Table 4.1_Field crops: Area, production, and value
Item and unit Year Area Production Price received 1 Value of production
Planted Harvested Per acre Total
1,000
acres
1,000
acres
1,000 Dollars 1,000
dollars
Barley, bushels
1994 35 32 51 1,632 1.75 2,856
1995 25 23 50 1,150 2.65 3,048
1996 28 25 48 1,200 2.40 2,880
1997 25 22 58 1,276 1.90 2,424
1998 30 26 50 1,300 1.50 1,950
Beans, dry, cwt. 2
1994 390 360 1,300 4,680 27.10 126,828
1995 390 385 1,800 6,930 19.40 134,442
1996 340 320 1,450 4,640 21.70 100,688
1997 315 305 1,620 4,941 18.90 93,385
1998 300 295 1,500 4,425 22.50 99,563
Corn, all, bushels
1994 2,500 -- -- -- -- --
1995 2,450 -- -- -- -- --
1996 2,600 -- -- -- -- --
1997 2,500 -- -- -- -- --
1998 2,300 -- -- -- -- --
Corn, for grain, bushels
1994 -- 2,180 117 255,060 2.23 568,784
1995 -- 2,170 115 249,550 3.20 798,560
1996 -- 2,250 94 211,500 2.66 562,590
1997 -- 2,180 117 255,060 2.40 612,144
1998 -- 2,050 111 227,550 1.90 432,345
Corn, for silage, tons
1994 -- 300 14.0 4,200 -- --
1995 -- 260 15.0 3,900 -- --
1996 -- 310 12.5 3,875 -- --
1997 -- 300 14.5 4,350 -- --
1998 -- 240 12.5 3,000 -- --
Hay, all, tons
1994 -- 1,400 3.48 4,865 70.50 340,533
1995 -- 1,350 3.72 5,025 66.00 331,995
1996 -- 1,300 3.22 4,190 106.00 442,895
1997 -- 1,250 3.01 3,760 101.00 378,530
1998 -- 1,250 2.85 3,565 89.00 317,223
Hay, alfalfa, tons
1994 -- 1,050 3.90 4,095 71.50 292,793
1995 -- 1,050 4.10 4,305 67.00 288,435
1996 -- 950 3.60 3,420 108.00 369,360
1997 -- 900 3.40 3,060 103.00 315,180
1998 850 3.30 2,805 92.50 259,463
Hay, alfalfa, seedings
1994 -- -- -- -- -- --
1995 -- -- -- -- -- --
1996 -- -- -- -- -- --
1997 160 -- -- -- -- --
1998 95 -- -- -- -- --
Hay, other, tons
1994 -- 350 2.20 770 62.00 47,740
1995 -- 300 2.40 720 60.50 43,560
1996 -- 350 2.20 770 95.50 73,535
1997 -- 350 2.00 700 90.50 63,350
1998 -- 400 1.90 760 76.00 57,760
See footnotes at end of table.

