Agricultural Chemical Usage, 1997

Two Agricultural Chemical Usage reports were released this year, the 1997 Field Crops Summary and the 1997 Fruits Summary. The USDA Pesticide Data Program funded these reports (PDP). The purpose of the PDP is to upgrade the reliability of pesticide use statistics. This data series addresses the increased public interest in the use of agricultural chemicals and allows government agencies to respond effectively to food safety and water quality issues. This has become especially important due to the data requirements of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996.

The 1997 Field Crops Summary contains Michigan data for corn and soybeans. This is the eighth annual issuance of this report, starting in 1990.

The 1997 Fruit Summary includes data on six Michigan fruit crops: apples, blueberries, sweet cherries, tart cherries, grapes and peaches. This is the fourth report in the series. Previous fruit reports covered the 1991, 1993 and 1995 crop years. Information is gathered every other year on a rotational basis, with vegetable chemical use statistics produced during the intervening years.

Common and associated trade names of agricultural chemicals
Common name	Trade name	Common name	Trade name
2,4-D	several	imidacloprid	Admire
abamectin	Agri-Mek	iprodione	Rovral
allium sativum	Allium Sativum	malathion	several
azinphos-methyl	Guthion	mancozeb	several
basic copper sulfate	Top Cop, Tri-Basic	maneb	several
benomyl	Benlate	metalaxyl	Ridomil
benzyladenine	Accel	methomyl	Lannate
Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis)	several	methyl parathion	several
butenic acid hydro.	Retain	metiram	Polyram
calcium polysulfide	several	myclobutanil	Rally, Nova
captan	captan	NAA	several
carbaryl	Sevin, Savit	NAD	Amid-Thin
chlorothalonil	Bravo	napropamide	Devrinol
chlorpyrifos	Lorsban	Neem Oil, Hydrophob	Trilogy
clofentezine	Apollo	norflurazon	Solicam
copper hydroxide	several	oryzalin	Surflan
copper oxychlo. sul.	C-O-C-S	oxamyl	Vydate
copper resinate	Tenn-Cop	oxyfluorfen	Goal
copper sulfate	copper sulfate	oxytetracycline	Mycoshield
cytokinins	Triggrr, Promalin	oxythioquinox	Morestan
diazinon	several	paraquat	Gramoxone
dicofol	Kelthane	permethrin	Ambush, Pounce
dimethoate	several	petroleum distillate	several
dinocap	Karathane	phosmet	Imidan
diuron	Karmex, Direx	phosphamidon	phosphamidon
dodine	Cyprex, Syllit	piperonyl butoxide	Buticide, Incite
DNOC	Elgetol	propiconazole	Banner, Orbit
endosulfan	Thiodan	pyrethrins	Pyrethrins
esfenvalerate	Asana	rotenone	Rotenone
ethephon	Ethrel	sethoxydim	Poast
ethion	ethion	simazine	Princep
fenamiphos	Nemacur	streptomycin	Agri-Strep
fenarimol	Rubigan	sulfosate	Touchdown
fenbuconazole	RH-7592	sulfur	several
fenbutatin-oxide	Vendex	tebufenozide	Confirm
ferbam	Carbamate	terbacil	Sinbar
formetanate hydro.	Carzol	thiophanate-methyl	Topsin
fosetyl-al	Alliette	triadimefon	Bayleton
gibberellic acid	ProGibb, ProVide, GibGro, Promalin	triforine	Funginex
glyphosate	Roundup, Rattler	vinclozolin	Ronilan
hexazinone	Velpar	zinc phosphide	several
hexythiazox	Savey	ziram	ziram

Table 5.1 Agricultural chemical applications: Corn, Michigan,1997

[1997 Michigan planted acreage was 2.6 million acres]

Agricultural
chemical ¹ Area
applied Applications Rate per
application Rate per crop year Total
applied

Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000
pounds

Herbicides:

    2,4-D (several)
15 1.0 0.21 0.21 85

    Acetochlor (Harness, Surpass)
21 1.0 2.25 2.25 1,205

    Alachlor (Lasso)
3 1.0 1.27 1.27 85

    Atrazine (AAtrex)
72 1.0 1.22 1.27 2,384

    Cyanazine (Bladex)
19 1.0 0.92 0.92 447

    Dicamba (Banvel)
14 1.0 0.21 0.21 77

    Flumetsulam (Broadstrike)
8 1.0 0.03 0.03 5

    Glyphosate (several)
8 1.0 0.53 0.54 119

    Metolachlor (Dual)
44 1.0 1.67 1.67 1,905

    Nicosulfuron (Accent)
10 1.0 0.02 0.02 6

    Pendimethalin (Prowl)
6 1.0 0.96 0.96 143

Insecticides:

    Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban, Dursban)
4 1.0 1.31 1.31 153

¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals:
        Herbicides-Bentazon (Basagran,Pledge), Bromoxynil (Buctril, Brominal), Butylate (Applaud), Clopyralid (Stinger), Dimethenamid (Dimilin), EPTC (Eptam, Eradicane, Genep), Imazethapyr (Pursuit), Metriabuzin (Sencor, Lexone), Paraquat (Gramoxone, Cyclone, Starfire), Primisulfuron (Beacon), Prosulfuron (Peak), Simazine (Princep).
        Insecticides-Cyfluthrin (Baythroid), Fonofos (Dyfonate), Lambdacyhalothrin (Karate), Tebupirimphos (Aztec), Terbufos (Counter).

Table 5.2 Agricultural chemical applications: Soybeans, Michigan,1997

[1997 Michigan planted acreage was 1.9 million acres]

Agricultural
chemical ¹ Area
applied Applications Rate per application Rate per crop year Total
applied

Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000
pounds

Herbicides:

    Acifluorfen (Blazer, Tackle)
13 1.0 0.17 0.17 41

    Chlorimuron-ethyl (Classic)
24 1.0 0.02 0.02 10

    Flumetsulam (Broadstrike)
12 1.0 0.06 0.06 13

    Glyphosate (several)
33 1.1 0.80 0.86 533

    Imazaquin (Scepter)
12 1.0 0.07 0.07 16

    Imazethapyr (Arsenal)
39 1.0 0.05 0.05 35

    Linuron (Lorox, Linex)
13 1.0 0.42 0.42 103

    Metolachlor (Dual)
20 1.0 1.97 1.97 752

    Metribuzin (Sencor, Lexone)
25 1.0 0.18 0.18 86

    Pendimethalin (Prowl)
16 1.0 0.92 0.92 277

    Quizalofop-ethyl (Assure)
25 1.0 0.05 0.05 26

    Thifensulfuron (Pinnacle)
10 1.0 0.003 0.003 1

¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricutural chemicals:
        Herbicides-2,4-D (several), Alachlor (Lasso), Clomazone (Command), Fenoxaprop (Whip, Option), Fluazifop-P-butyl (Fusilade), Fomesafen (Reflex), Lactofen (Cobra), Paraquat (Gramoxone, Cyclone, Starfire), Trifluralin (Treflan, Trilin, Trific).

