Agricultural Chemical Usage The 2004 chemical use summaries for vegetables and field crops provide pesticide use data on 7 Michigan vegetable crops and winter wheat. Vegetable chemical use statistics are published every other year, alternating with fruit chemical use statistics. Information is provided from a survey funded by the USDA Pesticide Data Program to provide reliable pesticide use statistics and to enhance the quality of information on pesticide residues in food. This data series addresses the increased public interest in agricultural chemical use and provides the means for government agencies to respond effectively to food safety and water quality issues. The entire series of chemical usage statistics since 1990 for Michigan and the U.S. can be found on the NASS website at http:/www.usda.gov/nass/. A list of associated trade names is provided following the chemical application tables as an aid in reviewing the data. The list does not mean to imply use of any specific trade name. Asparagus: Agricultural chemical applications, 2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : 2,4-D : 15 1.1 0.88 0.93 2.2 Diuron : 91 1.8 1.21 2.18 30.7 Glyphosate : 89 1.5 0.80 1.21 16.7 Linuron : 4 1.2 0.78 0.94 0.6 Metribuzin : 70 1.6 0.48 0.77 8.5 Paraquat : 25 1.2 0.56 0.67 2.6 S-Metolachlor : 8 1.2 1.19 1.42 1.7 Terbacil : 3 1.3 0.27 0.35 0.2 : Insecticides : Carbaryl : 85 3.1 0.66 2.04 27.0 : Fungicides : Chlorothalonil : 58 2.5 1.28 3.26 29.2 Mancozeb : 36 2.3 1.46 3.36 19.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2004 were 15,500 acres. Snap Beans, Processing: Agricultural chemical applications, 2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Bentazon : 65 1.1 0.43 0.47 5.5 EPTC : 18 1.0 2.59 2.59 8.3 Fomesafen : 62 1.1 0.11 0.12 1.3 Quizalofop-P-ethyl : 8 1.0 0.05 0.05 0.1 S-Metolachlor : 71 1.2 0.87 1.03 12.8 Sethoxydim : 11 1.0 0.17 0.17 0.3 Trifluralin : 18 1.0 0.58 0.58 1.8 : Insecticides : Acephate : 56 1.1 0.75 0.85 8.4 Bifenthrin : 41 1.3 0.04 0.06 0.4 Dimethoate : 25 1.0 0.26 0.26 1.2 Disulfoton : 15 1.1 1.02 1.09 2.9 : Fungicides : Vinclozolin : 58 1.0 0.53 0.53 5.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2004 were 17,700 acres. Carrots, Fresh: Agricultural chemical applications, 2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Linuron : 97 2.3 0.60 1.40 6.0 : Fungicides : Chlorothalonil : 57 5.1 1.06 5.34 13.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2004 were 4,400 acres. Sweet Corn, Fresh: Agricultural chemical applications, 2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : 2,4-D : 1 1.2 1.06 1.27 0.1 Acetochlor : 2 1.0 1.54 1.54 0.3 Alachlor : 17 1.0 2.00 2.00 3.6 Atrazine : 75 1.0 1.04 1.08 8.4 Bentazon : 26 1.0 0.53 0.53 1.4 Dimethenamid-P : 5 1.0 0.58 0.58 0.3 Glyphosate : 3 1.0 0.60 0.60 0.2 Pendimethalin : 17 1.0 0.97 0.97 1.7 S-Metolachlor : 34 1.1 1.15 1.29 4.6 : Insecticides : Carbaryl : 3 3.1 1.29 3.96 1.1 Cyfluthrin : 13 1.7 0.03 0.05 0.1 Diazinon : 1 1.4 1.82 2.53 0.3 Esfenvalerate : 13 1.8 0.03 0.06 0.1 Lambda-cyhalothrin : 57 3.4 0.03 0.09 0.5 Methomyl : 12 1.9 0.33 0.61 0.8 Permethrin : 10 2.8 0.14 0.39 0.4 Thiodicarb : 12 2.6 0.62 1.59 2.0 : Fungicides : Mancozeb : 2 2.0 1.28 2.57 0.6 Propiconazole : 11 1.6 0.11 0.17 0.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2004 were 10,500 acres. Cucumbers, Fresh: Agricultural chemical applications, 2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Ethalfluralin : 56 1.0 0.62 0.64 2.7 Glyphosate : 2 1.4 1.19 1.64 0.3 S-Metolachlor : 5 1.2 1.57 1.86 0.7 : Insecticides : Carbaryl : 3 1.9 0.70 1.33 0.3 Endosulfan : 6 2.0 0.53 1.08 0.5 Esfenvalerate : 12 3.1 0.03 0.10 0.1 Permethrin : 47 2.9 0.09 0.27 1.0 : Fungicides : Azoxystrobin : 63 1.4 0.17 0.23 1.1 Chlorothalonil : 87 2.4 1.42 3.39 22.3 Copper hydroxide : 90 3.4 0.54 1.87 12.6 Mancozeb : 5 4.1 0.91 3.78 1.