1
Arkansas						4 .1		36 .8	39 .7	4 .7	3 .4	5 .9
Nebraska	8 .3			10 .2						2 .1	4 .3	0 .3
Oklahoma Feedlots		0 .2	7 .7	0 .5		2 .4			4 .1	1 .6	1 .5	1 .6
Other Oklahoma		2 .2	14 .3		11 .2	5 .5			21 .2	6 .1	4 .4	7 .7
Texas Feedlots			8 .3							0 .7		1 .4
Texas Gulf Ports			0 .1
Texas Inland Cities		2 .5	1 .1				2 .8			0 .6	0 .2	0 .9
Texas Gulf Ports			0 .1
All Other Destinations		0 .6	1 .2			1 .0	1 .1	6 .2	13 .0	1 .5	2 .3	0 .6
Soybeans
Atchison, Kansas							5 .1			1 .1	2 .1
Emporia, Kansas		10 .4	16 .6	37 .2	19 .3	4 .2	34 .4	67 .5	6 .4	28 .4	25 .3	31 .0
Fredonia, Kansas								0 .5	44 .6	10 .0	11 .2	8 .6
Hutchinson, Kansas		11 .6			8 .8	7 .9	0 .3		6 .7	3 .2	1 .9	4 .9
Kansas City,MO & KS							2 .2	15 .3		3 .4	1 .5	5 .8
Salina, Kansas	1 .3			0 .6	6 .4					0 .6	1 .0	0 .2
Topeka, Kansas			35 .2	6 .9			20 .3	5 .2		6 .8	7 .0	6 .6
Wichita, Kansas	17 .5	39 .5	29 .8	50 .0	63 .6	84 .3		6 .8	19 .6	27 .4	22 .5	33 .8
Kansas Feedlots						3 .6			2 .8	1 .1	1 .2	0 .9
Other Kansas	80 .6	38 .5	9 .8	0 .2	1 .9			4 .7	3 .1	5 .2	8 .7	1 .1
St. Joseph, Missouri							29 .1			6 .5	11 .1	1 .0
St. Louis, Missouri							8 .5			1 .9	3 .5
Nebraska	0 .6			5 .2						0 .6	1 .1
Port of Catoosa, OK									11 .6	2 .6	2 .0	3 .3
Texas Gulf Ports			8 .6						4 .9	1 .2		2 .7
All Other Destinations									0 .3	0 .1	0 .1

1/ May not add to 100 percent due to rounding.

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MAJOR DESTINATIONS, HISTORIC 1/ JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998 2/
By Districts
Crop/Destination	1984	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1997
	Percent of Total Shipments 3/
Wheat
Atchison, Kansas	0 .8	0 .2	0 .4	1 .5	1 .4	0 .6	1 .0	0 .5
Hutchinson, Kansas	6 .6	5 .1	3 .4	7 .0	3 .5	5 .3	5 .7	10 .2
Kansas City, MO & KS	18 .1	21 .6	17 .7	26 .6	22 .1	15 .9	16 .0	9 .5
Salina, Kansas	6 .1	3 .6	4 .2	7 .0	6 .6	6 .1	5 .5	8 .9
Topeka, Kansas	3 .1	2 .3	2 .5	5 .4	5 .8	4 .2	2 .7	3 .3
Wichita, Kansas	4 .7	8 .9	6 .3	11 .6	6 .3	4 .5	7 .2	15 .1
Other Kansas	5 .7	7 .4	10 .4	15 .9	17 .5	18 .3	33 .0	20 .3
California							0 .7	0 .7
St. Louis, Missouri	0 .2	0 .3	0 .1		0 .2	1 .4	3 .1	1 .4
Other Missouri							0 .6	1 .4
Nebraska	0 .5	0 .2	0 .3	0 .5	0 .5	1 .0	1 .3	1 .7
Enid, Oklahoma	5 .2	5 .0	1 .6	2 .3	1 .0	0 .7	0 .4	2 .0
Port of Catoosa, Oklahoma	0 .1	0 .1	0 .5	0 .4	1 .3	1 .2	0 .6	1 .3
Pacific Northwest		0 .5						1 .7
Texas Gulf Ports	28 .0	41 .8	19 .2	14 .8	20 .7	24 .8	14 .1	19 .3
Mexico			1 .6	2 .7	2 .7	3 .4	2 .7	1 .4
All Other Destinations	20 .9	3 .0	31 .8	4 .3	10 .4	12 .6	5 .4	1 .3
Corn
Atchison, Kansas	1 .4	2 .3	1 .3	0 .8	1 .2	0 .3	1 .0	1 .0
Emporia, Kansas	0 .1	0 .1	0 .1	0 .1				0 .5
Kansas City, MO & KS	1 .8	12 .0	2 .8	2 .3	3 .4	1 .1	1 .3	0 .5
Topeka, Kansas	1 .4	0 .4	4 .5	1 .6	3 .0	0 .1	4 .2	3 .7
Kansas Feedlots	22 .2	45 .7	36 .6	48 .3	34 .6	47 .7	26 .9	44 .8
Other Kansas	20 .6	3 .5	9 .9	10 .1	17 .6	19 .3	43 .7	19 .0
Arkansas	28 .5	7 .3	9 .7	13 .5	23 .9	1 .8	7 .0	4 .6
Oklahoma Feedlots	5 .5	4 .0	2 .2	2 .7	2 .3	8 .5	5 .5	3 .4
Other Oklahoma	0 .7	4 .7	2 .3	7 .8	3 .0	1 .7	1 .6	4 .8
Texas Feedlots	1 .0	3 .3	7 .1	5 .4	4 .2	4 .3	1 .9	7 .5
Texas Gulf Ports	0 .4	1 .3	13 .7	*		2 .6	1 .3	0 .5
Texas Inland Cities	10 .8	2 .5	5 .7	2 .9	1 .4	6 .9	1 .7	6 .7
All Other Destinations	5 .6	12 .9	4 .1	4 .5	5 .4	5 .7	3 .8	1 .5