Table 5.3 Agricultural chemical applications: Apples, Michigan, 1997

[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 55,000 acres]

Agricultural
chemical ¹ Area
applied Applications Rate per application Rate per
crop year Total
applied

Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds

Herbicides:

    2,4-D (several)

23 1.6 1.02 1.64 20.7

    Diuron (Karmex, Direx)
12 1.1 1.69 1.92 12.6

    Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)
44 1.3 0.89 1.19 29.0

    Norflurazon (Solicam)
1 1.3 1.97 2.48 1.5

    Oryzalin (Surflan)
1 1.3 2.62 3.51 1.6

    Paraquat (Gramoxone)
27 1.4 0.90 1.28 19.3

    Simazine (Princep)
32 1.3 1.22 1.53 27.0

    Terbacil (Sinbar)
10 1.1 0.85 0.96 5.3

Insecticides:

    Abamectin (Agri-mek)
19 1.2 0.01 0.01 0.1

    Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)
83 3.3 0.68 2.24 102.5

    Bt (Bacillus thur.) (several)² 4 1.9

    Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)
34 1.2 0.92 1.15 21.4

    Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)
81 2.2 1.10 2.38 105.7

    Clofentezine (Apollo)
6 1.0 0.11 0.11 0.4

    Dicofol (Kelthane)
1 1.0 3.27 3.39 2.1

    Dimethoate (several)
17 1.4 1.03 1.49 14.2

    Endosulfan (Thiodan)
21 1.4 1.04 1.46 16.6

    Esfenvalerate (Asana)
35 2.0 0.05 0.09 1.8

    Fenbutatin-oxide (Vendex)
1 1.0 0.48 0.49 0.3

    Formetanate hydro (Carzol)
1 1.4 0.79 1.15 0.6

    Hexythiazox (Savey)
25 1.0 0.13 0.13 1.7

    Imidacloprid (Admire)
42 1.6 0.06 0.09 2.1

    Methomyl (Lannate)
52 1.7 0.84 1.39 39.4

    Methyl parathion (several)
15 2.0 0.70 1.39 11.3

    Oxamyl (Vydate)
2 1.1 0.94 1.04 1.2

    Permethrin (Ambush, Pounce)
28 1.2 0.15 0.18 2.8

    Petroleum distillate (several)
22 1.4 12.90 17.87 220.6

    Phosmet (Imidan)

47 2.0 1.37 2.68 69.8

Fungicides:

    Benomyl (Benlate)
28 1.9 0.24 0.46 7.0

    Calcium polysulfide (several)
3 1.1 2.82 3.03 5.1

    Captan (Captan)

71 5.8 2.18 12.56 490.6

    Copper hydroxide (several)
27 1.3 1.07 1.34 20.0

    Copper oxychlo. sul. (C-O-C-S)
18 1.3 2.21 2.80 28.5

    Copper sulfate (Copper sulfate)
5 1.1 1.79 1.98 5.0

    Dodine (Cyprex, Syllit) 1 1.3 0.99 1.30 0.6

    Fenarimol (Rubigan)
34 3.2 0.06 0.19 3.5

    Fosetyl-al (Alliette)
2 1.6 1.62 2.59 2.8

    Mancozeb (several)
46 3.7 3.01 11.23 282.2

    Maneb (several)
9 3.8 2.22 8.41 42.4

    Metiram (Polyram)
39 4.3 2.88 12.43 263.8

    Myclobutanil (Rally, Nova)
32 4.3 0.12 0.53 9.4

    Oxytetracycline (Mycoshield)
1 2.1 0.24 0.50 0.3

    Streptomycin (Agri-strep)
29 1.9 0.21 0.41 6.5

    Sulfur (several)
32 2.9 5.10 14.86 257.6

    Thiophanate-methyl (Topsin)
7 2.7 0.30 0.80 3.0

    Triadimefon (Bayleton)
21 2.3 0.07 0.17 1.9

    Ziram (Ziram)
39 3.7 2.87 10.72 232.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 5.3 Agricultural chemical applications: Apples, Michigan, 1997
[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 55,000 acres]
Agricultural chemical ¹	Area applied	Applications	Rate per application	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre	Pounds per acre	1,000 pounds
Herbicides:
2,4-D (several)	23	1.6	1.02	1.64	20.7
Diuron (Karmex, Direx)	12	1.1	1.69	1.92	12.6
Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)	44	1.3	0.89	1.19	29.0
Norflurazon (Solicam)	1	1.3	1.97	2.48	1.5
Oryzalin (Surflan)	1	1.3	2.62	3.51	1.6
Paraquat (Gramoxone)	27	1.4	0.90	1.28	19.3
Simazine (Princep)	32	1.3	1.22	1.53	27.0
Terbacil (Sinbar)	10	1.1	0.85	0.96	5.3
Insecticides:
Abamectin (Agri-mek)	19	1.2	0.01	0.01	0.1
Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)	83	3.3	0.68	2.24	102.5
Bt (Bacillus thur.) (several)²	4	1.9
Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)	34	1.2	0.92	1.15	21.4
Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)	81	2.2	1.10	2.38	105.7
Clofentezine (Apollo)	6	1.0	0.11	0.11	0.4
Dicofol (Kelthane)	1	1.0	3.27	3.39	2.1
Dimethoate (several)	17	1.4	1.03	1.49	14.2
Endosulfan (Thiodan)	21	1.4	1.04	1.46	16.6
Esfenvalerate (Asana)	35	2.0	0.05	0.09	1.8
Fenbutatin-oxide (Vendex)	1	1.0	0.48	0.49	0.3
Formetanate hydro (Carzol)	1	1.4	0.79	1.15	0.6
Hexythiazox (Savey)	25	1.0	0.13	0.13	1.7
Imidacloprid (Admire)	42	1.6	0.06	0.09	2.1
Methomyl (Lannate)	52	1.7	0.84	1.39	39.4
Methyl parathion (several)	15	2.0	0.70	1.39	11.3
Oxamyl (Vydate)	2	1.1	0.94	1.04	1.2
Permethrin (Ambush, Pounce)	28	1.2	0.15	0.18	2.8
Petroleum distillate (several)	22	1.4	12.90	17.87	220.6
Phosmet (Imidan)	47	2.0	1.37	2.68	69.8
Fungicides:
Benomyl (Benlate)	28	1.9	0.24	0.46	7.0
Calcium polysulfide (several)	3	1.1	2.82	3.03	5.1
Captan (Captan)	71	5.8	2.18	12.56	490.6
Copper hydroxide (several)	27	1.3	1.07	1.34	20.0
Copper oxychlo. sul. (C-O-C-S)	18	1.3	2.21	2.80	28.5
Copper sulfate (Copper sulfate)	5	1.1	1.79	1.98	5.0
Dodine (Cyprex, Syllit)	1	1.3	0.99	1.30	0.6
Fenarimol (Rubigan)	34	3.2	0.06	0.19	3.5
Fosetyl-al (Alliette)	2	1.6	1.62	2.59	2.8
Mancozeb (several)	46	3.7	3.01	11.23	282.2
Maneb (several)	9	3.8	2.22	8.41	42.4
Metiram (Polyram)	39	4.3	2.88	12.43	263.8
Myclobutanil (Rally, Nova)	32	4.3	0.12	0.53	9.4
Oxytetracycline (Mycoshield)	1	2.1	0.24	0.50	0.3
Streptomycin (Agri-strep)	29	1.9	0.21	0.41	6.5
Sulfur (several)	32	2.9	5.10	14.86	257.6
Thiophanate-methyl (Topsin)	7	2.7	0.30	0.80	3.0
Triadimefon (Bayleton)	21	2.3	0.07	0.17	1.9
Ziram (Ziram)	39	3.7	2.87	10.72	232.3
See footnotes at end of table.