Table 4.1_Field crops: Area, production, and value (continued)
Item and unit Year Area Production Price received 1 Value of production
Planted Harvested Per acre Total
1,000
acres
1,000
acres
1,000 Dollars 1,000 dollars
Oats, bushels
1994 140 110 57 6,270 1.44 9,029
1995 110 90 57 5,130 1.90 9,747
1996 70 60 60 3,600 2.41 8,676
1997 95 80 61 4,880 1.86 9,077
1998 120 105 46 4,830 1.30 6,279
Potatoes, cwt.
1994 54.0 52.0 270 14,040 6.70 93,893
1995 55.0 54.5 300 16,350 6.90 112,815
1996 52.0 46.0 300 13,800 5.80 80,040
1997 48.0 47.5 300 14,250 6.45 91,913
1998 48.0 47.5 310 14,725 6.25 92,031
Rye, bushels
1994 90 17 26 442 2.30 1,017
1995 90 16 34 544 2.40 1,306
1996 80 13 27 351 3.20 1,123
1997 75 15 30 450 2.90 1,305
1998 65 15 28 420 2.50 1,050
Soybeans, bushels
1994 1,550 1,540 37.0 56,980 5.43 309,401
1995 1,500 1,490 40.0 59,600 6.52 388,592
1996 1,650 1,640 28.5 46,740 7.15 334,191
1997 1,870 1,860 38.5 71,610 6.47 463,317
1998 1,900 1,890 39.0 73,710 5.25 386,978
Spearmint for oil, pounds
1994 -- 2.7 29 78 11.50 897
1995 -- 2.2 42 92 11.50 1,058
1996 -- 1.3 21 27 12.20 329
1997 -- 1.5 34 51 11.00 561
1998 -- 1.7 42 71 11.20 795
Sugarbeets, tons
1994 195 187 16.2 3,029 37.60 113,890
1995 190 188 15.8 2,970 33.80 100,386
1996 153 130 15.1 1,963 41.60 81,661
1997 163 160 19.0 3,040 38.50 117,040
1998 177 173 16.0 2,768 (3) (3)
Wheat, winter, bushels
1994 600 580 53 30,740 3.25 99,905
1995 630 620 60 37,200 4.10 152,520
1996 680 600 38 22,800 3.91 89,148
1997 530 520 62 32,240 3.26 105,102
1998 600 570 54 30,780 2.35 72,333
1 Marketing year average.
2 Yield per acre in pounds.
3 Not available at publication time.

Table 4.2_Beans, dry: Acres, yield, and production, Michigan
Class Year Area
planted
Area
harvested
Yield per harvested acre Production

Black
Acres Acres Pounds 1,000 cwt.
1994 78,000 75,000 1,320 990
1995 89,000 88,000 1,930 1,700
1996 60,000 57,000 1,650 940
1997 80,000 78,000 1,790 1,400
1998 135,000 134,000 1,570 2,100
Cranberries
1994 30,000 28,000 1,290 360
1995 28,000 27,000 1,740 470
1996 27,000 25,000 1,600 400
1997 32,000 31,000 1,680 520
1998 27,000 26,000 1,100 285
Navy
1994 230,000 210,000 1,310 2,750
1995 220,000 218,000 1,810 3,950
1996 210,000 200,000 1,400 2,800
1997 150,000 145,000 1,600 2,320
1998 75,000 74,000 1,600 1,180
Pinto
1994 5,000 5,000 1,200 60
1995 4,000 4,000 1,750 70
1996 9,000 8,000 1,500 120
1997 10,000 10,000 1,700 170
1998 21,000 20,000 1,470 293
Red kidney, dark
1994 21,000 18,000 1,280 230
1995 16,000 15,000 1,400 210
1996 11,000 9,000 1,110 100
1997 12,000 11,500 1,300 150
1998 9,000 9,000 1,000 90
Red kidney, light
1994 14,000 13,000 1,310 170
1995 12,000 12,000 1,670 200
1996 12,000 10,000 1,400 140
1997 14,000 14,000 1,640 230
1998 14,000 13,000 1,310 170
Small red
1994 -- -- -- --
1995 9,000 9,000 1,780 160
1996 3,000 3,000 1,170 35
1997 10,000 9,000 1,670 150
1998 11,000 11,000 1,820 200
Small white
1994 1,000 1,000 1,000 10
1995 1,000 1,000 1,500 15
1996 -- -- -- --
1997 -- -- -- --
1998 -- -- -- --
Others
1994 11,000 10,000 1,100 110
1995 11,000 11,000 1,410 155
1996 8,000 8,000 1,310 105
1997 7,000 6,500 1,430 93
1998 8,000 8,000 1,340 107
Total
1994 390,000 360,000 1,300 4,680
1995 390,000 385,000 1,800 6,930
1996 340,000 320,000 1,450 4,640
1997 315,000 305,000 1,650 5,033
1998 300,000 295,000 1,500 4,425

Dry Beans
Michigan's 1998 total dry bean production was 4,425,000 hundredweight (cwt.) which represented 14 percent of the U.S. crop. Michigan ranks second in dry bean production for 1998 as North Dakota placed first with 9,798,000 (cwt.)