1/ No data collected in 1985-1986 and 1993-1996. 2/ For years prior to 1997, the
data applied to July-June periods. 3/ May not add to 100 percent due to rounding.
* Less than .1 percent.

MAJOR DESTINATIONS, HISTORIC 1/ JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998 2/
By Districts
Crop/Destination	1984	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1997
	Percent of Total Shipments 3/
Sorghum Grain
Atchison, Kansas	0 .8	0 .3	0 .7	1 .5	1 .8	1 .4	0 .9	1 .6
Hutchinson, Kansas	1 .3	17 .5	2 .4	5 .6	3 .8	2 .6	6 .9	8 .7
Kansas City, MO & KS	2 .2	3 .2	8 .7	11 .9	9 .2	6 .1	6 .6	1 .0
Salina, Kansas	3 .3	0 .8	1 .7	3 .2	3 .8	1 .8	6 .5	9 .2
Topeka, Kansas	1 .4	5 .3	1 .9	2 .2	1 .9	2 .5	5 .6	5 .3
Wichita, Kansas	0 .4	0 .5	1 .0	2 .7	1 .1	0 .8	2 .3	3 .1
Kansas Feedlots	34 .8	40 .6	17 .6	24 .2	14 .0	19 .2	8 .1	7 .7
Other Kansas	6 .1	6 .8	13 .8	9 .8	19 .2	19 .4	31 .4	17 .7
Arkansas	2 .1	0 .8	5 .3	8 .3	11 .6	3 .5	3 .9	6 .8
California	5 .0	6 .7	4 .7	2 .2	1 .8	2 .4	0 .1	1 .8
Illinois								0 .6
Nebraska	0 .3			0 .1		0 .2	0 .3	1 .2
Oklahoma Feedlots	1 .0	0 .1	1 .2	2 .2	0 .9	0 .5	0 .1	0 .9
Other Oklahoma								3 .6
Texas Feedlots	2 .6	0 .1	2 .5	1 .3	0 .9	2 .4	0 .4	0 .6
Texas Gulf Ports	6 .9	3 .0	8 .7	9 .2	10 .5	1 .9	8 .4	17 .9
Texas Inland Cities	4 .2	0 .1	20 .2	4 .3	3 .1	6 .9	0 .2	1 .4
Mexico	4 .8	1 .5	2 .4	5 .3	10 .3	18 .6	7 .3	9 .3
All Other Destinations	22 .8	12 .7	7 .2	6 .0	6 .1	9 .8	1 .1	1 .6
Soybeans
Atchison, Kansas	0 .7	0 .3		0 .4	1 .1	0 .5		1 .1
Emporia, Kansas	40 .1	18 .1	28 .3	30 .1	24 .5	28 .6	24 .2	22 .1
Fredonia, Kansas	3 .8	32 .6	7 .7	8 .6	6 .6	8 .1	7 .0	8 .1
Hutchinson, Kansas	15 .4			*	0 .9	1 .2	0 .9	2 .5
Kansas City, MO & KS	1 .4	3 .3	7 .4	15 .4	22 .1	4 .1	8 .0	7 .6
Salina, Kansas	0 .9	0 .3	0 .2	0 .2	0 .1	0 .2	0 .2	0 .5
Topeka, Kansas	0 .4	0 .2	0 .4	1 .6	1 .1	1 .0	3 .3	5 .4
Wichita, Kansas	20 .9	8 .2	23 .1	25 .8	11 .0	13 .7	8 .9	22 .1
Kansas Feedlots								0 .8
Other Kansas	2 .6	1 .3	3 .9	0 .7	4 .5	12 .4	17 .7	4 .3
St. Joseph, Missouri	3 .7	1 .5	4 .9	4 .7	3 .3	4 .8	3 .0	7 .7
St. Louis, Missouri								1 .5
Other Missouri	2 .2	1 .3	0 .6	*			0 .8	0 .8
Nebraska	0 .2	0 .1	0 .9	0 .2	0 .8	*	0 .1	0 .5
Port of Catoosa, Oklahoma								2 .9
Texas Gulf Ports	1 .0	0 .6		2 .2	1 .4	8 .5	2 .6	3 .4
Mexico		11 .6	13 .5		21 .9	16 .5	19 .7	8 .5
All Other Destinations	6 .7	20 .6	9 .5	10 .1	0 .7	0 .4	3 .6	0 .2

1/ No data collected in 1985-1986 and 1993-1996. 2/ For years prior to 1997, the
data applied to July-June periods. 3/ May not add to 100 percent due to rounding.
* Less than .1 percent.