Table 5.3Agricultural chemical applications: Apples, Michigan, 1997 (continued)

[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 55,000 acres]

Agricultural
chemical ¹ Area
applied Applications Rate per application Rate per
crop year Total
applied

Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds

Other chemicals:

    Benzyladenine (Accel)
11 1.1 0 .03 0 .03 0.2

    Butenic Acid Hydro. (Retain)³
1 1.0 0 .09 0 .09

    Cytokinins (Triggrr, Promalin)³
2 1.0 0 .02 0 .02

    Ethephon (Ethrel)
3 1.3 0 .45 0 .60 1.0

    Gibberellic acid (several)
15 1.2 0 .007 0 .009 0.1

    NAA (several)
27 1.4 0 .02 0 .03 0.4

¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals:
        Herbicides-Sethoxydim (Poast).
        Insecticides-Fenamiphos (Nemacur), Oxythioquinox (Morestan), Phosphamidon (Phosphamidon), Tebufenozide (Confirm).
        Fungicides-Basic copper sulfate (Top Cop, Tri-Basic), Chlorothalonil (Bravo), Ferbam (Carbamate), Metalaxyl (Ridomil).Vinclozolin (Ronilan).
        Other chemicals-Allium sativum (Allium Sativum), DNOC (Elgetol), NAD (Amid-Thin).

² Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products.
³ Total applied is less than 50 pounds.

Table 5.3Agricultural chemical applications: Apples, Michigan, 1997 (continued)
[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 55,000 acres]
Agricultural chemical ¹	Area applied	Applications	Rate per application	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre	Pounds per acre	1,000 pounds
Other chemicals:
Benzyladenine (Accel)	11	1.1	0 .03	0 .03	0.2
Butenic Acid Hydro. (Retain)³	1	1.0	0 .09	0 .09
Cytokinins (Triggrr, Promalin)³	2	1.0	0 .02	0 .02
Ethephon (Ethrel)	3	1.3	0 .45	0 .60	1.0
Gibberellic acid (several)	15	1.2	0 .007	0 .009	0.1
NAA (several)	27	1.4	0 .02	0 .03	0.4
¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals: Herbicides-Sethoxydim (Poast). Insecticides-Fenamiphos (Nemacur), Oxythioquinox (Morestan), Phosphamidon (Phosphamidon), Tebufenozide (Confirm). Fungicides-Basic copper sulfate (Top Cop, Tri-Basic), Chlorothalonil (Bravo), Ferbam (Carbamate), Metalaxyl (Ridomil).Vinclozolin (Ronilan). Other chemicals-Allium sativum (Allium Sativum), DNOC (Elgetol), NAD (Amid-Thin).
² Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products. ³ Total applied is less than 50 pounds.

Table 5.4 Agricultural chemical applications: Blueberries, Michigan, 1997

[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 17,000 acres]

Agricultural
chemical ¹ Area
applied Applications Rate per application Rate per
crop year Total
applied

Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds

Herbicides:

    Diuron (Karmex, Direx)
50 1.0 1.34 1.34 11.5

    Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)
13 1.0 0.81 0.81 1.8

    Hexazinone (Velpar)
5 1.0 0.29 0.29 0.2

    Norflurazon (Solicam)
9 1.0 1.48 1.55 2.3

    Paraquat (Gramoxone)
5 1.1 0.38 0.42 0.3

    Simazine (Princep)
25 1.0 1.65 1.72 7.4

    Terbacil (Sinbar)
39 1.0 0.68 0.69 4.5

Insecticides:

    Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)
77 1.6 0.51 0.81 10.5

    Bt (Bacillus thur.) (several)²
22 1.4

    Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)
39 2.0 1.60 3.14 20.9

    Malathion (several)
74 2.2 1.15 2.56 32.4

    Methomyl (Lannate)
51 1.5 0.57 0.84 7.3

    Phosmet (Imidan)
46 1.9 0.94 1.79 13.9

Fungicides:

    Benomyl (Benlate)
44 1.9 0.50 0.97 7.3

    Captan (Captan)
73 2.9 1.98 5.80 71.9

    Chlorothalonil (Bravo)
19 1.5 2.40 3.51 11.5

    Fosetyl-al (Alliette)
14 1.2 3.22 3.94 9.4

    Triforine (Funginex)
57 1.7 0.28 0.48 4.7

    Ziram (Ziram)
5 1.4 2.18 2.99 2.6

¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals:

        Herbicides-2,4-D (several), Oryzalin (Surflan), Sethoxydim (Poast).

        Insecticides-Dimethoate (several), Piperonyl butoxide (Buticide, Incite), Pyrethrins (Pyrethrins), Rotenone (Rotenone).

        Fungicides-Calcium polysulfide (several), Sulfur (several).

² Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products.

Table 5.5 Agricultural chemical applications: Cherries, sweet, Michigan, 1997

[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 7,000 acres]

Agricultural
chemical ¹ Area
applied Applications Rate per application Rate per
crop year Total
applied

Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds

Herbicides:

    2,4-D (several)

22 1.5 0.61 0.93 1.5

    Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)
37 1.1 1.15 1.24 3.2

    Paraquat (Gramoxone)
29 1.4 0.51 0.71 1.4

    Simazine (Princep)
25 1.0 1.81 1.83 3.1

Insecticides:

    Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)
79 2.4 0.54 1.31 7.3

    Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)
29 1.9 1.99 3.67 7.5

    Esfenvalerate (Asana)
48 1.5 0.03 0.04 0.1

    Methyl parathion (several)
16 1.7 0.50 0.84 0.9

    Permethrin (Ambush, Pounce)
41 1.6 0.10 0.17 0.5

Fungicides:

    Benomyl (Benlate)
35 1.5 0.44 0.64 1.6

    Captan (Captan)
43 2.1 1.70 3.61 10.8

    Chlorothalonil (Bravo)
64 1.3 2.44 3.22 14.5

    Copper hydroxide (several)
3 1.2 1.27 1.47 0.3

    Dodine (Cyprex, Syllit)
4 2.6 0.59 1.54 0.4

    Fenbuconazole (RH-7592)
73 2.9 0.09 0.26 1.3

    Ferbam (Carbamate)
53 2.4 2.28 5.39 20.1

    Iprodione (Rovral)
16 1.2 0.74 0.90 1.0

    Myclobutanil (Rally, Nova)
6 2.4 0.10 0.24 0.1

    Propiconazole (Banner, Orbit)
7 1.9 0.12 0.23 0.1

    Sulfur (several)
86 4.8 7.60 36.81 221.4

    Ziram (Ziram)
23 1.8 3.02 5.40 8.7

Other chemicals:

    Ethephon (Ethrel)
75 1.1 0.50 0.56 2.9

¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals:
        Herbicides-Diuron (Karmex, Direx), Napropamide (Devrinol), Norflurazon (Solicam), Oryzalin (Surflan), Terbacil (Sinbar).
        Insecticides-Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban), Diazinon (several), Endosulfan (Thiodan), Ethion (Ethion), Oxamyl (Vydate), Petroleum distillate (several), Phosmet (Imidan).
        Fungicides-Basic copper sulfate (Top Cop, Tri-Basic), Calcium polysulfide (several), Copper oxychlo. sul. (C-O-C-S), Copper sulfate (Copper sulfate), Fenarimol (Rubigan), Maneb (several), Thiophanate-methyl (Topsin), Triforine (Funginex), Vinclozolin (Ronilan).
        Other chemicals-Gibberellic acid (several), Neem Oil, Hydrophob. (Trilogy).

Table 5.6 Agricultural chemical applications: Cherries, tart, Michigan, 1997

[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 26,800 acres]

Agricultural
chemical ¹ Area
applied Applications Rate per application Rate per
crop year Total
applied

Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds

Herbicides:

    2,4-D (several)

21 1.1 0.83 0.91 5.1

    Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)
38 1.1 1.04 1.11 11.4

    Norflurazon (Solicam)
4 1.0 1.48 1.48 1.7

    Paraquat (Gramoxone)
29 1.1 0.61 0.66 5.2

    Simazine (Princep)
40 1.0 1.52 1.53 16.5

Insecticides:

    Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)
74 2.5 0.55 1.41 27.7

    Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)
15 1.3 2.10 2.76 11.4

    Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)
19 1.0 0.88 0.91 4.6

    Esfenvalerate (Asana)
43 1.6 0.03 0.05 0.6

    Methyl parathion (several)
20 2.4 0.65 1.57 8.5

    Permethrin (Ambush, Pounce)
17 1.3 0.12 0.16 0.7

    Petroleum distillate (several)
11 1.0 23.28 23.74 68.8

    Phosmet (Imidan)
48 1.7 0.91 1.52 19.4

Fungicides:

    Benomyl (Benlate)
2 1.1 0.39 0.43 0.2

    Captan (Captan)

20 2.7 1.76 4.71 25.3

    Chlorothalonil (Bravo)
92 2.0 1.92 3.86 95.7

    Copper hydroxide (several) 5 2.9 1.53 4.42 6.4

    Copper oxychlo. sul. (C-O-C-S)
8 2.7 1.94 5.30 10.7

    Dodine (Cyprex, Syllit)
38 2.5 0.81 2.01 20.3

    Fenabuconazole (RH-7592)
56 3.0 0.08 0.24 3.6

    Iprodione (Rovral)
4 1.0 0.79 0.80 0.8

    Myclobutanil (Rally, Nova)
32 2.0 0.11 0.21 1.8

    Propiconazole (Banner, Orbit)
6 1.0 0.13 0.13 0.2

    Sulfur (several)
79 4.6 6.20 28.50 604.5

    Ziram (Ziram)
3 2.0 2.19 4.50 3.8

Other chemicals:

    Ethephon (Ethrel)
74 1.1 0.19 0.22 4.3

    Gibberellic acid (several)
31 1.3 0.08 0.11 0.9

¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals:
        Herbicides-Diuron (Karmex, Direx), Oryzalin (Surflan).
        Insecticides-Endosulfan (Thiodan), Fenbutatin-oxide (Vendex), Oxamyl (Vydate).
        Fungicides-Basic copper sulfate (Top Cop, Tri-Basic), Calcium polysulfide (several), Fenarimol (Rubigan), Ferbam (Carbamate), Mancozeb (several), Thiophanate-methyl (Topsin), Triforine (Funginex).

        Other chemicals-Zinc phosphide (several).

Table 5.7 Agricultural chemical applications: Grapes, Michigan, 1997

[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 12,100 acres]

Agricultural
chemical ¹ Area
applied Applications Rate per application Rate per
crop year Total
applied

Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds

Herbicides:

    Diuron (Karmex, Direx)
21 1.0 2.19 2.21 5.7

    Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)
76 1.2 1.12 1.40 12.9

    Oryzalin (Surflan)
11 1.0 3.19 3.28 4.4

    Paraquat (Gramoxone)
70 1.5 0.83 1.23 10.4

    Simazine (Princep)
43 1.0 2.13 2.17 11.3

Insecticides:

    Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)
63 1.7 1.34 2.31 17.6

    Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)
32 1.0 0.90 0.94 3.7

    Imidacloprid (Admire)²
12 1.0 0.01 0.01

    Methomyl (Lannate)
22 1.4 0.44 0.60 1.6

    Methyl parathion (several)
40 1.9 0.61 1.17 5.6

Fungicides:

    Benomyl (Benlate)
4 1.2 0.50 0.61 0.3

    Captan (Captan)
10 1.8 1.92 3.38 4.1

    Copper hydroxide (several)
13 1.5 0.51 0.77 1.3

    Ferbam (Carbamate)
13 2.2 2.25 5.06 7.8

    Iprodione (Rovral)
7 2.1 0.83 1.72 1.4

    Mancozeb (several)
86 2.5 2.25 5.69 59.5

    Metalaxyl (Ridomil)
13 1.5 0.18 0.27 0.4

    Myclobutanil (Rally, Nova)
54 1.8 0.09 0.17 1.1

    Sulfur (several)
6 2.5 3.49 8.67 5.9

    Triadimefon (Bayleton)
67 1.8 0.12 0.21 1.7

    Ziram (ziram)
43 1.6 2.53 4.07 21.0

¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals:
        Herbicides-Norflurazon (Solicam), Oxyfluorfen (Goal).
        Insecticides-Azinphos-methyl (Guthion), Dicofol (Kelthane), Endosulfan (Thiodan), Esfenvalerate (Asana), Fenbutatin-oxide (Vendex), Formetanate hydro. (Carzol), Petroleum distillate (several), Phosmet (imidan).
        Fungicides-Copper oxychlo. sul. (C-O-C-S), Copper resinate (Tenn-Cop), Dinocap (Karathane), Fenarimol Rubigan), Metiram (Polyram), Streptomycin (Agri-Strep).
² Total applied is less than 50 pounds.