Michigan's dry bean planting went on schedule with dry soil conditions. Germination was slower than normal due to dry, cool soil and deeper planting depth. Dry weather persisted throughout the growing season with Gratiot County most effected. Harvest was nearly complete by October 1, the earliest on record. Yields for all dry beans averaged 1,500 pounds per acre, down 120 pounds from 1997.

Michigan continues to lead the country in Navy bean production accounting for 30 percent of the national total. Also, Michigan leads the nation in Black and Cranberry bean production. The fertile soils of the Bay-Thumb area and Saginaw Valley are particularly well suited for growing dry beans. Michigan dry beans are available worldwide and are especially popular in the United Kingdom and gaining popularity in Mexico. They are and will continue to be an important and valuable commodity to Michigan agriculture.

Table 4.3_Beans, dry: Stocks in commercial elevators, Michigan
Month and
year
Navy All
other
Total
1,000 cwt.
December 31,    1994
2,150 1,075 3,225
1995
2,800 2,000 4,800
1996
3,400 1,550 4,950
1997
2,850 1,770 4,550
1998
1,400 2,100 3,500
     August 31,    1994
830 120 950
1995
370 300 670
1996
1,400 700 2,100
1997
1,530 240 1,770
1998
1,050 180 1,230

Corn
Michigan had 2.3 million acres planted to corn in Michigan in 1998, down 200,000 acres from 1997. Grain corn production in Michigan was 227.55 million bushels, down 11 percent from 1997; 2.05 million acres were harvested for grain. The yield of 111 bushels per acre was down from 117 bushels the previous year. Farmers harvested 240,000 acres of corn for silage with an average yield of 12.5 tons per acre.

Planting of corn in Michigan was ahead of the average schedule throughout May and was virtually completed by June 1. Above normal temperatures spurred emergence. Widespread dry conditions in May, however, were detrimental to early plant growth. Above average growing degree days in June and July brought rapid development. Dry conditions persisted through July and August. Ninety percent of the corn for grain was mature by October 1, compared with an average of 45 percent. The weather in October was excellent for harvesting, and almost 75 percent of the crop was harvested by November 1. The crop was 95 percent in the bins by mid-November, compared with a 70 percent average.

The 1998 corn crop was valued at $ 432.3 million, a decrease of 29 percent from 1997. Corn continued to be Michigan's number one crop in acreage planted and value of production. The top five counties in corn production in 1998 were Huron, Sanilac, Clinton, Ionia, and Allegan.

Table 4.4_Corn for grain: Stocks by quarter
Crop
year
December 1 March 1 June 1     September 1
On
farm
Off
farm
On
farm
Off
farm
On
farm
Off
farm
On
farm
Off
farm
1,000 bushels
1994
160,000 64,361 105,000 51,276 60,000 31,484 21,000 11,016
1995
130,000 63,494 65,000 48,336 28,000 20,780 7,000 4,352
1996
125,000 49,882 65,000 36,842 36,000 16,748 11,000 5,445
1997
150,000 55,615 80,000 53,870 46,000 30,017 22,000 15,223
1998
150,000 59,500 90,000 44,200 58,000 21,150

Michigan Corn for Grain Acres Chart, 1925-98

Michigan Corn Yields Chart, 1925-98

Table 4.5_Grain storage capacity
Year Off farm On farm
capacity
Facilities Rated
capacity
Number 1,000 bushels 1,000 bushels
1994
295 143,000 260,000
1995
293 146,000 250,000
1996
292 146,000 240,000
1997
289 146,000 250,000
1998
286 143,000 270,000

Small Grains

Barley
Barley growers planted 30,000 acres in 1998 and harvested 26,000 acres compared with 25,000 acres planted and 22,000 acres harvested in 1997. Total production, 1.3 million bushels, was up 2 percent from the previous year. The average yield decreased 16 percent to 50 bushels per acre from 1997. Excellent planting conditions allowed farmers to get Michigan's barley crop in on schedule, however acreage for harvest was reduced due to dry conditions. Michigan's warm and dry growing season reduced the barley yield for 1998.