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GRADING AND SAMPLING

Over 90 percent of the responding elevators sample incoming grain. Of those sampling, the most commonly used method of extracting samples was hand probe. Factors commonly tested include moisture, test weight, foreign material, protein content, insect infestation, and dockage.

PERCENT OF KANSAS ELEVATORS SAMPLING GRAIN ON RECEIVING BY DISTRICT
JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998

Crop/Destination NW WC SW NC C SC NE EC SE State Small Ctry Houses Large Ctry Houses

Percent of Elevators Receiving Grain

Did Sampling 100 100 88 96 93 91 92 78 80 91 90 93

Extracted Samples by 1/

Hand Probe 69 72 33 77 68 59 78 93 94 69 77 52

Mechanical 38 28 76 27 36 49 35 21 13 38 28 60

Other 2 1 2

Grading Factors Tested

Moisture 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Test Weight 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Foreign Material 94 78 81 91 75 90 91 100 94 87 87 89

Protein Content 25 33 10 9 21 15 4 14 6 15 11 23

Oil Content 7 1 2

Insect Infestation 63 72 76 68 50 61 87 57 69 66 64 71

Dockage 75 61 86 82 75 90 70 64 44 75 74 76

Other 31 33 52 23 36 39 48 50 31 38 35 44

Milling Quality/
Variety Specific
11
7
5
7
4
4

Organic/Pesticide Free 13 2 4 2 1 3

1/ May exceed 100 percent if elevators reported using more than one method for sampling grain.

KANSAS ELEVATORS SAMPLING GRAIN SHIPMENTS FOR GRADE DETERMINATION 1/ BY DISTRICT, JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
District/ Type of Elevator
	Sampling Rail Shipments	Sampling Truck Shipments
			Sample Obtained by			Sampling Done by			Grade Determined by 2/
			Hand Probe	Mechan. Pneumatic	Other	Employee	Contract Sampler	KGID (State)	KGID (State)	Other
Percent of Elevators Receiving Grain
NW	92	39	85	31	-	31	38	54	100	8
WC	86	36	86	43	-	36	57	29	86	21
SW	67	54	63	50	-	54	17	46	67	42

NC	69	38	100	-	-	38	38	31	88	19
C	65	47	53	47	-	53	18	41	76	35
SC	80	32	72	32	-	36	36	40	84	20

NE	85	31	100	8	-	23	31	62	92	8
EC	43	71	86	14	14	71	14	29	71	43
SE	75	50	75	-	25	50	-	50	75	25

State	74	42	77	30	2	42	30	42	82	25


Sm Ctry Houses	73	41	87	18	1	39	30	42	82	20
Lrg Ctry Houses	75	44	63	48	2	44	29	42	81	29

1/ Sampling of barge shipments not published due to insufficient data. 2/ Grade determination by FGIS (Federal) not published due to insufficient data. 3/ May exceed 100 percent if elevators reported using more than one method for sampling grain.

Seventy-four percent of those elevators responding stated they sampled rail shipments and 42 percent sampled truck shipments. The most commonly used method of sampling was by hand probe with 77 percent. Forty-two percent replied that the sampling was done by an employee. This matches the percent of elevators using Kansas Grain Inspection Service, Inc. determination when grading the samples. Thirty percent had sampling performed by a contract sampler. KGIS determined 82 percent of those grades.

KANSAS ELEVATORS SAMPLING GRAIN SHIPMENTS 1/ 2/
FOR GRADE DETERMINATION, BY YEAR

Crop Year/
Type of
Elevator Percent of Elevators Sampling Of Elevators Sampling, Percent Using