Table 5.8 Agricultural chemical applications: Peaches, Michigan, 1997

[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 5,500 acres]

Agricultural
chemical ¹ Area
applied Applications Rate per application Rate per
crop year Total
applied

Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds

Herbicides:

    2,4-D (several)
15 1.4 1.27 1.77 1.4

    Diuron (Karmex, Direx)
10 1.0 1.59 1.59 0.9

    Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)
13 1.1 0.80 0.85 0.6

    Norflurazon (Solicam)
7 1.0 1.46 1.46 0.6

    Oryzalin (Surflan)
3 1.3 1.98 2.66 0.4

    Paraquat (Gramoxone)
51 1.4 0.87 1.24 3.5

    Simazine (Princep)
25 1.2 1.62 1.93 2.7

    Terbacil (Sinbar)
15 1.0 0.50 0.50 0.4

Insecticides:

    Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)
69 2.0 0.50 1.00 3.8

    Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)
15 1.3 1.88 2.51 2.1

    Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)
12 1.1 2.36 2.67 1.8

    Clofentezine (Apollo)²
6 1.0 0.12 0.12

    Endosulfan (Thiodan)
51 2.1 1.04 2.21 6.2

    Esfenvalerate (Asana)
70 2.5 0.03 0.08 0.3

    Methomyl (Lannate)
39 1.3 0.42 0.53 1.1

    Methyl parathion (several)
49 1.8 0.66 1.19 3.2

    Permethrin (Ambush, Pounce)
61 1.8 0.13 0.24 0.8

    Phosmet (Imidan)
24 1.6 1.34 2.17 2.9

Fungicides:

    Benomyl (Benlate)
12 1.8 0.47 0.83 0.5

    Captan (Captan)

38 4.0 1.97 7.82 16.5

    Chlorothalonil (Bravo)
19 1.4 2.32 3.14 3.3

    Copper hydroxide (several)
9 1.4 1.02 1.38 0.7

    Copper oxychlo. sul. (C-O-C-S)
24 1.7 1.98 3.47 4.6

    Copper sulfate (Copper sulfate)
5 1.0 1.59 1.59 0.4

    Dodine (Cyprex, Syllit)
40 3.8 0.24 0.92 2.0

    Fenbuconazole (RH-7592)
59 2.5 0.09 0.22 0.7

    Ferbam (Carbamate)
5 1.1 3.26 3.63 1.0

    Iprodione (Rovral)
7 1.6 0.68 1.09 0.4

    Myclobutanil (Rally, Nova)
10 1.2 0.08 0.10 0.1

    Oxytetracycline (Mycoshield)
34 1.8 0.16 0.29 0.5

    Propiconazole (Banner, Orbit)
55 2.0 0.11 0.21 0.6

    Sulfur (several) 88 5.3 6.74 35.73 173.5

¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals:
        Herbicides-Sulfosate (Touchdown).
        Insecticides-Bt (Bacillus thur.) (several), Fenamiphos (Nemacur), Formetanate hydro. (Carzol), Petroleum distillate (several).
        Fungicides-Basic copper sulfate (Top Cop, Tri-Basic), Calcium polysulfide (several), Fenarimol (Rubigan), Mancozeb (several), Metiram (Polyram), Thiophanate-methyl (Topsin), Triforine (Funginex), Ziram (Ziram).
        Other chemicals-NAA (several).

² Total applied is less than 50 pounds.

Table 5.9 Fertilizers: Quantities utilized, Michigan, 1993-97

Item Year ending June 30

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Commercial fertilizers Tons

    Total fertilizer
1,247,399 1,341,546 1,383,604 1,300,930 1,492,503

    Total N
240,397 280,090 264,572 229,150 275,600

    N in multi-nutrients
63,937 68,471 75,182 61,853 64,017

    Total P2O5
108,567 115,705 108,593 100,462 112,286

        P2O5 in multi-nutrients
105,286 111,579 105,504 98,261 101,154

Total K2O
218,484 235,008 220,154 222,550 246,467

        K2O in multi-nutrients
67,673 77,259 73,101 74,159 77,110

Total plant nutrients
567,448 630,803 593,320 552,162 634,354

        Average analysis
48.1 45.8 45.2 45.3 44.5

Total nutrients in multi-nutrients
236,897 257,310 253,786 234,272 242,281

Selected single-nutrient materials

    Ammonium nitrate
9,008 7,684 8,257 7,900 9,401

    Anhydrous ammonia
76,252 102,512 74,863 61,777 88,775

    Nitrogen solutions
216,922 242,567 250,770 226,868 260,369

    Urea
93,361 104,559 95,768 84,740 87,173

    Ammonium sulfate
36,394 22,670 21,964 15,093 71,007

    Concentrated superphosphate
6,817 7,799 6,493 4,762 5,202

    Secondary and micronutrients
32,779 31,145 20,514 34,463 20,345

    Potash materials (chloride)
235,646 254,298 234,845 237,984 271,868

Fertilizer consumption, July-December

    Multiple-nutrients
18.3 18.9 20.8 20.4 23.9

    Single-nutrients
22.4 28.3 28.4 33.6 35.5

    All fertilizers
20.8 24.5 25.1 27.8 30.8

Fertilizer consumption, by class

    Dry bulk single-nutrient
408,551 416,115 429,404 395,402 490,328

    Dry bagged single nutrient
5,479 7,108 7,021 12,918 8,820

    Dry bulk multiple nutrient
365,110 368,153 349,590 329,203 349,906

    Dry bagged multiple nutrient
73,956 102,249 182,292 167,705 174,006

    Fluid single nutrient
295,408 353,931 328,046 292,718 369,706

    Fluid multiple nutrient
61,064 62,845 66,736 68,522 79,392

Fertilizer consumption, multiple-nutrient

    N-P-K
346,262 374,143 433,577 418,228 434,859

    N-P
120,015 117,858 124,929 109,463 125,241

    N-K
23,561 30,502 30,269 28,418 31,768

    P-K
10,291 10,744 9,844 9,321 11,435

Source: The Association of American Plant Food Control Officials.