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2004 were 7,500 acres. Cucumbers, Pickles: Agricultural chemical applications, 2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Clomazone : 44 1.0 0.16 0.16 2.5 Ethalfluralin : 72 1.0 0.70 0.70 17.6 Halosulfuron : 25 1.0 0.03 0.03 0.2 Naptalam : 5 1.0 1.74 1.74 2.8 : Fungicides : Chlorothalonil : 4 1.7 1.19 2.08 3.0 Copper hydroxide : 8 1.4 0.58 0.85 2.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2004 were 35,000 acres. Pumpkins: Agricultural chemical applications, 2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Clomazone : 38 1.0 0.45 0.47 1.4 Ethalfluralin : 41 1.0 0.80 0.82 2.6 Glyphosate : 7 1.0 0.82 0.83 0.5 Halosulfuron : 15 1.1 0.03 0.03 2/ S-Metolachlor : 3 1.0 1.41 1.41 0.3 : Insecticides : Carbaryl : 23 3.3 1.14 3.76 6.7 Carbofuran : 5 1.0 0.62 0.62 0.2 Endosulfan : 16 2.8 0.69 1.94 2.4 Esfenvalerate : 17 4.0 0.03 0.13 0.2 Imidacloprid : 2 1.0 0.15 0.15 2/ Malathion : 5 1.2 0.86 1.00 0.4 Permethrin : 9 1.5 0.13 0.19 0.1 : Fungicides : Azoxystrobin : 4 1.8 0.15 0.26 0.1 Chlorothalonil : 56 3.3 1.21 3.97 17.3 Copper hydroxide : 43 2.8 0.53 1.51 5.1 Mancozeb : 6 1.8 0.64 1.15 0.5 Mefenoxam : 7 1.4 0.16 0.22 0.1 Myclobutanil : 22 2.0 0.09 0.19 0.3 Thiophanate-methyl : 9 1.5 0.31 0.47 0.3 Trifloxystrobin : 4 1.2 0.06 0.07 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2004 were 7,800 acres. 2/ Area applied is less than one percent. Squash: Agricultural chemical applications, 2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agricultural : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : applied :Applications:application: crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs : Herbicides : Clomazone : 29 1.1 0.25 0.26 0.5 Ethalfluralin : 43 1.1 0.79 0.85 2.6 Glyphosate : 5 1.1 1.04 1.10 0.4 S-Metolachlor : 8 1.1 1.52 1.70 0.9 : Insecticides : Carbaryl : 25 1.8 0.66 1.17 2.1 Endosulfan : 12 1.8 0.62 1.13 0.9 Esfenvalerate : 32 2.7 0.03 0.09 0.2 Malathion : 4 1.4 1.29 1.75 0.4 Permethrin : 35 2.3 0.12 0.28 0.7 : Fungicides : Chlorothalonil : 68 2.7 1.35 3.64 17.7 Copper hydroxide : 45 3.7 0.52 1.94 6.2 Dimethomorph : 7 3.0 0.03 0.09 2/ Mancozeb : 9 3.6 0.89 3.18 2.1 Mefenoxam : 12 1.0 0.10 0.11 0.1 Myclobutanil : 13 1.6 0.09 0.14 0.1 Thiophanate-methyl : 4 1.0 0.16 0.16 0.1 Trifloxystrobin : 8 1.5 0.31 0.46 0.3 : 2 1.0 0.06 0.06 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Planted acres in 2004 were 7,200 acres. 2/ Area applied is less than one percent. Fertilizer applications: Winter wheat, 2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Fertilizer :Symbol: applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Percent Number Pounds per acre Million pounds : : Nitrogen : N : 97 2.2 53 115 73.5 Phosphate : P2O5 : 71 1.2 50 59 27.5 Potash : K2O : 77 1.2 64 75 38.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 2004 were 660,000 acres. Agricultural chemical applications: Winter wheat, 2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agricultrual : Area : : Rate per : Rate per : Total Chemical : applied : Applications : application : crop year : applied ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent Number Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds : Herbicides : 2,4-D : 12 1 0.42 0.42 34 2,4-DP, Dimeth. Salt: 5 1 0.52 0.52 16 Acetic acid (2,4-D) : 3 1 0.60 0.60 12 Glyphosate : 2 1 0.74 0.74 9 Thifensulfuron : 20 1 0.01 0.01 2 Tribenuron-methyl : 16 1 0.006 0.006 1 Insecticides : Lambda-cyhalothrin : 3 1 0.02 0.02 1 Zeta-cypermethrin : 8 1 0.04 0.04 2 Fungicides : Propiconazole : 4 1 0.08 0.08 2 Tebuconazole : 8 1 0.11 0.11 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Planted acres in 2004 were 660,000 acres. Agricultural chemicals: Common and trade names by class Herbicides Common name Trade name 2, 4-D several names 2, 4-D, Dimeth. salt several names Acetic acid several names Acetochlor Degree Xtra, Harness Xtra, Keystone, TopNotch Alachlor several names Atrazine several names Bentazon Basagran, Conclude Xtra, Laddok, Manfiest, Pledge Clomazone Command, Strategy Dimethenamid-P G-Max, Guardsman, Outlook Diuron Direx, Diurin, Karmax