Rail
3/ Truck
3/ FGIS
(Federal) KGIS
(State) Other
4/

1984 State Av. 60 9 7 99

1987 State Av. 62 10 6 98

1988 State Av. 70 9 11 96

Sm Ctry Houses 66 7 8 95

Lg Ctry Houses 86 13 19 96

Terminals 100 28 22 100

1989 State Av. 88 17 4 97

Sm Ctry Houses 87 16 4 97

Lg Ctry Houses 92 15 2 98

Terminals 100 100 100

1990 State Av. 84 18 2 99

Sm Ctry Houses 83 17 1 99

Lg Ctry Houses 82 21 5 97

Terminals 100 63 8 100

1991 State Av. 92 19 8 98

Sm Ctry Houses 93 17 6 98

Lg Ctry Houses 93 30 10 95

Terminals 75 60 33 100

1992 State Av. 92 23 5 89 8

Sm Ctry Houses 90 20 4 88 9

Lg Ctry Houses 100 37 12 93 2

Terminals 78 100 14 100

1997 State Av. 74 42 1 82 25

Sm Ctry Houses 73 41 1 82 20

Lg Ctry Houses 75 44 - 81 29

1/ No data collected in 1985-86 or 1993-1996. 2/ For years prior to 1997, the data applied
to July-June periods. 3/ The method for calculating these percentages has been revised.
Starting in 1989, the percentages of elevators sampling shipments by specific modes (rail
and truck) are derived using only elevators which made shipments by that mode. Prior to 1989,
the percentages represent all elevators. The "rail or truck" column remains a percentage of all
elevators and is unaffected by this change. 3/ Data first collected in 1992. 4/ Data first collected
in 1992. 5/ Question not asked in 1997.

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GRAIN QUALITY ADJUSTMENTS

The 1997 Grain Transportation survey collected information about price deductions or premiums paid for the four grains targeted in the questionnaire. Price discounting was reported for all of the grains. Fifty-eight percent of the elevators reporting indicated that they started discounting the price paid for wheat at an average of 0.5 percent dockage. For corn, 16 percent of the elevators said they started discounting price at an average of 1.3 percent dockage. Eighteen percent of the reporting Kansas elevators stated that discounts on sorghum began at an average of 1.5 percent dockage. Finally, 46 percent of the elevators reporting indicated that soybean price discounts started at an average of .8 percent dockage.

Information regarding premiums paid for wheat, corn, and soybeans was also collected. Of the elevators responding, premiums were reported being paid only for wheat. Seven percent of the elevators responding statewide reported offering premiums for wheat. Most of these elevators paying premiums were located in the Central and South Central districts of the State. Elevators indicated that they began paying a price premium at an average of 12 percent protein.

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DOCKAGE RESULTING IN PRICE DISCOUNT, 1997 KANSAS GRAIN MARKETED, BY DISTRICT
Crop/District	% Reporting Discount for Dockage	Dockage % at Which Discount Began	Avg. % at Which Discount Began	% Reporting Discount for Dockage	Dockage % at Which Discount Began	Avg. % at Which Discount Began
Crop/District	% Reporting Discount for Dockage	Range	Avg. % at Which Discount Began	% Reporting Discount for Dockage	Range	Avg. % at Which Discount Began
	Wheat			Corn 1/
NW	61	0.1-1.4	0.3	22	0.1-5.0	1.9
WC	61	0.1-1.0	0.4
SW	69	0.1-1.5	0.5	12	0.5-1.5	1.0

NC	63	0.1-0.6	0.2	13	0.1-4.0	1.7
C	63	0.1-1.0	0.4
SC	83	0.1-2.0	0.6	22	0.2-2.0	0.8

NE	19	0.1-0.5	0.3	27	0.1-5.0	1.7
EC	29	0.1-3.1	1.0	24	0.1-3.1	1.3
SE	46	0.1-1.1	0.4

State	58	0.1-3.1	0.5	16	0.1-5.0	1.3
	Sorghum Grain 1/			Soybeans
NW	22	0.1-8.1	4.4	39	1.0-1.1	1.1
WC				22	1.0-1.1	1.1
SW	12	0.5-1.5	1.0	50	0.1-1.5	0.9

NC				54	0.1-1.1	0.8
C	13	0.5-2.5	1.8	38	0.1-1.1	0.6
SC	32	0.3-8.0	1.2	60	0.1-2.0	0.8

NE	23	0.1-8.0	1.9	46	0.1-1.0	0.9
EC	24	0.1-5.1	1.5	43	0.1-1.3	0.5
SE	14	0.1-0.1	0.1	41	0.1-1.1	0.5

State	18	0.1-8.1	1.5	46	0.1-2.0	0.8

1/ Some districts were not published due to insufficient data.

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GRAIN PROCESSING

Some elevators process grain for feed on site. Corn or sorghum grain are the usual grains processed for feed. For the crop year June 1997-May 1998, 5 percent of the corn and 5 percent of the sorghum received at elevators was processed on site into feed. A small percentage of wheat was processed for feed, but a much larger percent of wheat was processed on site for flour. For the 1997 crop year, 8 percent of the total wheat received at elevators was processed for flour. Elevators reported processing 52 percent of soybeans received on site. Most of the soybeans processed were on reports from the East Central District. Too few reports were obtained to publish soybean processing data by district.