Table 5.10 Fertilizers: Leading multiple nutrient grades utilized, Michigan, 1993-97

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Grade Tons Grade Tons Grade Tons Grade Tons Grade Tons

18-46-0 54,528 18-46-0 42,100 18-46-0 48,160 18-46-0 38,217 18-46-0 42,223

10-34.0 26,997 10-34.0 34,175 10-34.0 37,092 (24) 33,995 10-34-0 40,220

19-19-19 22,610 19-19-19 24,248 19-19-19 18,670 19-19-19 18,677 19-19-19 20,139

6-24.24 22,371 6-24.24 16,917 28-3-3 16,121 (18) 13,977 6-24-24 13,385

12-12-12 17,387 12-12-12 14,801 6-24.24 14,321 9-23-30 13,305 12-12-12 11,752

11-52-0 17,223 11-52-0 12,897 9-23-30 12,228 12-12-12 10,051 9-23-30 9,398

10-50-0 8,512 9-23-30 11,873 11-52-0 11,110 11-52-0 9,107 3-10-10 8,775

16-16-16 8,108 8-24.3 10,847 10-50-0 10,192 10-50-0 8,730 11-52-0 8,682

8-24.3 7,928 10-50-0 10,046 12-12-12 9,310 3-10-10 8,531 10-50-0 8,584

9-23-30 7,552 6-14.40 7,196 8-24.3 8,079 8-25-3 7,582 6-15-40 7,804

Total 193,216 Total 185,100 Total 185,283 Total 162,172 Total 170,972

Source: The Association of American Plant Food Control Officials.

Table 5.1 Agricultural chemical applications: Corn, Michigan,1997
[1997 Michigan planted acreage was 2.6 million acres]
Agricultural chemical ¹	Area applied	Applications	Rate per application	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre	Pounds per acre	1,000 pounds
Herbicides:
2,4-D (several)	15	1.0	0.21	0.21	85
Acetochlor (Harness, Surpass)	21	1.0	2.25	2.25	1,205
Alachlor (Lasso)	3	1.0	1.27	1.27	85
Atrazine (AAtrex)	72	1.0	1.22	1.27	2,384
Cyanazine (Bladex)	19	1.0	0.92	0.92	447
Dicamba (Banvel)	14	1.0	0.21	0.21	77
Flumetsulam (Broadstrike)	8	1.0	0.03	0.03	5
Glyphosate (several)	8	1.0	0.53	0.54	119
Metolachlor (Dual)	44	1.0	1.67	1.67	1,905
Nicosulfuron (Accent)	10	1.0	0.02	0.02	6
Pendimethalin (Prowl)	6	1.0	0.96	0.96	143
Insecticides:
Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban, Dursban)	4	1.0	1.31	1.31	153
¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals: Herbicides-Bentazon (Basagran,Pledge), Bromoxynil (Buctril, Brominal), Butylate (Applaud), Clopyralid (Stinger), Dimethenamid (Dimilin), EPTC (Eptam, Eradicane, Genep), Imazethapyr (Pursuit), Metriabuzin (Sencor, Lexone), Paraquat (Gramoxone, Cyclone, Starfire), Primisulfuron (Beacon), Prosulfuron (Peak), Simazine (Princep). Insecticides-Cyfluthrin (Baythroid), Fonofos (Dyfonate), Lambdacyhalothrin (Karate), Tebupirimphos (Aztec), Terbufos (Counter).

Table 5.2 Agricultural chemical applications: Soybeans, Michigan,1997
[1997 Michigan planted acreage was 1.9 million acres]
Agricultural chemical ¹	Area applied	Applications	Rate per application	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre	Pounds per acre	1,000 pounds
Herbicides:
Acifluorfen (Blazer, Tackle)	13	1.0	0.17	0.17	41
Chlorimuron-ethyl (Classic)	24	1.0	0.02	0.02	10
Flumetsulam (Broadstrike)	12	1.0	0.06	0.06	13
Glyphosate (several)	33	1.1	0.80	0.86	533
Imazaquin (Scepter)	12	1.0	0.07	0.07	16
Imazethapyr (Arsenal)	39	1.0	0.05	0.05	35
Linuron (Lorox, Linex)	13	1.0	0.42	0.42	103
Metolachlor (Dual)	20	1.0	1.97	1.97	752
Metribuzin (Sencor, Lexone)	25	1.0	0.18	0.18	86
Pendimethalin (Prowl)	16	1.0	0.92	0.92	277
Quizalofop-ethyl (Assure)	25	1.0	0.05	0.05	26
Thifensulfuron (Pinnacle)	10	1.0	0.003	0.003	1
¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricutural chemicals: Herbicides-2,4-D (several), Alachlor (Lasso), Clomazone (Command), Fenoxaprop (Whip, Option), Fluazifop-P-butyl (Fusilade), Fomesafen (Reflex), Lactofen (Cobra), Paraquat (Gramoxone, Cyclone, Starfire), Trifluralin (Treflan, Trilin, Trific).

Table 5.4 Agricultural chemical applications: Blueberries, Michigan, 1997
[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 17,000 acres]
Agricultural chemical ¹	Area applied	Applications	Rate per application	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre	Pounds per acre	1,000 pounds
Herbicides:
Diuron (Karmex, Direx)	50	1.0	1.34	1.34	11.5
Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)	13	1.0	0.81	0.81	1.8
Hexazinone (Velpar)	5	1.0	0.29	0.29	0.2
Norflurazon (Solicam)	9	1.0	1.48	1.55	2.3
Paraquat (Gramoxone)	5	1.1	0.38	0.42	0.3
Simazine (Princep)	25	1.0	1.65	1.72	7.4
Terbacil (Sinbar)	39	1.0	0.68	0.69	4.5
Insecticides:
Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)	77	1.6	0.51	0.81	10.5
Bt (Bacillus thur.) (several)²	22	1.4
Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)	39	2.0	1.60	3.14	20.9
Malathion (several)	74	2.2	1.15	2.56	32.4
Methomyl (Lannate)	51	1.5	0.57	0.84	7.3
Phosmet (Imidan)	46	1.9	0.94	1.79	13.9
Fungicides:
Benomyl (Benlate)	44	1.9	0.50	0.97	7.3
Captan (Captan)	73	2.9	1.98	5.80	71.9
Chlorothalonil (Bravo)	19	1.5	2.40	3.51	11.5
Fosetyl-al (Alliette)	14	1.2	3.22	3.94	9.4
Triforine (Funginex)	57	1.7	0.28	0.48	4.7
Ziram (Ziram)	5	1.4	2.18	2.99	2.6
¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals:
Herbicides-2,4-D (several), Oryzalin (Surflan), Sethoxydim (Poast).
Insecticides-Dimethoate (several), Piperonyl butoxide (Buticide, Incite), Pyrethrins (Pyrethrins), Rotenone (Rotenone).
Fungicides-Calcium polysulfide (several), Sulfur (several).
² Rates and total applied are not available because amounts of active ingredient are not comparable between products.