Ethalfluralin Sonolan, Curbit, Strategy Glyphosate several names Halosulfuron Permit, Sandea Imazethapyr Pursuit Linuron Linex, Lorox Metribuzin Lexone, Sencor Naptalam Alanap-L Paraquat Gramoxone, Starfire Pendimethalin Pendimax, Prowl, Prozine, Pursuit Sethoxydim BASF Poast, Manifest, Poast, Rezult G S-Metolachlor Bicep, Cinch, Dual Magnum, Lumax Terbacil Sinbar Thifensulfuron Ally Extra, Canvas, Harmony, Pinnacle Tribenuron-methyl Ally Extra, Canvas, Express, Harmony, X-TRA (Cheyenne) Trifluralin Preen, Treflan, Tri-4, Trifluralin, Trilin, Trust Insecticides Common name Trade name Bifenthrin Brigade, Capture, Discipline, Empower Carbaryl Sevin Carbofuran Furadan Cyfluthrin Aztec, Bayer Adv. Garden Powerforce, Baythroid, Renounce Diazinon D-264, Diazinon, D-z-n Diazinon Endosulfan Endosulfan, Phaser, Thiodan, Thionex, Thirethrin Esfenvalerate Asana, Curbit, Ortho Bug-B-Gon, Sonalan, Strategy Imidacloprid Admire, Marathon, Provado Lambda-cyhalothrin Karate, Warrior Malathion Cythion, Fyfanon Permethrin Ambush, Arctic, Perm-up, Pemethrin, Pounce Thiodicarb Larvin Zeta-cypermethrin Fury, Mustang Fungicides Common name Trade name Azoxystrobin Amistar, Quadris (aka Abound), Quilt Chlorothalonil several names Copper hydroxide several names Dimethomorph Acrobat Mancozeb several names Mefenoxam Fourish Ultra, Flouronil, Ridomil Myclobutanil Nova, Rally Propiconazole Artisan Peanut, Bravo, Bumper, PropiMax, Quilt Stratego, Tilt Pyraclostrobin Cabrio, Headline, Pristine Tebuconazole Folicur Thiophanate-methyl Thiophanate Methyl, Topsin Trifloxystrobin Flint Commercial fertilizer consumption: 2000-2004 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Year ending June 30 Item :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2000 : 2001 : 2002 : 2003 : 2004 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Short tons : Primary plant nutrients : Total N : 249,543 238,810 240,680 238,296 264,850 N in multi-nutrients : 57,104 55,076 55,048 60,449 60,405 Total P2O5 : 87,001 85,873 84,734 85,485 94,352 P2O5 in multi-nutrients : 84,539 83,794 82,377 83,193 92,225 Total K2O : 202,481 184,568 189,200 189,463 210,479 K2O in multi-nurtrients : 47,828 47,563 41,924 45,298 46,989 Total plant nutrients : 539,024 509,251 514,615 513,243 569,680 Average analysis : 42.9 42.6 43.1 40.1 41.1 Total nutrients in multi-nutrients : 189,471 186,433 179,349 188,940 199,620 : Selected single-nutrient materials : Ammonium nitrate : 5,622 6,287 5,405 7,856 6,619 Anhydrous ammonia : 56,757 50,984 52,766 39,235 43,551 Nitrogen solutions : 265,544 288,641 284,355 285,787 323,712 Urea : 126,452 110,001 107,305 107,854 132,493 Ammonium sulfate : 22,477 22,164 23,569 25,294 30,376 Concentrated superphosphate : 4,966 3,945 4,984 4,515 4,139 Potassium chloride : 250,410 221,427 236,720 231,668 259,011 : Multiple-nutrient fertilizers : N-P-K : 361,992 366,861 334,670 265,924 294,691 N-P : 115,616 122,840 129,900 133,062 142,136 N-K : 22,281 24,353 27,096 34,853 33,024 P-K : 4,561 4,771 3,831 2,828 3,129 : Leading multiple-nutrient grades : 10-34-0 : 37,385 40,775 44,303 46,717 50,860 18-46-0 : 34,569 33,232 36,672 37,149 35,938 11-52-0 : 24,987 26,571 24,636 25,865 34,428 8-18-5 : 5,675 5,614 8,703 18,675 19-19-19 : 14,353 13,035 13,989 12,709 16,547 12-12-12 : 11,564 7,403 7,528 6,641 7,916 : Fertilizer consumption by classes : Dry bulk single-nutrient : 452,227 382,845 392,966 443,887 472,774 Dry bagged single-nutrient : 7,453 14,862 23,385 40,127 35,943 Fluid single-nutrient : 324,357 343,883 339,295 343,115 373,002 Dry bulk multiple-nutrient : 259,482 243,576 223,668 231,005 248,576 Dry bagged multiple-nutrient : 165,491 188,375 187,396 132,037 150,598 Fluid multiple-nutrient : 79,476 86,874 84,433 73,625 73,805 Organics, secondary and micronutrients : 39,220 24,729 31,883 84,679 60,845 : Total : 1,327,707 1,285,144 1,283,026 1,348,475 1,415,544 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Source: The Association of American Plant Food Control Officials