GRAIN PROCESSED ON SITE AT KANSAS ELEVATORS BY DISTRICT JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
District/ Type of Elevator	Percent of Total Receipts Processed for Feed			Percent of Total Receipts Processed for Flour
District/ Type of Elevator	Wheat	Corn	Sorghum Grain	Wheat 1/

NW	--	3	6
WC	2/	1	2
SW	2/	2	3

NC	-	5	6
C	1	36	5	10
SC	*	5	6	8

NE	*	15	6	2/
EC	2/	6	4
SE	10	30	13	2/

State	1	5	5	8


Sm Ctry Houses	2	7	7	9
Lrg Ctry Houses	-	4	4	8

1/ Data first collected in 1992. 2/ Not published due to insufficient data. * Less than .5 percent.

GRAINS PROCESSED ON SITE AT KANSAS ELEVATORS, BY YEAR 1/ 2/

Crop Year/
Type of
Elevator Percent of Total Receipts Processed for Feed Percent of Total Receipts Processed for Flour

Wheat 3/ Corn Sorghum Grain Wheat 4/

1984 State Av. 8 12

1987 State Av. 8 5

1988 State Av. 8 10

Sm Ctry Houses 17 18

Lg Ctry Houses 3 6

1989 State Av. 10 8

Sm Ctry Houses 18 16

Lg Ctry Houses 4 3

1990 State Av. 8 11

Sm Ctry Houses 14 19

Lg Ctry Houses 4 4

1991 State Av. 11 13

Sm Ctry Houses 16 22

Lg Ctry Houses 8 7

1992 State Av. 9 10 13

Sm Ctry Houses 14 17 8

Lg Ctry Houses 5 5 13

Terminals 2 21

1997 State Av. 1 5 5 8

Sm Ctry Houses 2 7 7 9

Lg Ctry Houses - 4 4 8

1/ No data collected in 1985-86 or 1993-1996. 2/ For years prior to 1997, the data applied to July-June periods.
3/ Data on wheat processed for feed first collected in 1997. 4/ Data first collected in 1992.

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STORAGE CAPACITY UTILIZATION

When the new marketing year began on June 1, 1998, 10 percent of the utilized off-farm storage capacity in Kansas was taken up by government-owned grain, 60 percent by farmer-owned grain, and 30 percent by company-owned grain. Based on the June 1 stocks report, elevators had approximately 205 million bushels of wheat, corn, sorghum, and soybeans on hand.

UTILIZATION OF KANSAS COMMERCIAL GRAIN STORAGE CAPACITY BY DISTRICT, JUNE 1, 1998
District/ Type of Elevator	Government Owned Grain	Farmer Owned Grain	Company Owned Grain
	Percent of Stored Grain

NW	7	80	13
WC	6	71	23
SW	3	62	35

NC	12	66	22
C	19	43	38
SC	2	78	20

NE		66	34
EC	32	37	31
SE	1	75	24

State	10	60	30


Sm Ctry Houses	5	73	22
Lrg Ctry Houses	11	59	30

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MARKETING DECISIONS

Decisions to buy grain were made locally by 95 percent of the elevators responding to this survey. Decisions to sell grain and set cash prices were made on site by 76 and 77 percent of the elevators, respectively. The average number of bids considered in setting prices was four in 1997.

GRAIN MARKETING DECISIONS MADE AT KANSAS ELEVATORS
BY DISTRICT, JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998

District/ Type of
Elevator To Buy Grain To Sell Grain To Set Cash Grain Prices If Prices Set, Average No of Bids Considered

Percent of Elevators Making Decisions on Site

NW 100 89 89 6

WC 100 83 78 4

SW 96 54 62 4

NC 96 79 79 4

C 100 72 78 4

SC 87 70 68 4

NE 100 85 77 4

EC 95 86 86 3

SE 87 82 91 5

State 95 76 77 4

Sm Ctry Houses 94 78 76 4

Lrg Ctry Houses 97 74 80 6

GRAIN MARKETING DECISIONS MADE AT KANSAS ELEVATORS, BY YEAR 1/ 2/
Crop Year/ Type of Elevator		To Buy Grain	To Sell Grain	To Set Cash Grain Prices	If Prices Set, Avg. No. of Bids Considered
		Percent of Elevators Making Decisions on Site

1984 State Av.		85	75	70	3
1987 State Av.		78	66	63	4
1988 State Av.		78	72	70	4
	Sm Ctry Houses	78	73	71	3
	Lg Ctry Houses	79	72	74	5
	Terminals	62	57	52	5
1989 State Av.		77	69	68	4
	Sm Ctry Houses	77	69	66	4
	Lg Ctry Houses	81	77	80	5
	Terminals	59	41	53	3
1990 State Av.		78	70	68	4
	Sm Ctry Houses	79	70	69	4
	Lg Ctry Houses	79	75	77	5
	Terminals	59	41	53	3
1991 State Av.		76	69	65	4
	Sm Ctry Houses	74	67	62	4
	Lg Ctry Houses	90	78	86	5
	Terminals	78	78	22	3
1992 State Av.		76	66	63	4
	Sm Ctry Houses	74	65	60	3
	Lg Ctry Houses	94	86	86	5
	Terminals	50	30	60	6
1997 State Av.		95	76	77	4
	Sm Ctry Houses	94	78	76	4
	Lg Ctry Houses	97	74	80	6

1/ No data collected 1985-86 or 1993-96. 2/ For years prior to 1997, the data applied to July-June periods.