Table 5.5 Agricultural chemical applications: Cherries, sweet, Michigan, 1997
[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 7,000 acres]
Agricultural chemical ¹	Area applied	Applications	Rate per application	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre	Pounds per acre	1,000 pounds
Herbicides:
2,4-D (several)	22	1.5	0.61	0.93	1.5
Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)	37	1.1	1.15	1.24	3.2
Paraquat (Gramoxone)	29	1.4	0.51	0.71	1.4
Simazine (Princep)	25	1.0	1.81	1.83	3.1
Insecticides:
Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)	79	2.4	0.54	1.31	7.3
Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)	29	1.9	1.99	3.67	7.5
Esfenvalerate (Asana)	48	1.5	0.03	0.04	0.1
Methyl parathion (several)	16	1.7	0.50	0.84	0.9
Permethrin (Ambush, Pounce)	41	1.6	0.10	0.17	0.5
Fungicides:
Benomyl (Benlate)	35	1.5	0.44	0.64	1.6
Captan (Captan)	43	2.1	1.70	3.61	10.8
Chlorothalonil (Bravo)	64	1.3	2.44	3.22	14.5
Copper hydroxide (several)	3	1.2	1.27	1.47	0.3
Dodine (Cyprex, Syllit)	4	2.6	0.59	1.54	0.4
Fenbuconazole (RH-7592)	73	2.9	0.09	0.26	1.3
Ferbam (Carbamate)	53	2.4	2.28	5.39	20.1
Iprodione (Rovral)	16	1.2	0.74	0.90	1.0
Myclobutanil (Rally, Nova)	6	2.4	0.10	0.24	0.1
Propiconazole (Banner, Orbit)	7	1.9	0.12	0.23	0.1
Sulfur (several)	86	4.8	7.60	36.81	221.4
Ziram (Ziram)	23	1.8	3.02	5.40	8.7
Other chemicals:
Ethephon (Ethrel)	75	1.1	0.50	0.56	2.9
¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals: Herbicides-Diuron (Karmex, Direx), Napropamide (Devrinol), Norflurazon (Solicam), Oryzalin (Surflan), Terbacil (Sinbar). Insecticides-Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban), Diazinon (several), Endosulfan (Thiodan), Ethion (Ethion), Oxamyl (Vydate), Petroleum distillate (several), Phosmet (Imidan). Fungicides-Basic copper sulfate (Top Cop, Tri-Basic), Calcium polysulfide (several), Copper oxychlo. sul. (C-O-C-S), Copper sulfate (Copper sulfate), Fenarimol (Rubigan), Maneb (several), Thiophanate-methyl (Topsin), Triforine (Funginex), Vinclozolin (Ronilan). Other chemicals-Gibberellic acid (several), Neem Oil, Hydrophob. (Trilogy).

Table 5.6 Agricultural chemical applications: Cherries, tart, Michigan, 1997
[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 26,800 acres]
Agricultural chemical ¹	Area applied	Applications	Rate per application	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre	Pounds per acre	1,000 pounds
Herbicides:
2,4-D (several)	21	1.1	0.83	0.91	5.1
Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)	38	1.1	1.04	1.11	11.4
Norflurazon (Solicam)	4	1.0	1.48	1.48	1.7
Paraquat (Gramoxone)	29	1.1	0.61	0.66	5.2
Simazine (Princep)	40	1.0	1.52	1.53	16.5
Insecticides:
Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)	74	2.5	0.55	1.41	27.7
Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)	15	1.3	2.10	2.76	11.4
Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)	19	1.0	0.88	0.91	4.6
Esfenvalerate (Asana)	43	1.6	0.03	0.05	0.6
Methyl parathion (several)	20	2.4	0.65	1.57	8.5
Permethrin (Ambush, Pounce)	17	1.3	0.12	0.16	0.7
Petroleum distillate (several)	11	1.0	23.28	23.74	68.8
Phosmet (Imidan)	48	1.7	0.91	1.52	19.4
Fungicides:
Benomyl (Benlate)	2	1.1	0.39	0.43	0.2
Captan (Captan)	20	2.7	1.76	4.71	25.3
Chlorothalonil (Bravo)	92	2.0	1.92	3.86	95.7
Copper hydroxide (several)	5	2.9	1.53	4.42	6.4
Copper oxychlo. sul. (C-O-C-S)	8	2.7	1.94	5.30	10.7
Dodine (Cyprex, Syllit)	38	2.5	0.81	2.01	20.3
Fenabuconazole (RH-7592)	56	3.0	0.08	0.24	3.6
Iprodione (Rovral)	4	1.0	0.79	0.80	0.8
Myclobutanil (Rally, Nova)	32	2.0	0.11	0.21	1.8
Propiconazole (Banner, Orbit)	6	1.0	0.13	0.13	0.2
Sulfur (several)	79	4.6	6.20	28.50	604.5
Ziram (Ziram)	3	2.0	2.19	4.50	3.8
Other chemicals:
Ethephon (Ethrel)	74	1.1	0.19	0.22	4.3
Gibberellic acid (several)	31	1.3	0.08	0.11	0.9
¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals: Herbicides-Diuron (Karmex, Direx), Oryzalin (Surflan). Insecticides-Endosulfan (Thiodan), Fenbutatin-oxide (Vendex), Oxamyl (Vydate). Fungicides-Basic copper sulfate (Top Cop, Tri-Basic), Calcium polysulfide (several), Fenarimol (Rubigan), Ferbam (Carbamate), Mancozeb (several), Thiophanate-methyl (Topsin), Triforine (Funginex).
Other chemicals-Zinc phosphide (several).

Table 5.7 Agricultural chemical applications: Grapes, Michigan, 1997
[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 12,100 acres]
Agricultural chemical ¹	Area applied	Applications	Rate per application	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre	Pounds per acre	1,000 pounds
Herbicides:
Diuron (Karmex, Direx)	21	1.0	2.19	2.21	5.7
Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)	76	1.2	1.12	1.40	12.9
Oryzalin (Surflan)	11	1.0	3.19	3.28	4.4
Paraquat (Gramoxone)	70	1.5	0.83	1.23	10.4
Simazine (Princep)	43	1.0	2.13	2.17	11.3
Insecticides:
Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)	63	1.7	1.34	2.31	17.6
Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)	32	1.0	0.90	0.94	3.7
Imidacloprid (Admire)²	12	1.0	0.01	0.01
Methomyl (Lannate)	22	1.4	0.44	0.60	1.6
Methyl parathion (several)	40	1.9	0.61	1.17	5.6
Fungicides:
Benomyl (Benlate)	4	1.2	0.50	0.61	0.3
Captan (Captan)	10	1.8	1.92	3.38	4.1
Copper hydroxide (several)	13	1.5	0.51	0.77	1.3
Ferbam (Carbamate)	13	2.2	2.25	5.06	7.8
Iprodione (Rovral)	7	2.1	0.83	1.72	1.4
Mancozeb (several)	86	2.5	2.25	5.69	59.5
Metalaxyl (Ridomil)	13	1.5	0.18	0.27	0.4
Myclobutanil (Rally, Nova)	54	1.8	0.09	0.17	1.1
Sulfur (several)	6	2.5	3.49	8.67	5.9
Triadimefon (Bayleton)	67	1.8	0.12	0.21	1.7
Ziram (ziram)	43	1.6	2.53	4.07	21.0
¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals: Herbicides-Norflurazon (Solicam), Oxyfluorfen (Goal). Insecticides-Azinphos-methyl (Guthion), Dicofol (Kelthane), Endosulfan (Thiodan), Esfenvalerate (Asana), Fenbutatin-oxide (Vendex), Formetanate hydro. (Carzol), Petroleum distillate (several), Phosmet (imidan). Fungicides-Copper oxychlo. sul. (C-O-C-S), Copper resinate (Tenn-Cop), Dinocap (Karathane), Fenarimol Rubigan), Metiram (Polyram), Streptomycin (Agri-Strep). ² Total applied is less than 50 pounds.