Oats
Oat acreage rose for the second straight year in Michigan during 1998. Growers planted 120,000 acres of oats in 1998 compared with 95,000 the year before. Harvested acres, at 105,000, rose 31 percent from last year's level. The 1998 oat production was 4.83 million bushels, down only 1 percent from the previous year. Yields were down 15 bushels per acre from 1997, at 46 bushels per acre. Excellent planting weather allowed farmers to plant the crop ahead of schedule, however, the very dry weather over the central and northern parts of the state during June and July reduced yield potential. Sanilac county ranked first in oat production for 1998, while Huron and Alpena rank second and third, respectively.

Planted acres of rye totaled 65,000 in 1998, a decrease of 13 percent from 1997. Michigan rye is primarily grown as a cover crop; only 15,000 acres were harvested for grain. Rye production was estimated at 420,000 bushels, down 7 percent from a year earlier. Average yield was 28 bushels per acre, down from 30 bushels per acre from 1997.

Wheat, winter
Michigan's 1998 winter wheat crop totaled 30.8 million bushels, down 5 percent from 1997. Planted acres were up 70,000 from the previous year to 600,000 acres. Harvested acres increased 50,000 from 1997 to 570,000 acres in 1998. The average yield fell 15 percent to 54 bushels per acre. There was little damage to the wheat crop over the winter. Wheat harvest began ahead of normal, but, the hot dry June conditions hurt yield outcome. Crop value decreased 31 percent to $72.3 million, as the price fell from $3.26 per bushel in 1997 to $2.35 per bushel in 1998. Huron, Sanilac, Lenawee, Monroe, and Saginaw were the top five wheat producing counties.

Table 4.6_Wheat: Stocks by quarter
[Includes interior mills, elevators, warehouses, cereal food processing plants, census merchant mills, terminal and C.C.C. bins]
Crop
year
September 1 December 1 March 1 June 1
On
farm
Off
farm
On
farm
Off
farm
On
farm
Off
farm
On
farm
Off
farm
1,000 bushels
1994 3,500 20,506 1,500 17,803 800 13,554 500 6,556
1995 1,800 23,892 1,300 16,380 700 10,869 300 4,531
1996 2,300 12,963 1,300 9,952 800 9,108 400 5,235
1997 2,700 18,750 1,900 16,005 1,200 11,035 500 6,223
1998 6,500 23,676 4,500 21,000 3,000 17,500 1,100 10,950

Michigan Wheat Yields Chart,  1925-98

Hay
Michigan hay production was estimated at 3.6 million tons, down 5 percent from 1997. Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures accounted for 79 percent of all dry hay produced. All 5 harvested acres stayed the same, at 1.25 million, from 1997. The average all hay yield was 2.85 tons per acre, down 0.16 tons from 1997. Harvest got off to an early start in Michigan when April and May had above normal temperatures and below normal precipitation. The very dry weather continued throughout the summer in the central and northern areas of the state reducing the number of subsequent cuttings. Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures accounted for 850,000 acres of the total with a yield of 3.3 tons per acre. Other hay accounted for 400,000 acres with a yield of 1.9 tons per acre. Value of the hay crop was $317.2 million, down 16 percent from a year earlier.

Table 4.7_Hay: Stocks on farms
Year May 1 December 1
1,000 tons
1995
1,074 3,166
1996
754 2,514
1997
460 2,000
1998
414 1,993
1999
556

Maple Syrup
Michigan maple syrup production was estimated at 73,000 gallons for the 1999 season, 18,000 gallons above the 1998 harvest.

The season was better than last year but still not ideal. For most, the season started out right with cold weather in February. Then about the first of March temperatures warmed to above freezing at night, hampering flow and shortening the season. Last year "El Nino" brought unusually warm temperatures for the entire tapping season. The prolonged dry spell last summer and fall, especially in the north and central parts of the state, may have reduced this spring's flow potential.

The average price received per gallon was $29.70 compared with $32.00 last year. The preliminary value of production for 1999 was estimated at $2.2 million, up 23 percent from 1998. Michigan ranked sixth in maple production in 1999, up from eighth last year, and produced about 6 percent of the total US production.