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RAIL SERVICE

Rail service was available from June 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998 to 71 percent of the elevators responding to this survey, but only 54 percent of the elevators actually used rail service. Of the small country elevators, 37 percent had no rail service access, 17 percent did not use rail service although it was available, and 46 percent used rail cars to ship grain. Nineteen percent of the large elevators did not have access to rail service, 17 percent did not use rail service even though it was an option, and 72 percent of the large elevators used rail service.

On the average, service was available three times per week at small country elevators and four times per week at large country elevators. The siding capacity averaged 11 cars at small country elevators and 32 cars at large country elevators.

Single car service was used by 70 percent of elevators with rail service, while unit train usage was reported by 38 percent. The average number of cars per unit train, as reported by the survey, was 42. There were two peak sizes of unit trains; one at 25 cars per train and one at 100+ cars. The need for rail cars always seemed to be greater than the number of cars received. The following tables reflect those shortages during peak usage times.

RAIL SERVICE USE BY KANSAS ELEVATORS

District/
Type of Elevator No Rail Service Available Elevators That Use Rail Service Elevators That Do Not Use Rail Service Though Available

Percent 1/

NW 6 89 6

WC 17 67 17

SW 8 85 8

NC 33 50 17

C 31 59 9

SC 26 51 23

NE 38 50 12

EC 67 19 14

SE 36 23 41

State 29 54 17

Sm Ctry Houses 37 46 17

Lg Ctry Houses 11 72 17

1/ May not add to 100 percent due to rounding.

RAIL SERVICE AVAILABILITY TO KANSAS ELEVATORS BY DISTRICT, JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
District/ Type of Elevator	Elevators Which Use Rail Service	June- August 1997	Sept.- Nov. 1997	Dec.- Feb. 1998	March- May 1998	Available Only When Called	Average Siding Capacity
	Percent	Times Per Week Rail Service Available				Percent	No./Cars

NW	89	3	3	3	3	56	16
WC	67	2	2	2	3	25	24
SW	81	3	3	3	3	29	26

NC	42	3	3	3	3	1/	14
C	53	4	4	4	4	24	27
SC	51	4	4	4	3	21	17

NE	42	3	3	3	3	1/	8
EC	14	6	6	6	6		24
SE	23	5	5	5	5		12

State	54	3	3	3	3	25	19


Sm Cntry Houses	46	3	3	3	3	26	11
Lg Cntry Houses	72	4	4	4	4	24	30

1/ Not published due to insufficient data.

RAIL SERVICE AVAILABILITY TO KANSAS ELEVATORS, BY YEAR, 1/ 2/

District/
Type of Elevator Elevators Which Use Rail Service June- Aug. Sept.- Nov. Dec.- Feb. March- May Available Only When Called Average Siding Capacity

Percent Times Per Week Rail Service Available Percent No./Cars

1984 State Av. 90 4 4 4 4 NA 12

1987 State Av. 88 3 3 3 3 NA 13

1988 State Av. 86 4 4 4 4 33 13

Sm Ctry Houses 83 3 3 3 3 37 10

Lg Ctry Houses 97 4 4 4 4 25 20

Terminals 100 5 5 5 5 47

1989 State Av. 85 4 3 3 4 28 14

Sm Ctry Houses 83 3 3 3 3 32 11

Lg Ctry Houses 96 4 5 4 4 15 21

Terminals 100 6 6 6 6 6 35

1990 State Av. 74 3 3 3 3 23 15

Sm Ctry Houses 71 3 3 3 3 24 11

Lg Ctry Houses 85 4 4 4 4 18 20

Terminals 88 5 5 5 5 7 69

1991 State Av. 81 3 3 3 3 8 13

Sm Ctry Houses 74 3 3 3 3 8 10

Lg Ctry Houses 85 4 4 4 4 10 20

Terminals 99 6 6 6 6 52

1992 State Av. 68 3 3 3 3 10 14

Sm Ctry Houses 65 3 3 3 3 10 11

Lg Ctry Houses 86 4 4 4 4 12 20

Terminals 90 6 6 6 6 52

1997 State Av. 54 3 3 3 3 25 19

Sm Ctry Houses 46 3 3 3 3 26 11

Lg Ctry Houses 72 4 4 4 4 24 30

1/ No data collected 1985-86 or 1993-96. 2/ For years prior to 1997, the data applied to July-June periods.