Table 5.8 Agricultural chemical applications: Peaches, Michigan, 1997
[1997 Michigan bearing acreage was 5,500 acres]
Agricultural chemical ¹	Area applied	Applications	Rate per application	Rate per crop year	Total applied
	Percent	Number	Pounds per acre	Pounds per acre	1,000 pounds
Herbicides:
2,4-D (several)	15	1.4	1.27	1.77	1.4
Diuron (Karmex, Direx)	10	1.0	1.59	1.59	0.9
Glyphosate (Roundup, Rattler)	13	1.1	0.80	0.85	0.6
Norflurazon (Solicam)	7	1.0	1.46	1.46	0.6
Oryzalin (Surflan)	3	1.3	1.98	2.66	0.4
Paraquat (Gramoxone)	51	1.4	0.87	1.24	3.5
Simazine (Princep)	25	1.2	1.62	1.93	2.7
Terbacil (Sinbar)	15	1.0	0.50	0.50	0.4
Insecticides:
Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)	69	2.0	0.50	1.00	3.8
Carbaryl (Sevin, Savit)	15	1.3	1.88	2.51	2.1
Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)	12	1.1	2.36	2.67	1.8
Clofentezine (Apollo)²	6	1.0	0.12	0.12
Endosulfan (Thiodan)	51	2.1	1.04	2.21	6.2
Esfenvalerate (Asana)	70	2.5	0.03	0.08	0.3
Methomyl (Lannate)	39	1.3	0.42	0.53	1.1
Methyl parathion (several)	49	1.8	0.66	1.19	3.2
Permethrin (Ambush, Pounce)	61	1.8	0.13	0.24	0.8
Phosmet (Imidan)	24	1.6	1.34	2.17	2.9
Fungicides:
Benomyl (Benlate)	12	1.8	0.47	0.83	0.5
Captan (Captan)	38	4.0	1.97	7.82	16.5
Chlorothalonil (Bravo)	19	1.4	2.32	3.14	3.3
Copper hydroxide (several)	9	1.4	1.02	1.38	0.7
Copper oxychlo. sul. (C-O-C-S)	24	1.7	1.98	3.47	4.6
Copper sulfate (Copper sulfate)	5	1.0	1.59	1.59	0.4
Dodine (Cyprex, Syllit)	40	3.8	0.24	0.92	2.0
Fenbuconazole (RH-7592)	59	2.5	0.09	0.22	0.7
Ferbam (Carbamate)	5	1.1	3.26	3.63	1.0
Iprodione (Rovral)	7	1.6	0.68	1.09	0.4
Myclobutanil (Rally, Nova)	10	1.2	0.08	0.10	0.1
Oxytetracycline (Mycoshield)	34	1.8	0.16	0.29	0.5
Propiconazole (Banner, Orbit)	55	2.0	0.11	0.21	0.6
Sulfur (several)	88	5.3	6.74	35.73	173.5
¹ Insufficient reports to publish data for the following agricultural chemicals: Herbicides-Sulfosate (Touchdown). Insecticides-Bt (Bacillus thur.) (several), Fenamiphos (Nemacur), Formetanate hydro. (Carzol), Petroleum distillate (several). Fungicides-Basic copper sulfate (Top Cop, Tri-Basic), Calcium polysulfide (several), Fenarimol (Rubigan), Mancozeb (several), Metiram (Polyram), Thiophanate-methyl (Topsin), Triforine (Funginex), Ziram (Ziram). Other chemicals-NAA (several).
² Total applied is less than 50 pounds.

Table 5.9 Fertilizers: Quantities utilized, Michigan, 1993-97
Item	Year ending June 30
Item	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
Commercial fertilizers	Tons
Total fertilizer	1,247,399	1,341,546	1,383,604	1,300,930	1,492,503
Total N	240,397	280,090	264,572	229,150	275,600
N in multi-nutrients	63,937	68,471	75,182	61,853	64,017
Total P2O5	108,567	115,705	108,593	100,462	112,286
P2O5 in multi-nutrients	105,286	111,579	105,504	98,261	101,154
Total K2O	218,484	235,008	220,154	222,550	246,467
K2O in multi-nutrients	67,673	77,259	73,101	74,159	77,110
Total plant nutrients	567,448	630,803	593,320	552,162	634,354
Average analysis	48.1	45.8	45.2	45.3	44.5
Total nutrients in multi-nutrients	236,897	257,310	253,786	234,272	242,281
Selected single-nutrient materials
Ammonium nitrate	9,008	7,684	8,257	7,900	9,401
Anhydrous ammonia	76,252	102,512	74,863	61,777	88,775
Nitrogen solutions	216,922	242,567	250,770	226,868	260,369
Urea	93,361	104,559	95,768	84,740	87,173
Ammonium sulfate	36,394	22,670	21,964	15,093	71,007
Concentrated superphosphate	6,817	7,799	6,493	4,762	5,202
Secondary and micronutrients	32,779	31,145	20,514	34,463	20,345
Potash materials (chloride)	235,646	254,298	234,845	237,984	271,868
Fertilizer consumption, July-December
Multiple-nutrients	18.3	18.9	20.8	20.4	23.9
Single-nutrients	22.4	28.3	28.4	33.6	35.5
All fertilizers	20.8	24.5	25.1	27.8	30.8
Fertilizer consumption, by class
Dry bulk single-nutrient	408,551	416,115	429,404	395,402	490,328
Dry bagged single nutrient	5,479	7,108	7,021	12,918	8,820
Dry bulk multiple nutrient	365,110	368,153	349,590	329,203	349,906
Dry bagged multiple nutrient	73,956	102,249	182,292	167,705	174,006
Fluid single nutrient	295,408	353,931	328,046	292,718	369,706
Fluid multiple nutrient	61,064	62,845	66,736	68,522	79,392
Fertilizer consumption, multiple-nutrient
N-P-K	346,262	374,143	433,577	418,228	434,859
N-P	120,015	117,858	124,929	109,463	125,241
N-K	23,561	30,502	30,269	28,418	31,768
P-K	10,291	10,744	9,844	9,321	11,435
Source: The Association of American Plant Food Control Officials.