Table 4.8_Maple syrup: Production and price
Year Production Price
received
Value of production
Gallons Dollars 1,000 dollars
1995
55,000 26.90 1,480
1996
88,000 31.10 2,737
1997
75,000 31.50 1,913
1998
55,000 32.00 1,760
1999
73,000 29.70 2,168

Potatoes
Michigan's 1998 potato production increased 3 percent for the second straight year to 14.73 million hundredweight (cwt.). The state's average yield was 310 cwt. per acre, up 3 percent from 1996. For the second straight year planted acres were 48,000 and harvested acres were 47,500. Weather conditions throughout the summer were hot and dry leaving non- irrigated fields to suffer during the growing season. Irrigated fields fared extremely well though having good yields. Montcalm, St. Joseph, and Bay counties continued as the leading counties in potato acreage.

Michigan ranked ninth among states in potato production in 1998. Most Michigan potatoes are whites, which comprise 75 percent of planted acreage, followed by russets and red which comprise 22 and 3 percent of planted acreage, respectively. Whites are sold for fresh table use or processed for potato chips while russets are used for french fries and other frozen products.

Table 4.9_Potatoes: Stocks by type
Type 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
White
Percent of total stocks, December 1
70 78 78 72 81
Russet
30 20 19 27 18
Red
3 2 3 1 1

Table 4.10_Potatoes: Production and disposition
Year Production Total used for seed 1 Used on farm where grown Sold
For seed, feed, and household use Shrink
and
loss
1,000 cwt.
1994
14,040 963 174 1,350 9,786
1995
16,350 962 168 690 15,492
1996
13,800 768 300 1,300 12,200
1997
14,250 900 200 1,300 12,750
1998
14,725 (2) (2) (2) (2)
1 Includes seed purchased and seed used on farms where grown.
2 Not available at publication time.

Table 4.11_Potatoes: Stocks
Crop year December 1 January 1 February 1 March 1 April 1 May 1
1000 cwt.
1994
8,000 6,500 5,000 4,000 2,500 1,200
1995
9,600 8,300 6,500 4,800 2,700 1,200
1996
8,000 6,600 4,600 3,300 1,900 1,000
1997
8,500 7,000 5,500 4,200 2,600 1,200
1998
8,800 7,200 5,400 3,900 2,200 800

Soybeans
Michigan soybean production in 1998 totaled 73.7 million bushels, setting a record high for the second year in a row. The yield was 39 bushels per acre Planted and harvested acres were also up from the 1997 total to 1.9 million and 1.89 million, respectively. Despite an unusually dry summer over the northern and central areas of the state, the soybean crop did better than expected. By June 1, farmers had 94 percent of the soybean acres planted. The crop also benefitted from ideal fall harvest and drying weather. The total crop value was $387 million, down 16 percent from 1997. Lenawee, Monroe, Sanilac, Saginaw, and Eaton were the top soybean producing counties.

Table 4.12_Soybeans: Stocks by quarter
Crop
year
December 1 March 1 June 1 September 1
On
farm
Off
farm
On
farm
Off
farm
On
farm
Off
farm
On
farm
Off
farm
1,000 bushels
1994
17,500 19,121 9,800 10,188 6,000 5,142 2,200 1,532
1995
14,000 18,888 10,000 9,836 3,300 4,489 900 1,186
1996
12,000 15,068 7,000 8,642 3,000 2,767 700 865
1997
19,000 20,931 12,000 10,646 4,000 4,677 1,500 1,262
1998
30,000 18,000 22,000 9,950 11,000 5,300

Michigan Soybean Production Chart, 1950-98

Sugarbeets
Acres planted for sugarbeets rose for the third consecutive year in Michigan as it increased 8.5 percent in 1998, to 177,000 acres planted. Harvested acreage, at 173,000, increased 8 percent from the previous year. The crop benefitted from a dry, mild spring. Continued dry weather in the principal growing areas throughout the summer and early fall reduced the yield. Yields averaged 16.0 tons per acre compared with 19.0 tons per acre in 1997. The total tonnage decreased 8 percent from 1997, to 2.77 million tons. Huron and Tuscola were the top sugarbeet producing counties for 1998.

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