RAIL SERVICES USED BY KANSAS ELEVATORS BY DISTRICT 1/
JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998

District/Type of Elevator Of Elevators With Rail Service, Percent Using:

Single Cars Unit Train Avg. No. of Cars in Unit Train Minimum Volume Contract

Percent No. of Cars Percent

NW 94 35 28 25

WC 73 33 63 8

SW 79 58 46 19

NC 69 31 29 10

C 68 36 56 18

SC 63 40 40 13

NE 81 44 16 -

EC 57 29 2/ -

SE 36 14 - 20

State 70 38 42 14

Sm Cntry Houses 68 30 29 16

Lg Cntry Houses 73 50 49 12

1/ A questionnaire design change in the 1997 survey makes the 1997 data incompatible with the historic series.
2/ Data not published due to insufficient data.

RAIL SERVICE DURING PEAK USAGE TIMES

District/Type of Elevator Average Number of Cars Per Week

June - August Sept. - Nov. Dec. - Feb. March - May

Needed Rec'd Needed Rec'd Needed Rec'd Needed Rec'd

NW 23 20 14 15 4 3 4 10

WC 19 17 19 9 18 12 20 16

SW 33 23 34 31 16 15 11 10

NC 27 13 17 8 5 4 7 5

C 26 15 46 35 35 26 20 19

SC 36 21 19 18 7 7 11 8

NE 12 8 16 8 10 7 10 7

EC 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/

SE 38 28 38 24 17 13 17 5

State 27 17 24 19 13 10 11 10

Sm Cntry Houses 17 11 15 13 6 4 5 5

Lg Cntry Houses 41 27 37 27 29 24 27 22

1/ Data not published due to insufficient data.

COMPANIES SUPPLYING RAIL SERVICE TO ELEVATORS

BNSF 1/ UPSP 2/ Other

Percent

State 15 21 64

Sm Ctry Houses 15 17 68

Lg Ctry Houses 16 27 57

1/ Burlington Northern Santa Fe. 2/ Union Pacific Southern Pacific.

RAIL SERVICES USED BY KANSAS ELEVATORS 1/ 2/
BY YEAR, JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998 3/

District/Type of Elevator Of Elevators With Rail Service, Percent Using:

Single Cars Unit Cars Minimum Volume Contract

1984 State Av. 81 15 20

1987 State Av. 55 7 14

1988 State Av. 55 9 15

Sm Ctry Houses 57 4 11

Lg Ctry Houses 43 13 25

Terminals 67 57 43

1989 State Av. 53 9 12

Sm Ctry Houses 56 6 10

Lg Ctry Houses 39 11 11

Terminals 59 71 53

1990 State Av. 48 8 11

Sm Ctry Houses 47 5 10

Lg Ctry Houses 50 9 11

Terminals 57 64 43

1991 State Av. 26 5 7

Sm Ctry Houses 24 3 5

Lg Ctry Houses 36 7 10

Terminals 40 70 50

1992 State Av. 21 4 7

Sm Ctry Houses

KANSAS GRAIN PRODUCTION SUMMARY, 1997 CROP
District	Acres Harvested, (000)	Yield Per Acre, Bu.	Production, Bu. (000)	Acres Harvested, (000)	Yield Per Acre, Bu.	Production, Bu. (000)
	Wheat			Corn
NW	1,160	37	42,920	446	126	56,170
WC	1,251	43	52,542	171	134	22,829
SW	1,839	37	68,043	820	181	148,395

NC	1,387	51	70,737	188	114	21,510
C	1,649	53	87,397	78	149	11,598
SC	2,460	49	120,891	285	160	45,655

NE	279	50	13,950	340	105	35,620
EC	290	50	14,500	190	110	20,983
SE	585	52	30,420	82	110	9,040

STATE	10,900	46	501,400	2,600	143	371,800
	Sorghum Grain			Soybeans
NW	170	70	11,959	19	50	966
WC	237	78	18,527	10	43	417
SW	500	93	31,556	29	48	1,378

NC	580	78	45,171	195	34	6,610
C	540	81	43,906	96	43	4,105
SC	550	77	42,179	190	47	8,954

NE	281	90	25,325	570	36	20,688
EC	220	87	19,071	631	36	20,840
SE	322	85	27,506	610	34	22,995

STATE	3,400	78	265,200	2,350	37	86,950

ALL GRAIN RECEIVED AT AND SHIPPED FROM KANSAS ELEVATORS 3/ 4/ BY YEAR, BY TRANSPORT MODE
Crop Year	Rail	Truck	From Farmers 1/	Origin Outside Kansas	Rail	Truck	Barge	Unit Train 2/
	Percent of Total Receipts				Percent of Total Shipments

1984	17	83	76	NA	53	47	*	19
1987	20	80	68	14	60	40	-	23
1988	28	72	78	11	68	32	*	29
1989	19	81	79	10	60	39	1	21
1990	20	80	80	11	59	41	-	23
1991	13	87	80	8	57	43	*	27
1992	17	83	74	9	57	43	5/	18
1997	4	96	77	5	42	58	-	28

SORGHUM RAIL SHIPMENTS FROM ELEVATORS, BY NUMBER OF CARS JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
District	Less Than 24 Cars	24-49 Cars	50 or More Cars
	Percent of Shipments

NW	-	-	-
WC	35	65	-
SW	33	52	15

NC	52	48	-
C	3	38	59
SC	3	23	74

NE	63	-	37
EC	-	84	16
SE	26	-	74

State	10	38	52


Sm Ctry Houses	50	28	22
Lg Ctry Houses	4	39	57

KANSAS ELEVATORS SAMPLING GRAIN SHIPMENTS 1/ 2/ FOR GRADE DETERMINATION, BY YEAR
Crop Year/ Type of Elevator		Percent of Elevators Sampling			Of Elevators Sampling, Percent Using
Crop Year/ Type of Elevator		Rail 3/	Truck 3/	FGIS (Federal)	KGIS (State)	Other 4/

1984 State Av.		60	9	7	99
1987 State Av.		62	10	6	98
1988 State Av.		70	9	11	96
	Sm Ctry Houses	66	7	8	95
	Lg Ctry Houses	86	13	19	96
	Terminals	100	28	22	100
1989 State Av.		88	17	4	97
	Sm Ctry Houses	87	16	4	97
	Lg Ctry Houses	92	15	2	98
	Terminals	100	100		100
1990 State Av.		84	18	2	99
	Sm Ctry Houses	83	17	1	99
	Lg Ctry Houses	82	21	5	97
	Terminals	100	63	8	100
1991 State Av.		92	19	8	98
	Sm Ctry Houses	93	17	6	98
	Lg Ctry Houses	93	30	10	95
	Terminals	75	60	33	100
1992 State Av.		92	23	5	89	8
	Sm Ctry Houses	90	20	4	88	9
	Lg Ctry Houses	100	37	12	93	2
	Terminals	78	100	14	100
1997 State Av.		74	42	1	82	25
	Sm Ctry Houses	73	41	1	82	20
	Lg Ctry Houses	75	44	-	81	29

GRAIN MARKETING DECISIONS MADE AT KANSAS ELEVATORS BY DISTRICT, JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
District/ Type of Elevator	To Buy Grain	To Sell Grain	To Set Cash Grain Prices	If Prices Set, Average No of Bids Considered
	Percent of Elevators Making Decisions on Site

NW	100	89	89	6
WC	100	83	78	4
SW	96	54	62	4

NC	96	79	79	4
C	100	72	78	4
SC	87	70	68	4

NE	100	85	77	4
EC	95	86	86	3
SE	87	82	91	5

State	95	76	77	4


Sm Ctry Houses	94	78	76	4
Lrg Ctry Houses	97	74	80	6

RAIL SERVICE USE BY KANSAS ELEVATORS
District/ Type of Elevator	No Rail Service Available	Elevators That Use Rail Service	Elevators That Do Not Use Rail Service Though Available
	Percent 1/

NW	6	89	6
WC	17	67	17
SW	8	85	8

NC	33	50	17
C	31	59	9
SC	26	51	23

NE	38	50	12
EC	67	19	14
SE	36	23	41

State	29	54	17


Sm Ctry Houses	37	46	17
Lg Ctry Houses	11	72	17

RAIL SERVICES USED BY KANSAS ELEVATORS BY DISTRICT 1/ JUNE 1, 1997-MAY 31, 1998
District/Type of Elevator	Of Elevators With Rail Service, Percent Using:
District/Type of Elevator	Single Cars	Unit Train	Avg. No. of Cars in Unit Train	Minimum Volume Contract
	Percent		No. of Cars	Percent

NW	94	35	28	25
WC	73	33	63	8
SW	79	58	46	19

NC	69	31	29	10
C	68	36	56	18
SC	63	40	40	13

NE	81	44	16	-
EC	57	29	2/	-
SE	36	14	-	20

State	70	38	42	14


Sm Cntry Houses	68	30	29	16
Lg Cntry Houses	73	50	49	12

RAIL SERVICE DURING PEAK USAGE TIMES
District/Type of Elevator	Average Number of Cars Per Week
	June - August		Sept. - Nov.		Dec. - Feb.		March - May
	Needed	Rec'd	Needed	Rec'd	Needed	Rec'd	Needed	Rec'd

NW	23	20	14	15	4	3	4	10
WC	19	17	19	9	18	12	20	16
SW	33	23	34	31	16	15	11	10

NC	27	13	17	8	5	4	7	5
C	26	15	46	35	35	26	20	19
SC	36	21	19	18	7	7	11	8

NE	12	8	16	8	10	7	10	7
EC	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/	1/
SE	38	28	38	24	17	13	17	5

State	27	17	24	19	13	10	11	10


Sm Cntry Houses	17	11	15	13	6	4	5	5
Lg Cntry Houses	41	27	37	27	29	24	27	22

COMPANIES SUPPLYING RAIL SERVICE TO ELEVATORS
	BNSF 1/	UPSP 2/	Other
	Percent
State	15	21	64
Sm Ctry Houses	15	17	68
Lg Ctry Houses	16	27	57